M. C. Genovese, J. C. Becker, M. Schiff, M. Luggen, Y. Sherrer et al., Abatacept for rheumatoid arthritis refractory to tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibition, N. Engl. J. Med, vol.353, pp.1114-1123, 2005.

N. Ruperto, D. J. Lovell, P. Quartier, E. Paz, N. Rubio-pérez et al.,

, Abatacept in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled withdrawal trial, Lancet, vol.372, pp.383-391, 2008.

N. Ruperto, D. J. Lovell, P. Quartier, E. Paz, N. Rubio-pérez et al., al; Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organization and the Pediatric Rheumatology Collaborative Study Group. 2010. Long-term safety and efficacy of abatacept in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, Arthritis Rheum, vol.62, pp.1792-1802

F. Vincenti, G. Blancho, A. Durrbach, P. Friend, J. Grinyo et al., Five-year safety and efficacy of belatacept in renal transplantation, J. Am. Soc. Nephrol, vol.21, pp.1587-1596, 2010.

S. Ville, N. Poirier, J. Branchereau, V. Charpy, S. Pengam et al., Anti-CD28 antibody and belatacept exert differential effects on mechanisms of renal allograft rejection, J. Am. Soc. Nephrol, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-02150329

N. Poirier, G. Blancho, and B. Vanhove, A more selective costimulatory blockade of the CD28-B7 pathway, Transpl. Int, vol.24, pp.2-11, 2011.

N. Poirier, G. Blancho, and B. Vanhove, CD28-specific immunomodulating antibodies: what can be learned from experimental models?, Am. J. Transplant, vol.12, pp.1682-1690, 2012.

S. Ville, N. Poirier, G. Blancho, and B. Vanhove, Co-stimulatory blockade of the CD28/CD80-86/CTLA-4 balance in transplantation: impact on memory T cells?, Front. Immunol, vol.6, p.411, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-02148498

N. Poirier and B. Vanhove, Anti-CD28 therapeutics for the treatment of autoimmune disorders, Drugs Future, vol.41, pp.229-235, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-01885571

L. M. Charbonnier, B. Vokaer, P. H. Lemaître, K. A. Field, O. Leo et al., CTLA4-Ig restores rejection of MHC class-II mismatched allografts by disabling IL-2-expanded regulatory T cells, Am. J. Transplant, vol.12, pp.2313-2321, 2012.

N. Dilek, N. Poirier, P. Hulin, F. Coulon, C. Mary et al., Targeting CD28, CTLA-4 and PD-L1 costimulation differentially controls immune synapses and function of human regulatory and conventional T-cells, PLoS One, vol.8, p.83139, 2013.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-02165637

J. Levitsky, J. Miller, X. Huang, D. Chandrasekaran, L. Chen et al., Inhibitory effects of belatacept on allospecific regulatory T-cell generation in humans, Transplantation, vol.96, pp.689-696, 2013.

C. P. Larsen, T. C. Pearson, A. B. Adams, P. Tso, N. Shirasugi et al., Rational development of LEA29Y (belatacept), a high-affinity variant of CTLA4-Ig with potent immunosuppressive properties, Am. J. Transplant, vol.5, pp.443-453, 2005.

K. G. Haanstra, J. Ringers, E. A. Sick, S. Ramdien-murli, E. M. Kuhn et al., Prevention of kidney allograft rejection using anti-CD40 and anti-CD86 in primates, Transplantation, vol.75, pp.637-643, 2003.

X. X. Zheng, T. G. Markees, W. W. Hancock, Y. Li, D. L. Greiner et al., CTLA4 signals are required to optimally induce allograft tolerance with combined donor-specific transfusion and anti-CD154 monoclonal antibody treatment, J. Immunol, vol.162, pp.4983-4990, 1999.

H. Lin, J. C. Rathmell, G. S. Gray, C. B. Thompson, J. M. Leiden et al., Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4) blockade accelerates the acute rejection of cardiac allografts in CD28-deficient mice: CTLA4 can function independently of CD28, J. Exp. Med, vol.188, pp.199-204, 1998.

B. Vanhove, G. Laflamme, F. Coulon, M. Mougin, P. Vusio et al., Selective blockade of CD28 and not CTLA-4 with a single-chain Fv-alpha1-antitrypsin fusion antibody, Blood, vol.102, pp.564-570, 2003.

T. Zhang, S. Fresnay, E. Welty, N. Sangrampurkar, E. Rybak et al., Selective CD28 blockade attenuates acute and chronic rejection of murine cardiac allografts in a CTLA-4-dependent manner, Am. J. Transplant, vol.11, pp.1599-1609, 2011.

N. Poirier, A. M. Azimzadeh, T. Zhang, N. Dilek, C. Mary et al., Inducing CTLA-4-dependent immune regulation by selective CD28 blockade promotes regulatory T cells in organ transplantation, Sci. Transl. Med, vol.2, pp.17-27, 2010.

N. Poirier, C. Mary, N. Dilek, J. Hervouet, D. Minault et al., Preclinical efficacy and immunological safety of FR104, an antagonist anti-CD28 monovalent Fab9 antibody, Am. J. Transplant, vol.12, pp.2630-2640, 2012.

