V. A. Luyckx and B. M. Brenner, The clinical importance of nephron mass, J Am Soc Nephrol, vol.21, p.20150537, 2010.

G. Keller, G. Zimmer, G. Mall, E. Ritz, and K. Amann, Nephron number in patients with primary hypertension, N Engl J Med, vol.348, p.12519920, 2003.
DOI : 10.1056/nejmoa020549

W. G. Couser, G. Remuzzi, S. Mendis, and M. Tonelli, The contribution of chronic kidney disease to the global burden of major noncommunicable diseases, Kidney Int, vol.80, p.21993585, 2011.

L. Saxén and H. Sariola, Early organogenesis of the kidney, Pediatr Nephrol, vol.1, p.3153305, 1987.

J. Blake and N. D. Rosenblum, Renal branching morphogenesis: morphogenetic and signaling mechanisms, Semin Cell Dev Biol, vol.36, p.25080023, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.07.011

J. E. Cain, D. Giovanni, V. Smeeton, J. Rosenblum, and N. D. , Genetics of renal hypoplasia: insights into the mechanisms controlling nephron endowment, Pediatr Res, vol.68, pp.91-98, 2010.

K. M. Short, A. N. Combes, J. Lefevre, A. L. Ju, K. M. Georgas et al., Global quantification of tissue dynamics in the developing mouse kidney, Dev Cell, vol.29, p.24780737, 2014.

G. R. Dressler and S. R. Patel, Epigenetics in kidney development and renal disease, Transl Res, vol.165, p.24958601, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.trsl.2014.04.007
URL : http://europepmc.org/articles/pmc4256142?pdf=render

V. A. Luyckx and B. M. Brenner, Birth weight, malnutrition and kidney-associated outcomes-a global concern, Nat Rev Nephrol, vol.11, p.25599618, 2015.
DOI : 10.1038/nrneph.2014.251

M. Hughson, A. B. Farris, R. Douglas-denton, W. E. Hoy, and J. F. Bertram, Glomerular number and size in autopsy kidneys: the relationship to birth weight, Kidney Int, vol.63, p.12753298, 2003.

J. Quinlan, M. Lemire, T. Hudson, H. Qu, A. Benjamin et al., A common variant of the PAX2 gene is associated with reduced newborn kidney size, J Am Soc Nephrol, vol.18, p.17513325, 2007.

Z. Zhang, J. Quinlan, W. Hoy, M. D. Hughson, M. Lemire et al., A common RET variant is associated with reduced newborn kidney size and function, J Am Soc Nephrol, vol.19, p.18820179, 2008.
DOI : 10.1681/asn.2007101098
URL : https://jasn.asnjournals.org/content/19/10/2027.full.pdf

R. El-kares, D. C. Manolescu, L. Lakhal-chaieb, A. Montpetit, Z. Zhang et al., A human ALDH1A2 gene variant is associated with increased newborn kidney size and serum retinoic acid, Kidney Int, vol.78, p.20375987, 2010.

T. J. Hemesath, E. Steingrímsson, G. Mcgill, M. J. Hansen, J. Vaught et al., microphthalmia, a critical factor in melanocyte development, defines a discrete transcription factor family, Genes Dev, vol.8, p.7958932, 1994.

E. Steingrímsson, N. G. Copeland, and N. A. Jenkins, Melanocytes and the microphthalmia transcription factor network, Annu Rev Genet, vol.38, p.15568981, 2004.

C. L. Hershey and D. E. Fisher, Genomic analysis of the Microphthalmia locus and identification of the MITF-J/ Mitf-J isoform, Gene, vol.347, p.15715979, 2005.

K. Opdecamp, A. Nakayama, M. T. Nguyen, C. A. Hodgkinson, W. J. Pavan et al., Melanocyte development in vivo and in neural crest cell cultures: crucial dependence on the Mitf basic-helix-loop-helix-zipper transcription factor, Development, vol.124, p.9199364, 1997.

