ERS statement on respiratory muscle testing at rest and during exercise
Pierantonio Laveneziana
(1, 2)
,
Andre Albuquerque
(3, 4)
,
Andrea Aliverti
(5)
,
Tony Babb
(6)
,
Esther Barreiro
(7)
,
Martin Dres
(1, 2)
,
Bruno-Pierre Dubé
(8, 9)
,
Brigitte Fauroux
(10, 11)
,
Joaquim Gea
(12)
,
Jordan Guenette
(13)
,
Anna Hudson
(14)
,
Hans-Joachim Kabitz
(15)
,
Franco Laghi
(16, 17)
,
Daniel Langer
(18, 19)
,
Yuan-Ming Luo
(20)
,
J. Alberto Neder
(21)
,
Denis O'Donnell
(21)
,
Michael Polkey
(22)
,
Roberto A. Rabinovich
(23, 24)
,
Andrea Rossi
(25)
,
Frédéric Series
(26)
,
Thomas Similowski
(1, 2)
,
Christina Spengler
(27)
,
Ioannis Vogiatzis
(28, 29, 30)
,
Samuel Verges
(31)
1
UMRS 1158 -
Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique
2 CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP]
3 USP - Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo
4 Hospital Sírio-Libanês [São Paulo, Brazil]
5 POLIMI - Politecnico di Milano [Milan]
6 Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital [Dallas, TX, USA]
7 IMIM-Hospital del Mar
8 CHUM - Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal
9 CR CHUM - Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal
10 Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP]
11 UPD5 - Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5
12 UPF - Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona]
13 UBC - University of British Columbia
14 UNSW - University of New South Wales [Sydney]
15 HTWG Konstanz - Hochschule Konstanz
16 Loyola University [Chicago]
17 Edward Hines, Jr. VA Hospital
18 KU Leuven - Catholic University of Leuven = Katholieke Universiteit Leuven
19 University Hospitals Leuven [Leuven]
20 GMU - The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University
21 Queen's University [Kingston, Canada]
22 Royal Brompton Hospital
23 Edin. - University of Edinburgh
24 Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh
25 UNIVR - Università degli studi di Verona = University of Verona
26 ULaval - Université Laval [Québec]
27 UZH - Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich
28 SPH-UBC - St. Paul’s Hospital - University of British Columbia [Vancouver, BC, Canada]
29 NKUA - National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
30 University of Northumbria at Newcastle [United Kingdom]
31 HP2 - Hypoxie et PhysioPathologie
2 CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP]
3 USP - Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo
4 Hospital Sírio-Libanês [São Paulo, Brazil]
5 POLIMI - Politecnico di Milano [Milan]
6 Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital [Dallas, TX, USA]
7 IMIM-Hospital del Mar
8 CHUM - Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal
9 CR CHUM - Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal
10 Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP]
11 UPD5 - Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5
12 UPF - Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona]
13 UBC - University of British Columbia
14 UNSW - University of New South Wales [Sydney]
15 HTWG Konstanz - Hochschule Konstanz
16 Loyola University [Chicago]
17 Edward Hines, Jr. VA Hospital
18 KU Leuven - Catholic University of Leuven = Katholieke Universiteit Leuven
19 University Hospitals Leuven [Leuven]
20 GMU - The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University
21 Queen's University [Kingston, Canada]
22 Royal Brompton Hospital
23 Edin. - University of Edinburgh
24 Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh
25 UNIVR - Università degli studi di Verona = University of Verona
26 ULaval - Université Laval [Québec]
27 UZH - Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich
28 SPH-UBC - St. Paul’s Hospital - University of British Columbia [Vancouver, BC, Canada]
29 NKUA - National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
30 University of Northumbria at Newcastle [United Kingdom]
31 HP2 - Hypoxie et PhysioPathologie
Résumé
Assessing respiratory mechanics and muscle function is critical for both clinical practice and research purposes. Several methodological developments over the past two decades have enhanced our understanding of respiratory muscle function and responses to interventions across the spectrum of health and disease. They are especially useful in diagnosing, phenotyping and assessing treatment efficacy in patients with respiratory symptoms and neuromuscular diseases. Considerable research has been undertaken over the past 17 years, since the publication of the previous American Thoracic Society (ATS)/European Respiratory Society (ERS) statement on respiratory muscle testing in 2002. Key advances have been made in the field of mechanics of breathing, respiratory muscle neurophysiology (electromyography, electroencephalography and transcranial magnetic stimulation) and on respiratory muscle imaging (ultrasound, optoelectronic plethysmography and structured light plethysmography). Accordingly, this ERS task force reviewed the field of respiratory muscle testing in health and disease, with particular reference to data obtained since the previous ATS/ERS statement. It summarises the most recent scientific and methodological developments regarding respiratory mechanics and respiratory muscle assessment by addressing the validity, precision, reproducibility, prognostic value and responsiveness to interventions of various methods. A particular emphasis is placed on assessment during exercise, which is a useful condition to stress the respiratory system.