N. Poirier, N. Dilek, C. Mary, S. Ville, F. Coulon et al., FR104, an antagonist anti-CD28 monovalent fab9 antibody, prevents alloimmunization and allows calcineurin inhibitor minimization in nonhuman primate renal allograft, Am. J. Transplant, vol.15, pp.88-100, 2015.

K. G. Haanstra, K. Dijkman, N. Bashir, J. Bauer, C. Mary et al., Selective blockade of CD28-mediated T cell costimulation protects rhesus monkeys against acute fatal experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, J. Immunol, vol.194, pp.1454-1466, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-02148517

M. P. Vierboom, E. Breedveld, Y. S. Kap, C. Mary, N. Poirier et al., Clinical efficacy of a new CD28-targeting antagonist of T cell co-stimulation in a non-human primate model of collagen-induced arthritis, Clin. Exp. Immunol, vol.183, pp.405-418, 2016.

N. Poirier, M. Chevalier, C. Mary, J. Hervouet, D. Minault et al., Selective CD28 antagonist prevents Aldara-induced skin inflammation in nonhuman primates, Exp. Dermatol, vol.25, pp.233-234, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-02150253

N. Poirier, M. Chevalier, C. Mary, J. Hervouet, D. Minault et al., Selective CD28 antagonist blunts memory immune responses and promotes long-term control of skin inflammation in nonhuman primates, J. Immunol, vol.196, pp.274-283, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-02150299

G. Suntharalingam, M. R. Perry, S. Ward, S. J. Brett, A. Castello-cortes et al., Cytokine storm in a phase 1 trial of the anti-CD28 monoclonal antibody TGN1412, N. Engl. J. Med, vol.355, pp.1018-1028, 2006.

N. Poirier, C. Mary, S. L. Bas-bernardet, V. Daguin, L. Belarif et al., Advantages of Papio anubis for preclinical testing of immunotoxicity of candidate therapeutic antagonist antibodies targeting CD28, MAbs, vol.6, pp.697-707, 2014.

F. L?-uhder, Y. Huang, K. M. Dennehy, C. Guntermann, I. Uller et al., Topological requirements and signaling properties of T cell-activating, anti-CD28 antibody superagonists, J. Exp. Med, vol.197, pp.955-966, 2003.

S. L. Shiao, J. M. Mcniff, T. Masunaga, K. Tamura, K. Kubo et al., Immunomodulatory properties of FK734, a humanized anti-CD28 monoclonal antibody with agonistic and antagonistic activities, Transplantation, vol.83, pp.304-313, 2007.

C. Mary, F. Coulon, N. Poirier, N. Dilek, B. Martinet et al., Antagonist properties of monoclonal antibodies targeting human CD28: role of valency and the heavy-chain constant domain, MAbs, vol.5, pp.47-55, 2013.

J. Nunès, S. Klasen, M. Ragueneau, C. Pavon, D. Couez et al., CD28 mAbs with distinct binding properties differ in their ability to induce T cell activation: analysis of early and late activation events, Int. Immunol, vol.5, pp.311-315, 1993.

D. Duffy, V. Rouilly, V. Libri, M. Hasan, B. Beitz et al., Functional analysis via standardized whole-blood stimulation systems defines the boundaries of a healthy immune response to complex stimuli, Immunity, vol.40, pp.436-450, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-01384537

R. Stebbings, L. Findlay, C. Edwards, D. Eastwood, C. Bird et al., Cytokine storm" in the phase I trial of monoclonal antibody TGN1412: better understanding the causes to improve preclinical testing of immunotherapeutics, J. Immunol, vol.179, pp.3325-3331, 2007.

L. Findlay, D. Eastwood, R. Stebbings, G. Sharp, Y. Mistry et al., Improved in vitro methods to predict the in vivo toxicity in man of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies including TGN1412, J. Immunol. Methods, vol.352, pp.1-12, 2010.

D. Eastwood, L. Findlay, S. Poole, C. Bird, M. Wadhwa et al., Monoclonal antibody TGN1412 trial failure explained by species differences in CD28 expression on CD4+ effector memory T-cells, Br. J. Pharmacol, vol.161, pp.512-526, 2010.

T. Bito, R. Nishikawa, M. Hatakeyama, A. Kikusawa, H. Kanki et al., Influence of neutralizing antibodies to adalimumab and infliximab on the treatment of psoriasis, Br. J. Dermatol, vol.170, pp.922-929, 2014.

V. Mirenda, S. J. Jarmin, R. David, J. Dyson, D. Scott et al., Physiologic and aberrant regulation of memory T-cell trafficking by the costimulatory molecule CD28, Blood, vol.109, pp.2968-2977, 2007.

J. Grinyó, B. Charpentier, J. M. Pestana, Y. Vanrenterghem, F. Vincenti et al., An integrated safety profile analysis of belatacept in kidney transplant recipients, Transplantation, vol.90, pp.1521-1527, 2010.

C. Boulton, K. Meiser, O. J. David, and R. Schmouder, Pharmacodynamic effects of steady-state fingolimod on antibody response in healthy volunteers: a 4-week, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multiple-dose study, J. Clin. Pharmacol, vol.52, pp.1879-1890, 2012.