Prognostic role of CD4 T-cell depletion after frontline fludarabine, cyclophosphamide and rituximab in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia - Inserm - Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue BMC Cancer Année : 2019

Prognostic role of CD4 T-cell depletion after frontline fludarabine, cyclophosphamide and rituximab in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia

Résumé

BACKGROUND: Eradication of minimal residual disease (MRD), at the end of Fludarabine-Cyclophosphamide-Rituximab (FCR) treatment, is a validated surrogate marker for progression-free and overall survival in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. But such deep responses are also associated with severe immuno-depletion, leading to infections and the development of secondary cancers. METHODS: We assessed, blood MRD and normal immune cell levels at the end of treatment, in 162 first-line FCR patients, and analysed survival and adverse event. RESULTS: Multivariate Landmark analysis 3 months after FCR completion identified unmutated IGHV status (HR, 2.03, p = 0.043), the level of MRD reached (intermediate versus low, HR, 2.43, p = 0.002; high versus low, HR, 4.56, p = 0.002) and CD4 > 200/mm3 (HR, 3.30, p <  0.001) as factors independently associated with progression-free survival (PFS); neither CD8 nor NK counts were associated with PFS. The CD4 count was associated with PFS irrespective of IGHV mutational status, but only in patients with detectable MRD (HR, 3.51, p = 0.0004, whereas it had no prognostic impact in MRD < 10- 4 patients: p = 0.6998). We next used a competitive risk model to investigate whether immune cell subsets could be associated with the risk of infection and found no association between CD4, CD8 and NK cells and infection. CONCLUSIONS: Consolidation/maintenance trials based on detectable MRD after FCR should investigate CD4 T-cell numbers both as a selection and a response criterion, and consolidation treatments should target B-cell/T-cell interactions.
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Dates et versions

inserm-02296779 , version 1 (25-09-2019)

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Martin Gauthier, Françoise Durrieu, Elodie Martin, Michael Peres, François Vergez, et al.. Prognostic role of CD4 T-cell depletion after frontline fludarabine, cyclophosphamide and rituximab in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. BMC Cancer, 2019, 19 (1), pp.809. ⟨10.1186/s12885-019-5971-z⟩. ⟨inserm-02296779⟩
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