Long-term IgG response to porcine Neu5Gc antigens without transmission of PERV in burn patients treated with porcine skin xenografts

Linda Scobie Vered Padler-Karavani Stéphanie Le Bas-Bernardet 1 Claire Crossan Josef Blaha Magda Matouskova Ralph Hector Emanuele Cozzi Bernard Vanhove 1 Beatrice Charreau 1 Gilles Blancho 1 Ludovic Bourdais Mariachiara Tallacchini Juan Ribes Hai Yu Xi Chen Jitka Kracikova Ludomir Broz Jiri Hejnar Pavel Vesely Yasuhiro Takeuchi Ajit Varki Jean-Paul Soulillou 1
1 U1064 Inserm - CRTI - Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie
Abstract : Acellular materials of xenogenic origin are used worldwide as xenografts, and phase I trials of viable pig pancreatic islets are currently being performed. However, limited information is available on transmission of porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) after xenotransplantation and on the long-term immune response of recipients to xenoantigens. We analyzed the blood of burn patients who had received living pig-skin dressings for up to 8 wk for the presence of PERV as well as for the level and nature of their long term (maximum, 34 y) immune response against pig Ags. Although no evidence of PERV genomic material or anti-PERV Ab response was found, we observed a moderate increase in anti-αGal Abs and a high and sustained anti-non-αGal IgG response in those patients. Abs against the nonhuman sialic acid Neu5Gc constituted the anti-non-αGal response with the recognition pattern on a sialoglycan array differing from that of burn patients treated without pig skin. These data suggest that anti-Neu5Gc Abs represent a barrier for long-term acceptance of porcine xenografts. Because anti-Neu5Gc Abs can promote chronic inflammation, the long-term safety of living and acellular pig tissue implants in recipients warrants further evaluation.
Keywords : xenotransplantation pig skin graft xenoantibody PERV
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Linda Scobie, Vered Padler-Karavani, Stéphanie Le Bas-Bernardet, Claire Crossan, Josef Blaha, et al.. Long-term IgG response to porcine Neu5Gc antigens without transmission of PERV in burn patients treated with porcine skin xenografts. Journal of Immunology, Publisher : Baltimore : Williams & Wilkins, c1950-. Latest Publisher : Bethesda, MD : American Association of Immunologists, 2013, 191 (6), pp.2907-2915. ⟨10.4049/jimmunol.1301195⟩. ⟨inserm-02166106⟩

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