, UNAIDS. Political Declaration on HIV and AIDS: Intensifying Our Efforts to Eliminate HIV and AIDS, 2011.

, UN_ARES-65-277_en.pdf), 2016.

, 15 BY 15"-A global target achieved, 2015.

, UNAIDS. Global AIDS Update, 2016.

. World-health-organization, Consolidated Guidelines on the Use of Antiretroviral Drugs for Treating and Preventing HIV Infection What's New, 2015.

, UNAIDS. On the Fast-Track to end AIDS, 2016.

M. Meresse, L. March, and C. Kouanfack, Patterns of adherence to antiretroviral therapy and HIV drug resistance over time in the Stratall ANRS 12110/ESTHER trial in Cameroon: Adherence to ART and HIV resistance in Cameroon, HIV Med, vol.15, pp.478-487, 2014.

E. Guichet, A. Aghokeng, and L. Serrano, High viral load and multidrug resistance due to late switch to second-line in Sub-Saharan Africa, AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses, vol.32, pp.1159-1162, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01864930

E. J. Schouten, A. Jahn, and A. Ben-smith, Antiretroviral drug supply challenges in the era of scaling up ART in Malawi, J Int AIDS Soc, issue.1, p.4, 2011.

E. J. Mills, C. Bakanda, and J. Birungi, Life expectancy of persons receiving combination antiretroviral therapy in lowincome countries: a cohort analysis from Uganda, Ann Intern Med, vol.155, pp.209-216, 2011.

Z. El-khatib, A. M. Ekstrom, and A. Coovadia, Adherence and virologic suppression during the first 24 weeks on antiretroviral therapy among women in Johannesburg, South Africa-a prospective cohort study, BMC Public Health, issue.11, p.88, 2011.

J. Parienti, M. Das-douglas, and V. Massari, Not all missed doses are the same: sustained NNRTI treatment interruptions predict HIV rebound at low-to-moderate adherence levels, PLoS ONE, vol.3, p.2783, 2008.

J. E. Haberer, N. Musinguzi, and Y. Boum, Duration of antiretroviral therapy adherence interruption is associated with risk of virologic rebound as determined by real time adherence monitoring in rural Uganda, J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, vol.70, pp.386-392, 2015.

M. Meresse, M. P. Carrieri, and C. Laurent, Time patterns of adherence and long-term virological response to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor regimens in the Stratall ANRS 12110/ESTHER trial in Cameroon, Antivir Ther, vol.18, pp.29-37, 2013.

E. J. Mills, J. B. Nachega, and D. R. Bangsberg, Adherence to HAART: a systematic review of developed and developing nation patient-reported barriers and facilitators, PLoS Med, vol.3, p.438, 2006.

M. A. Chesney, Factors affecting adherence to antiretroviral therapy, Clin Infect Dis, issue.2, pp.171-176, 2000.

F. Marcellin, S. Boyer, and C. Protopopescu, Determinants of unplanned antiretroviral treatment interruptions among people living with HIV in Yaound e, Cameroon (EVAL survey, ANRS 12116), Trop Med Int Health, vol.13, pp.1470-1478, 2008.

S. Boyer, I. Clerc, C. R. Bonono, F. Marcellin, P. C. Bile et al., Non-adherence to antiretroviral treatment and unplanned treatment interruption among people living with HIV/AIDS in Cameroon: Individual and healthcare supply-related factors, Soc Sci Med, vol.72, pp.1383-1392, 2011.

|. Cameroon and . Unaids, , p.19

C. and U. , Rapport national de suivi de la d eclaration politique sur le VIH/SIDA Cameroun, 2014.

, Rapport analyse financi ere de la r eponse au VIH au Cameroun, CNLS. Rapport annuel 2014 des activit es de lutte contre le VIH/SIDA et les IST au Cameroun, 2007.

S. Boyer, F. Eboko, and M. Camara, Scaling up access to antiretroviral treatment for HIV infection: the impact of decentralization of healthcare delivery in Cameroon, AIDS, vol.2010, issue.1, pp.5-15

J. H. Oyugi, J. Byakika-tusiime, and K. Ragland, Treatment interruptions predict resistance in HIV-positive individuals purchasing fixed-dose combination antiretroviral therapy in Kampala, AIDS, vol.21, pp.965-971, 2007.

J. A. Denison, O. Koole, and S. Tsui, Incomplete adherence among treatment-experienced adults on antiretroviral therapy in Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia, AIDS, vol.2015, pp.361-371

J. J. Parienti, M. Das-douglas, and V. Massari, Not all missed doses are the same: sustained NNRTI treatment interruptions predict HIV rebound at low-to-moderate adherence levels, PLoS ONE, vol.3, p.2783, 2008.