S. Tshori, D. Gilon, R. Beeri, H. Nechushtan, D. Kaluzhny et al., Transcription factor MITF regulates cardiac growth and hypertrophy, J Clin Invest, vol.116, p.16998588, 2006.
DOI : 10.1172/jci27643

L. Lin, A. J. Gerth, and S. L. Peng, Active inhibition of plasma cell development in resting B cells by microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, J Exp Med, vol.200, p.15226356, 2004.

S. Carreira, J. Goodall, L. Denat, M. Rodriguez, P. Nuciforo et al., Mitf regulation of Dia1 controls melanoma proliferation and invasiveness, Genes Dev, vol.20, p.17182868, 2006.
DOI : 10.1101/gad.406406
URL : http://genesdev.cshlp.org/content/20/24/3426.full.pdf

D. Laouari, M. Burtin, A. Phelep, F. Bienaime, L. Noel et al., A transcriptional network underlies susceptibility to kidney disease progression, EMBO Mol Med, vol.4, p.22711280, 2012.

C. Bertolotto, F. Lesueur, S. Giuliano, T. Strub, M. De-lichy et al., A SUMOylation-defective MITF germline mutation predisposes to melanoma and renal carcinoma, Nature, vol.480, p.22012259, 2011.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00719536

X. Shao, J. E. Johnson, J. A. Richardson, T. Hiesberger, and P. Igarashi, A minimal Ksp-cadherin promoter linked to a green fluorescent protein reporter gene exhibits tissue-specific expression in the developing kidney and genitourinary tract, J Am Soc Nephrol, vol.13, p.12089378, 2002.

L. Michael and J. A. Davies, Pattern and regulation of cell proliferation during murine ureteric bud development, J Anat, vol.204, p.15061751, 2004.

S. Kondo, M. G. Oakes, and C. M. Sorenson, Rescue of renal hypoplasia and cystic dysplasia in Bcl-2 -/-mice expressing Bcl-2 in ureteric bud derived epithelia, Dev Dyn, vol.237, p.18729219, 2008.

F. Vallania, D. Schiavone, S. Dewilde, E. Pupo, S. Garbay et al., Genome-wide discovery of functional transcription factor binding sites by comparative genomics: the case of Stat3, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, vol.106, p.19282476, 2009.

Y. Cheli, M. Ohanna, R. Ballotti, and C. Bertolotto, Fifteen-year quest for microphthalmia-associated transcription factor target genes, Pigment Cell Melanoma Res, vol.23, pp.27-40, 2010.

A. T. Dudley, K. M. Lyons, and E. J. Robertson, A requirement for bone morphogenetic protein-7 during development of the mammalian kidney and eye, Genes Dev, vol.9, p.7590254, 1995.

M. Narlis, D. Grote, Y. Gaitan, S. K. Boualia, and M. Bouchard, Pax2 and pax8 regulate branching morphogenesis and nephron differentiation in the developing kidney, J Am Soc Nephrol, vol.18, p.17314325, 2007.

N. Bäumer, T. Marquardt, A. Stoykova, D. Spieler, D. Treichel et al., Retinal pigmented epithelium determination requires the redundant activities of Pax2 and Pax6, Development, vol.130, p.12756174, 2003.

F. Müller, H. Rohrer, and A. Vogel-höpker, Bone morphogenetic proteins specify the retinal pigment epithelium in the chick embryo, Development, vol.134, p.17728349, 2007.

T. J. Carroll, J. Park, S. Hayashi, A. Majumdar, and A. P. Mcmahon, Wnt9b plays a central role in the regulation of mesenchymal to epithelial transitions underlying organogenesis of the mammalian urogenital system, Dev Cell, vol.9, p.16054034, 2005.

M. A. Basson, S. Akbulut, J. Watson-johnson, R. Simon, T. J. Carroll et al., Sprouty1 is a critical regulator of GDNF/RET-mediated kidney induction, Dev Cell, vol.8, p.15691764, 2005.

