Introduction: The individual response to controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) depends on several factors, including the initial dose of gonadotropin. In repeated in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles, the initial dose of gonadotropin is mainly established on the basis of the previous attempts' outcomes. Conversely, in naive patients, the ovarian response should be estimated using other criteria, such as the serum concentration of anti-M€ ullerian hormone (AMH). However, in clinical practice, the initial gonadotropin dose is not systematically adapted to the AMH level, despite the known relationship between AMH and ovarian reserve. Material and Methods: French non-interventional, longitudinal, prospective, multicentre, cohort study that included infertile women who underwent COS with highly purified human menopausal gonadotropin (HP-hMG 600 IU/mL) during their first IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycle. Data were collected prospectively during routine follow-up visits from COS initiation to 10−11 weeks after embryo transfer. Results: Data from 235 of the 297 enrolled women were used for the study. Serum AMH level was negatively correlated with the initial and total HP-hMG doses (p<0.001), and positively correlated with the number of retrieved oocytes (p<0.007). Embryos were obtained for 94.0% of women, and fresh embryo transfer was performed in 72.8% of them. The clinical pregnancy rate was 28.5% after the first embryo transfer. Conclusion: Selecting the appropriate starting dose of gonadotropin is crucial to optimize the IVF/ICSI procedure. For the first attempt, the serum AMH level is a good biomarker to individualize treatment.