J. Ware, M. Kosinski, and S. D. Keller, A 12 Item Short-Form Health Survey: construction of scales and preliminary tests of reliability and validity, Med Care, vol.34, pp.220-233, 1996.

B. E. Berger, C. E. Ferrans, and F. R. Lashley, Measuring stigma in people with HIV: Psychometric assessment of the HIV stigma scale ¶, Res Nurs Health, vol.24, pp.518-529, 2001.

N. Rice and A. Jones, Multilevel models and health economics, Health Econ, vol.6, pp.561-575, 1997.

, Multilevel Analysis: Techniques and Applications J. Hox, 2002.

J. Fokam, J. Elat, and S. C. Billong, Monitoring HIV drug resistance early warning indicators in Cameroon: a study following the revised World Health Organization recommendations, PLoS ONE, issue.10, p.129210, 2015.

S. Diabat-e, M. Alary, and C. K. Koffi, Determinants of adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy among HIV1 infected patients in C^ ote d'Ivoire, AIDS, vol.21, pp.1799-1803, 2007.

A. Eholi-e-s-p,-tanon and S. Polneau, Field adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected adults in Abidjan, C^ ote d'Ivoire, J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, vol.45, pp.355-358, 2007.

A. Pasquet, E. Messou, and D. Gabillard, Impact of drug stock-outs on death and retention to care among HIVinfected patients on combination antiretroviral therapy in Abidjan, C^ ote d'Ivoire, PLoS ONE, p.13414, 2010.

J. J. Van-oosterhout, N. Bodasing, and J. J. Kumwenda, Evaluation of antiretroviral therapy results in a resource-poor setting in, Trop Med Int Health, vol.10, pp.464-470, 2005.

A. T. Mori and J. Owenya, Stock-outs of antiretroviral drugs and coping strategies used to prevent changes in treatment regimens in Kinondoni District, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study, J Pharm Policy Pract, vol.7, p.3, 2014.

, M edecins sans Fronti eres. Empty Shelves-Come Back Tomorrow, 2015.

K. Kranzer and N. Ford, Unstructured treatment interruption of antiretroviral therapy in clinical practice: a systematic review, Trop Med Int Health, vol.16, pp.1297-1313, 2011.

M. Suzan-monti, J. Blanche, and . Bil-e-p, Individual and structural factors associated with HIV status disclosure to main partner in Cameroon: ANRS 12-116 EVAL survey, J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, issue.1, pp.22-26, 2006.

I. T. Katz, A. E. Ryu, and A. G. Onuegbu, Impact of HIVrelated stigma on treatment adherence: systematic review and meta-synthesis, J Int AIDS Soc, vol.2013, issue.3, p.18640

N. Langebeek, E. H. Gisolf, and P. Reiss, Predictors and correlates of adherence to combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) for chronic HIV infection: a meta-analysis, BMC Med, vol.12, p.142, 2014.

L. Muhamadi, N. M. Tumwesigye, and D. Kadobera, Lack of preantiretroviral care and competition from traditional healers, crucial risk factors for very late initiation of antiretroviral therapy for HIV-a case-control study from eastern Uganda, Pan Afr Med J, p.40, 2011.

D. Maqutu, T. Zewotir, D. North, K. Naidoo, and A. Grobler, Determinants of optimal adherence over time to antiretroviral therapy amongst HIV positive adults in South Africa: a longitudinal study, AIDS Behav, vol.15, pp.1465-1474, 2011.

T. E. Flickinger, S. Saha, R. D. Moore, and M. C. Beach, Higher quality communication and relationships are associated with improved patient engagement in HIV care, J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, vol.63, pp.362-366, 2013.

J. Wachira, S. Middlestadt, M. Reece, C. Peng, and P. Braitstein, Physician communication behaviors from the perspective of adult HIV patients in Kenya, Int J Qual Health Care, vol.26, pp.190-197, 2014.

A. K. Ketema, S. Weret, and Z. , Assessment of adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy and associated factors among people living with HIV at Debrebrihan Referral Hospital and Health Center, HIV AIDS, vol.7, pp.75-81, 2015.

P. Carrieri, V. Cailleton, L. Moing, and V. , The dynamic of adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy: results from the French National APROCO cohort, J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, vol.28, pp.232-239, 2001.

M. Camara, D. 'almeida, C. Orsi, F. Coriat, and B. , Procurement policies, governance models and availability of ARVs in some African Francophone Countries: an overview, The Political Economy of HIV/AIDS in Developing Countries

. Corresponding-author-marie-suzan-monti, INSERM U912-SESSTIM, M editerran ee Infection-IHU, 19-21 Bd Jean Moulin, 13005