L. E. Arnold, Sex differences in ADHD: Conference summary, Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, vol.24, issue.5, pp.555-569, 1996.

R. G. Astill, K. B. Van-der-heijden, M. H. Van-ijzendoorn, W. , and J. , Sleep, cognition, and behavioral problems in school-age children: A century of research meta-analyzed, 2012.

, Psychological Bulletin, vol.138, issue.6, pp.1109-1138

S. P. Becker, C. N. Cusick, C. A. Sidol, J. N. Epstein, and L. Tamm, The impact of comorbid mental health symptoms and sex on sleep functioning in children with ADHD, European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, vol.27, issue.3, pp.353-365, 2018.

S. N. Biggs, K. Lushington, A. J. Martin, C. Van-den-heuvel, and J. D. Kennedy, Gender, socioeconomic, and ethnic differences in sleep patterns in school-aged children, Sleep Medicine, vol.14, issue.12, pp.1304-1309, 2013.

D. Bijlenga, M. A. Vollebregt, J. J. Kooij, and M. Arns, The role of the circadian system in the etiology and pathophysiology of ADHD: Time to redefine ADHD? Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders, vol.11, pp.5-19, 2019.

P. S. Blair, J. S. Humphreys, P. Gringras, S. Taheri, N. Scott et al., Childhood sleep duration and associated demographic characteristics in an English cohort, Sleep, vol.35, issue.3, pp.353-360, 2012.

A. Bouvette-turcot, M. Pluess, A. Bernier, M. Pennestri, R. Levitan et al., Effects of Genotype and Sleep on Temperament, MAVAN research team, vol.136, pp.914-921, 2015.

A. H. Buss and R. Plomin, Temperament: Early developing personality traits, 2008.

A. Caye, J. M. Swanson, D. Coghill, and L. A. Rohde, Treatment strategies for ADHD: An evidence-based guide to select optimal treatment, Molecular Psychiatry, vol.24, issue.3, pp.390-408, 2019.

,

S. Croft, C. Stride, B. Maughan, and R. Rowe, Validity of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire in preschool-aged children, Pediatrics, vol.135, issue.5, pp.1210-1219, 2015.

,

P. Franco, B. Putois, A. Guyon, A. Raoux, M. Papadopoulou et al., Sleep during development: Sex and gender differences, Sleep Medicine Reviews, vol.51, 2020.

R. Fuhrer and F. Rouillon, La version française de l'échelle CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale). Description et traduction de l'échelle d'auto-évaluation, Psychiatrie et Psychobiologie, pp.163-166, 1989.

R. Goodman, The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: A research note, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, vol.38, issue.5, pp.581-586, 1997.

R. Goodman and S. Scott, Comparing the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and the Child Behavior Checklist: Is small beautiful?, Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, vol.27, issue.1, pp.17-24, 1999.

R. Gruber, ADHD, anxiety and sleep: A window to understanding the interplay between sleep, emotional regulation and attention in children?, Behavioral Sleep Medicine, vol.12, issue.1, pp.84-87, 2014.

,

B. Heude, A. Forhan, R. Slama, L. Douhaud, S. Bedel et al., Cohort Profile: The EDEN mother-child cohort on the prenatal and early postnatal determinants of child health and development, International Journal of Epidemiology, 2015.

H. Hiscock, E. Sciberras, F. Mensah, B. Gerner, D. Efron et al., Impact of a behavioural sleep intervention on symptoms and sleep in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and parental mental health: Randomised controlled trial, BMJ: British Medical Journal, vol.350, 2015.

H. Huhdanpää, I. Morales-muñoz, E. T. Aronen, P. Pölkki, O. Saarenpää-heikkilä et al., Sleep Difficulties in Infancy Are Associated with Symptoms of Inattention and Hyperactivity at the Age of 5 Years: A Longitudinal Study, Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, vol.40, issue.6, pp.432-440, 2019.

,

P. W. Jansen, N. S. Saridjan, A. Hofman, V. W. Jaddoe, F. C. Verhulst et al., Does disturbed sleeping precede symptoms of anxiety or depression in toddlers? The generation R study, Psychosomatic Medicine, vol.73, issue.3, pp.242-249, 2011.

,

B. Kolb and R. Gibb, Searching for the principles of brain plasticity and behavior. Cortex; a, Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior, vol.58, pp.251-260, 2014.

,

J. A. Mindell, E. S. Leichman, C. Dumond, and A. Sadeh, Sleep and Social-Emotional Development in Infants and Toddlers, Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology: The Official Journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, vol.53, issue.2, pp.236-246, 2017.

