Jaw osteosarcoma models in mice: first description

Helios Bertin 1, 2, * Romain Guilho 3 Régis Brion 1 Jérôme Amiaud 1 Séverine Battaglia 1 Anne Moreau 4 Anne Brouchet-Gomez 5 Julie Longis 2 Benoît Piot 2 Dominique Heymann 6, 7 Pierre Corre 2, 8 Françoise Rédini 1
* Corresponding author
1 INSERM U1238 - Sarcomes osseux et remodelage des tissus calcifiés - Phy-Os [Nantes]
2 Département de Stomatologie et chirurgie maxillo-faciale [CHU Nantes]
3 Faculty of Population Health Sciences
4 Laboratoire d'anatomie et cytologie pathologiques [CHU Nantes]
5 IUCT Oncopole - UMR 1037 - Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse - Oncopole
6 Laboratoire Hétérogénéité Tumorale et Médecine de Précision
7 Service d'Histologie-Embryologie [CHU Nantes]
8 LIOAD - Laboratoire d'ingénierie osteo-articulaire et dentaire
Abstract : BACKGROUND: Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common cancer of bone. Jaw osteosarcoma (JOS) is rare and it differs from other OS in terms of the time of occurrence (two decades later) and better survival. The aim of our work was to develop and characterize specific mouse models of JOS. METHODS: Syngenic and xenogenic models of JOS were developed in mice using mouse (MOS-J) and human (HOS1544) osteosarcoma cell lines, respectively. An orthotopic patient-derived xenograft model (PDX) was also developed from a mandibular biopsy. These models were characterized at the histological and micro-CT imaging levels, as well as in terms of tumor growth and metastatic spread. RESULTS: Homogeneous tumor growth was observed in both the HOS1544 and the MOS-J JOS models by injection of 0.25 × 106 and 0.50 × 106 tumor cells, respectively, at perimandibular sites. Histological characterization of the tumors revealed features consistent with high grade conventional osteosarcoma, and the micro-CT analysis revealed both osteogenic and osteolytic lesions. Early metastasis was encountered at day 14 in the xenogenic model, while there were no metastatic lesions in the syngenic model and in the PDX models. CONCLUSION: We describe the first animal model of JOS and its potential use for therapeutic applications. This model needs to be compared with the usual long-bone osteosarcoma models to investigate potential differences in the bone microenvironment.
Keywords : Animal experimentation Bone resorption Environment Mandible Models Sarcoma
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Helios Bertin, Romain Guilho, Régis Brion, Jérôme Amiaud, Séverine Battaglia, et al.. Jaw osteosarcoma models in mice: first description. Journal of Translational Medicine, BioMed Central, 2019, 17 (1), pp.56. ⟨10.1186/s12967-019-1807-5⟩. ⟨inserm-02053605⟩

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