Week 96 efficacy of lopinavir/ritonavir monotherapy in virologically suppressed patients with HIV: a randomized non-inferiority trial (ANRS 140 DREAM)

Jean-Luc Meynard 1, * Laetitia Moinot 2 Roland Landman 3, 4 Laurence Morand-Joubert 1, 5 Amel Besseghir 2 Sami Kolta 6, 7 Bruno Spire 8, 9, * Eve Todesco 5 Olivier Bouchaud 10 Catherine Fagard 2 Geneviève Chene 2, 11 Pierre-Marie Girard 1, 5
* Corresponding author
1 Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales [CHU Saint-Antoine]
2 BPH - Bordeaux population health
3 Institut de médecine et d'épidémiologie appliquée [AP-HP Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard]
4 IAME - Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution
5 iPLESP - Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique
6 CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153) - Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité
7 Service de rhumatologie [CHU Cochin]
8 SESSTIM - U1252 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - UMR 259 IRD - Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale
9 ORS PACA - Observatoire régional de la santé Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur [Marseille]
10 Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales
11 Pôle de Santé Publique - Service d’information Médicale [CHU de Bordeaux]
Abstract : Background: Sparing of antiretroviral drug classes could reduce the toxicity and cost of maintenance treatment for HIV infection. Objectives: To evaluate the non-inferiority of efficacy and the safety of lopinavir/ritonavir (r) monotherapy versus a single-tablet regimen of efavirenz, emtricitabine and tenofovir (EFV/FTC/TDF) over 2 years. Methods: Adults on stable ART with plasma HIV-1 RNA viral load <50 copies/mL for the past 12 months and no documented treatment failure were randomized to receive either lopinavir/r or EFV/FTC/TDF for 2 years. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients without treatment failure at week 96 (viral load <50 copies/mL at week 96, confirmed at week 98), without study treatment discontinuation, a new AIDS-defining illness, or death. Results: In the ITT analysis, the primary endpoint was reached by, respectively, 64% and 71% of patients in the lopinavir/r (n = 98) and EFV/FTC/TDF arms (n = 97), yielding a difference of -6.8% (lower limit of the 95% two-sided CI: -19.9%). Sanger and UltraDeep sequencing showed the occurrence of PI mutations in the lopinavir/r arm (n = 4) and of NNRTI and/or NRTI mutations in the EFV/FTC/TDF arm (n = 2). No unexpected serious clinical events occurred. Conclusions: Lopinavir/r monotherapy cannot be considered non-inferior to EFV/FTC/TDF. PI resistance rarely emerged in the lopinavir/r arm and did not undermine future PI options. Two years of lopinavir/r monotherapy had no deleterious clinical impact when compared with EFV/FTC/TDF.
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Journal articles
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https://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-02096600
Contributor : Christine Dupuis <>
Submitted on : Thursday, April 11, 2019 - 2:20:16 PM
Last modification on : Saturday, November 9, 2019 - 7:52:12 PM

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INRA | UNIV-PARIS13 | IPLESP | UNIV-PARIS5 | IAME | UNIV-AMU | U1252 | UNIV-PARIS7 | USPC | SORBONNE-UNIVERSITE | SU-MEDECINE

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Jean-Luc Meynard, Laetitia Moinot, Roland Landman, Laurence Morand-Joubert, Amel Besseghir, et al.. Week 96 efficacy of lopinavir/ritonavir monotherapy in virologically suppressed patients with HIV: a randomized non-inferiority trial (ANRS 140 DREAM). Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Oxford University Press (OUP), 2018, 73 (6), pp.1672-1676. ⟨10.1093/jac/dky055⟩. ⟨inserm-02096600⟩

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