O. Landgren, R. A. Kyle, R. M. Pfeiffer, J. A. Katzmann, N. E. Caporaso et al., Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) consistently precedes multiple myeloma: A prospective study, Blood, vol.113, pp.5412-5417, 2009.

R. A. Kyle, M. A. Gertz, T. E. Witzig, J. A. Lust, M. Q. Lacy et al., Review of 1027 patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, Mayo Clin. Proc, vol.78, pp.21-33, 2003.

S. V. Rajkumar, M. A. Dimopoulos, A. Palumbo, J. Blade, G. Merlini et al., International Myeloma Working Group updated criteria for the diagnosis of multiple myeloma, Lancet Oncol, vol.15, pp.538-548, 2014.

R. A. Kyle, T. M. Therneau, S. V. Rajkumar, D. R. Larson, M. F. Plevak et al., Prevalence of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, N. Engl. J. Med, vol.354, pp.1362-1369, 2006.

R. A. Kyle, D. R. Larson, T. M. Therneau, A. Dispenzieri, S. Kumar et al., Long-term follow-up of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, N. Engl. J. Med, vol.378, pp.241-249, 2018.

J. Hillengass, M. A. Weber, K. Kilk, K. Listl, B. Wagner-gund et al., Prognostic significance of whole-body MRI in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, Leukemia, vol.28, pp.174-178, 2014.

J. Minarik, P. Krhovska, J. Hrbek, T. Pika, J. Bacovsky et al., Prospective comparison of conventional radiography, low-dose computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in monoclonal gammopathies, Biomed. Pap. Med. Fac. Univ. Palacky Olomouc. Czechoslov, vol.160, pp.305-309, 2016.

J. Hillengass, J. Ritsch, M. Merz, B. Wagner, C. Kunz et al., Increased microcirculation detected by dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging is of prognostic significance in asymptomatic myeloma, Br. J. Haematol, vol.174, pp.127-135, 2016.

J. Hillengass, S. Usmani, S. V. Rajkumar, B. G. Durie, M. V. Mateos et al., International myeloma working group consensus recommendations on imaging in monoclonal plasma cell disorders, Lancet Oncol, vol.20, pp.302-312, 2019.

S. V. Rajkumar, D. Larson, and R. A. Kyle, Diagnosis of smoldering multiple myeloma, N. Engl. J. Med, vol.365, pp.474-475, 2011.

J. T. Larsen, S. K. Kumar, A. Dispenzieri, R. A. Kyle, J. A. Katzmann et al., Serum free light chain ratio as a biomarker for highrisk smoldering multiple myeloma, Leukemia, vol.27, pp.941-946, 2013.

J. Hillengass, K. Fechtner, M. A. Weber, T. Bauerle, S. Ayyaz et al., Prognostic significance of focal lesions in whole-body magnetic resonance imaging in patients with asymptomatic multiple myeloma, J. Clin. Oncol, vol.28, pp.1606-1610, 2010.

J. Hillengass, K. Fechtner, M. A. Weber, T. Bauerle, S. Ayyaz et al., The prognostic importance of the presence of more than one focal lesion in spine MRI of patients with asymptomatic (smoldering) multiple myeloma, Leukemia, vol.28, pp.2402-2403, 2014.

E. Terpos, D. Matsaridis, V. Koutoulidis, F. Zagouri, D. Christoulas et al., Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging parameters correlate with advanced revised-ISS and angiopoietin-1/angiopoietin-2 ratio in patients with multiple myeloma, Ann. Hematol, vol.96, pp.1707-1714, 2017.

B. Siontis, S. Kumar, A. Dispenzieri, M. T. Drake, M. Q. Lacy et al., Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography in the Diagnostic Evaluation of Smoldering Multiple Myeloma: Identification of Patients Needing Therapy, 2015.

E. Zamagni, C. Nanni, F. Gay, A. Pezzi, F. Patriarca et al., 18F-FDG PET/CT focal, but not osteolytic, lesions predict the progression of smoldering myeloma to active disease, Leukemia, vol.30, pp.417-422, 2016.

J. Hillengass, L. A. Moulopoulos, S. Delorme, V. Koutoulidis, J. Mosebach et al., Whole-body computed tomography versus conventional skeletal survey in patients with multiple myeloma: A study of the International Myeloma Working Group, Blood Cancer J, vol.25, 2017.

A. H. Mahnken, J. E. Wildberger, G. Gehbauer, T. Schmitz-rode, M. Blaum et al., Multidetector CT of the spine in multiple myeloma: Comparison with MR imaging and radiography, AJR Am. J. Roentgenol, vol.178, pp.1429-1436, 2002.

P. Kröpil, R. Fenk, L. B. Fritz, D. Blondin, G. Kobbe et al., Comparison of whole-body 64-slice multidetector computed tomography and conventional radiography in staging of multiple myeloma, Eur. Radiol, vol.18, pp.51-58, 2008.

M. Hinge, K. T. Andersen, T. Lund, H. B. Jørgensen, P. C. Holdgaard et al., Baseline bone involvement in multiple myeloma-A prospective comparison of conventional X-ray, low-dose computed tomography, and 18flourodeoxyglucosepositron emission tomography in previously untreated patients, Haematologica, vol.101, pp.415-418, 2016.

K. Princewill, S. Kyere, O. Awan, and M. Mulligan, Multiple myeloma lesion detection with whole body CT versus radiographic skeletal survey. Cancer Investig, vol.31, pp.206-211, 2013.