Adoptive therapy of cancer has been mostly tested in advanced cancer patients using tumor-inWl-trating lymphocytes (TIL). Following discouraging results likely due to poor tumor-speciWcity of TIL and/ or high tumor burden, recent studies reiterate the enormous potential of this therapy, particularly in mel-anoma. We had performed a phase II/III randomised trial on 88 stage III melanoma patients, who received autologous TIL plus IL-2 or IL-2 alone, after complete tumour resection. We reported previously clinical and immunological results supporting the ability of tumor reactive TIL infusion to prevent further development of the melanoma disease and to increase overall survival of patients bearing only one tumor invaded lymph node. The absence of correlation between overall and disease-free survival and the amount of infused tumor-speciWc TIL suggested that therapeutic eYciency might depend on other parameters such as antigen speciWcity, function or persistence of TIL. Here we studied the recognition of a panel of 38 shared tumor-associated antigens (TAA) by TIL infused to the patients included in this assay, in order to determine if treatment outcome could correlate with particular antigen speciWcities of infused TIL. Results show that the infusion of Melan-A/MART-1 reactive TIL appears to be associated with a longer relapse-free survival for HLA-A2 patients. These results further support the relevance of Melan-A/MART-1 antigen as a prime target for immunotherapy protocols in melanoma.