M. A. Basson, J. Watson-johnson, R. Shakya, S. Akbulut, D. Hyink et al., Branching morphogenesis of the ureteric epithelium during kidney development is coordinated by the opposing functions of GDNF and Sprouty1, Dev Biol, vol.299, p.17022962, 2006.

A. Majumdar, S. Vainio, A. Kispert, J. Mcmahon, and A. P. Mcmahon, Wnt11 and Ret/Gdnf pathways cooperate in regulating ureteric branching during metanephric kidney development, Development, vol.130, p.12783789, 2003.

F. Costantini and . Gdnf/, Ret signaling and renal branching morphogenesis: From mesenchymal signals to epithelial cell behaviors, Organogenesis, vol.6, p.21220964, 2010.

B. C. Lu, C. Cebrian, C. X. Kuure, S. Kuo, R. Bates et al., Etv4 and Etv5 are required downstream of GDNF and Ret for kidney branching morphogenesis, Nat Genet, vol.41, pp.1295-1302, 2009.

A. Schuchardt, D. 'agati, V. Larsson-blomberg, L. Costantini, F. Pachnis et al., Defects in the kidney and enteric nervous system of mice lacking the tyrosine kinase receptor Ret, Nature, vol.367, p.8114940, 1994.

A. Schedl, Renal abnormalities and their developmental origin, Nat Rev Genet, vol.8, p.17878895, 2007.
DOI : 10.1038/nrg2205

A. Vivante, S. Kohl, D. Hwang, G. C. Dworschak, and F. Hildebrandt, Single-gene causes of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) in humans, Pediatr Nephrol, vol.29, p.24398540, 2014.

A. Maeshima, S. Shiozaki, T. Tajima, Y. Nakazato, T. Naruse et al., Number of glomeruli is increased in the kidney of transgenic mice expressing the truncated type II activin receptor, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, vol.268, p.10679224, 2000.

S. Sims-lucas, G. Caruana, J. Dowling, M. M. Kett, and J. F. Bertram, Augmented and accelerated nephrogenesis in TGF-beta2 heterozygous mutant mice, Pediatr Res, vol.63, p.18317401, 2008.

L. P. Sanford, I. Ormsby, A. C. Gittenberger-de-groot, H. Sariola, R. Friedman et al., TGFbeta2 knockout mice have multiple developmental defects that are non-overlapping with other TGFbeta knockout phenotypes, Development, vol.124, p.9217007, 1997.

M. M. Matzuk, T. R. Kumar, A. Vassalli, J. R. Bickenbach, D. R. Roop et al., Functional analysis of activins during mammalian development, Nature, vol.374, p.7885473, 1995.

A. P. Read and V. E. Newton, Waardenburg syndrome, J Med Genet, vol.34, p.9279758, 1997.

S. D. Smith, P. M. Kelley, J. B. Kenyon, and D. Hoover, Tietz syndrome (hypopigmentation/deafness) caused by mutation of MITF, J Med Genet, vol.37, p.10851256, 2000.

C. E. Fisher, L. Michael, M. W. Barnett, and J. A. Davies, Erk MAP kinase regulates branching morphogenesis in the developing mouse kidney, Development, vol.128, p.11684667, 2001.

M. Tang, Y. Cai, S. Tsai, Y. Wang, and G. R. Dressler, Ureteric bud outgrowth in response to RET activation is mediated by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, Dev Biol, vol.243, p.11846482, 2002.

A. Dziarmaga, M. Eccles, and P. Goodyer, Suppression of ureteric bud apoptosis rescues nephron endowment and adult renal function in Pax2 mutant mice, J Am Soc Nephrol, vol.17, p.16672320, 2006.

C. M. Sorenson, B. J. Padanilam, and M. R. Hammerman, Abnormal postpartum renal development and cystogenesis in the bcl-2 (-/-) mouse, Am J Physiol, vol.271, p.8760259, 1996.

G. G. Mcgill, M. Horstmann, H. R. Widlund, J. Du, G. Motyckova et al., Bcl2 regulation by the melanocyte master regulator Mitf modulates lineage survival and melanoma cell viability, Cell, vol.109, p.12086670, 2002.