,

F. D. Mowlem, M. A. Rosenqvist, J. Martin, P. Lichtenstein, P. Asherson et al., Sex differences in predicting ADHD clinical diagnosis and pharmacological treatment, 2019.

, European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, vol.28, issue.4, pp.481-489

D. Nagin, Group-based modeling of development, 2005.

J. L. Ohan and T. A. Visser, Why is there a gender gap in children presenting for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder services? Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology: The Official Journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division, vol.53, issue.5, pp.650-660, 2009.

,

K. R. Øvergaard, B. Oerbeck, S. Friis, A. H. Pripp, G. Biele et al., , 2018.

, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Preschoolers: The Accuracy of a Short Screener, Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, vol.57, issue.6, pp.428-435

,

S. Plancoulaine, S. Lioret, N. Regnault, B. Heude, and M. Charles, Gender-specific factors associated with shorter sleep duration at age 3 years, Journal of Sleep Research, vol.24, issue.6, pp.610-620, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02093777

S. Plancoulaine, E. Reynaud, A. Forhan, S. Lioret, B. Heude et al.,

P. Ducimetière, M. De-agostini, B. Foliguet, A. Forhan, X. Fritel et al., Night sleep duration trajectories and associated factors among preschool children from the EDEN cohort, Sleep Medicine, vol.48, pp.194-201, 2018.

,

G. Polanczyk, M. De-lima, B. Horta, J. Biederman, and L. Rohde, The worldwide prevalence of ADHD: A systematic review and metaregression analysis, American Journal of Psychiatry, vol.164, issue.6, pp.942-948, 2007.

P. O. Quinn and M. Madhoo, A Review of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Women and Girls: Uncovering This Hidden Diagnosis. The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders, p.16, 2014.

E. Reynaud, A. Forhan, B. Heude, B. De-lauzon-guillain, M. Charles et al., Night-waking trajectories and associated factors in French preschoolers from the EDEN birth-cohort, Sleep Medicine, pp.59-65, 2016.

,

E. Reynaud, M. Vecchierini, B. Heude, M. Charles, and S. Plancoulaine, Sleep and its relation to cognition and behaviour in preschool-aged children of the general population: A systematic review, Journal of Sleep Research, vol.27, issue.3, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02093807

E. Romano, R. E. Tremblay, A. Farhat, and S. Côté, Development and prediction of hyperactive symptoms from 2 to 7 years in a population-based sample, Pediatrics, vol.117, issue.6, pp.2101-2110, 2006.

A. Sadeh, Consequences of Sleep Loss or Sleep Disruption in Children, Sleep Medicine Clinics, vol.2, issue.3, pp.513-520, 2007.

J. Salla, G. Michel, J. B. Pingault, E. Lacourse, S. Paquin et al., Childhood trajectories of inattention-hyperactivity and academic achievement at 12 years, European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, vol.25, issue.11, pp.1195-1206, 2016.

T. Shojaei, A. Wazana, I. Pitrou, and V. Kovess, The strengths and difficulties questionnaire: Validation study in French school-aged children and cross-cultural comparisons, Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, vol.44, issue.9, pp.740-747, 2009.

,

B. Sivertsen, A. G. Harvey, T. Reichborn-kjennerud, L. Torgersen, E. Ystrom et al., Later emotional and behavioral problems associated with sleep problems in toddlers: A longitudinal study, JAMA Pediatrics, vol.169, issue.6, pp.575-582, 2015.

,

G. Tononi and C. Cirelli, Sleep and the price of plasticity: From synaptic and cellular homeostasis to memory consolidation and integration, Neuron, vol.81, issue.1, pp.12-34, 2014.

,

E. Touchette, S. M. Côté, D. Petit, X. Liu, M. Boivin et al.,

J. Y. Montplaisir, Short nighttime sleep-duration and hyperactivity trajectories in early childhood, Pediatrics, vol.124, issue.5, pp.985-993, 2009.

K. B. Van-der-heijden, L. M. De-sonneville, and H. Swaab, Association of eveningness with problem behavior in children: A mediating role of impaired sleep, Chronobiology International, vol.30, issue.7, pp.919-929, 2013.

K. E. Williams, D. Berthelsen, S. Walker, and J. M. Nicholson, A Developmental Cascade Model of Behavioral Sleep Problems and Emotional and Attentional Self-Regulation Across Early Childhood, Behavioral Sleep Medicine, vol.15, issue.1, pp.1-21, 2017.

,