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Molecular evolution and antigenic variation of European brown hare syndrome virus (EBHSV)

Ana Lopes 1, 2, 3 Lorenzo Capucci 4 Dolores Gavier-Widén 5, 6 Ghislaine Le Gall-Reculé 7, 8 Emiliana Brocchi 4 Ilaria Barbieri 4 Agnès Quéméner 2 Jacques Le Pendu 2 Jemma Geoghegan 9 Edward Holmes 9 Pedro Esteves 10, 1, 11 Joana Abrantes 12
1 Departamento de Biologia [Porto, Portugal]
2 CRCNA - Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie Nantes-Angers
3 CIBIO/UP-Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos [Vairão, Portugal]
4 Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna (IZSLER)
5 Department Pathology and Wildlife Disease
6 Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health - Section of Immunology [Uppsala, Sweden]
7 ANSES - Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail
8 UEB - Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany
9 SEIB - Sydney Emerging Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity Institute
10 CIBIO-UP
11 Centro de Investigacao em Tecnologias de Saude, CESPU
12 CIBIO-UP - Centro de Investigacao em Biodiverdidade e Recursos Geneticos
Abstract : European brown hare syndrome virus(EBHSV) is the aetiological agent of European brown hare syndrome (EBHS), a disease affecting Lepus europaeus and Lepus timidus first diagnosed in Sweden in 1980. To characterize EBHSV evolution we studied hare samples collected in Sweden between 1982 and2008. Our molecular clock dating is compatible with EBHSV emergence in the 1970s. Phylogenetic analysis revealed two lineages: Group A persisted until 1989 when it apparently suffered extinction; Group B emerged in the mid-1980s and contains the most recent strains. Antigenic differences exist between groups, with loss of reactivity of some MAbs overtime, which are associated with aminoacid substitutions in recognized epitopes. A role for immune selection is also supported by the presence of positively selected codons in exposed regions of the capsid. Hence, EBHSV evolution is characterized by replacement of Group A by Group B viruses, suggesting that the latter possess a selective advantage.
Keywords : Antigenic variation European brown hare syndrome virus (EBHSV) Evolution
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https://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-02441033
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Ana Lopes, Lorenzo Capucci, Dolores Gavier-Widén, Ghislaine Le Gall-Reculé, Emiliana Brocchi, et al.. Molecular evolution and antigenic variation of European brown hare syndrome virus (EBHSV). Virology, Elsevier, 2014, 468-470, pp.104-112. ⟨10.1016/j.virol.2014.08.002⟩. ⟨inserm-02441033⟩

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