Prenatal exposure to organophosphate pesticides and risk of autism spectrum disorders and other non-typical development at 3 years in a high-risk cohort - Inserm - Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health Année : 2018

Prenatal exposure to organophosphate pesticides and risk of autism spectrum disorders and other non-typical development at 3 years in a high-risk cohort

Résumé

Introduction: Organophosphates are widely used pesticides that have been show to affect child neurodevelopment. Previous studies that explored their potential effects on Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) either relied on proxies of external exposure or on questionnaires completed by the parents to identify autism-like behaviors but do not provide a clinical diagnosis of ASD. Aims: We studied the associations between prenatal biologic markers for exposure to organophosphate pesticides and the risk of having a child with ASD or non-typical development (NTD). Method: We analyzed 203 mother-child pairs of the ongoing MARBLES (Markers of Autism Risk in Babies – Learning Early Signs) mother-child cohort, which enrolls mothers who are either pregnant or planning a pregnancy and having an elevated risk for the expected child to develop ASD. Seven metabolites of organophosphate pesticides were assessed in repeated urine samples collected during pregnancy. At 36 months, children were assessed with measures of cognitive function and adaptive behaviors, and with two gold-standard diagnostic instruments for ASD: the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule and the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised. Children were classified in one of the following groups: ASD (n = 46), non-typical development (NTD, n = 55) and typically developing (TD, n = 102). Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, organophosphate metabolite concentrations were not associated with an increased risk of ASD or NTD when boys and girls were studied together. After stratification by sex, dimethylthiophosphate (DMTP) pregnancy concentration tended to be associated with an increased ASD risk among girls (OR for a doubling in the DMTP concentration: 1.64 (95%CI, 0.95; 2.82)) but not among boys (OR: 0.84, 95%CI: 0.63; 1.11). Discussion: This is the first study of clinically confirmed diagnoses of ASD that utilized repeated measurements of organophosphate metabolites during pregnancy to explore the associations between these pesticides and ASD risk in children. The association we observed among girls, as well as the lack of association in boys, need to be replicated in further studies with similar design and larger sample size. In light of the higher baseline risk for ASD in this cohort, generalizability to children lacking a first degree relative affected by ASD is unknown.
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Dates et versions

inserm-03269499 , version 1 (24-06-2021)

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Claire Philippat, Jacqueline Barkoski, Daniel J Tancredi, Bill Elms, Dana Boyd Barr, et al.. Prenatal exposure to organophosphate pesticides and risk of autism spectrum disorders and other non-typical development at 3 years in a high-risk cohort. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 2018, 221 (3), pp.548-555. ⟨10.1016/j.ijheh.2018.02.004⟩. ⟨inserm-03269499⟩

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