Since the era of combined antiretroviral therapy, life expectancy of people living with HIV has been improved and is associated with a change in causes of death. Cancer, both AIDS-defining or non-AIDS-defining cancers, has become the leading cause of death in people living with HIV associated with an increase in the incidence of some cancers compared to the general population. Epidemiology and the identification of risk factors is a crucial issue, particularly to determine the most appropriate prevention and screening strategies in this population. In the absence of dedicated clinical trials, the cancer management in these patients is based on general recommendations, with specific attention to comorbidities and drug interactions. In addition, the development of new innovative therapies such as immunotherapy with inhibitory antibodies of immune checkpoints receptor represents a hope for the patient care, both infected or not with HIV. In this context, the establishment of the national network CancerVIH makes sense, allowing the establishment of multi-disciplinary consultation meetings involving all the practitioners involved in the care of these patients with cancer, as well as the constitution of a national cohort and the promotion of dedicated trials, to improve and optimize the management for these patients.