Failure to maintain long-term adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy: the role of lipodystrophy, AIDS, vol.15, issue.18, pp.2441-2445, 2001. ,
DOI : 10.1097/00002030-200112070-00012
Longitudinal Evaluation and Risk Factors of Lipodystrophy and Associated Metabolic Changes in HIV-Infected Children, JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, vol.40, issue.2, pp.161-169, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1097/01.qai.0000178930.93033.f2
Body Fat Abnormality in HIV-Infected Children and Adolescents Living in Europe, JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, vol.59, issue.3, pp.314-338, 2012. ,
DOI : 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31824330cb
Increased Lipodystrophy Is Associated With Increased Exposure to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Infected Children, JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, vol.32, issue.5, pp.482-491, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1097/00126334-200304150-00003
Natural History of Lipid Abnormalities and Fat Redistribution Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Children Receiving Long-Term, Protease Inhibitor-Containing, Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Regimens, PEDIATRICS, vol.114, issue.2, pp.235-277, 2004. ,
DOI : 10.1542/peds.114.2.e235
URL : http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/pediatrics/114/2/e235.full.pdf
Clinical and metabolic presentation of the lipodystrophic syndrome in HIV-infected children, AIDS, vol.14, issue.14, pp.2123-2131, 2000. ,
DOI : 10.1097/00002030-200009290-00008
Antiretroviral therapy, fat redistribution and hyperlipidaemia in HIV-infected children in Europe, AIDS, vol.18, issue.10, pp.1443-51, 2004. ,
Lipodystrophy in HIV-Infected Children Is Associated With High Viral Load and Low CD4+-Lymphocyte Count and CD4+-Lymphocyte Percentage at Baseline and Use of Protease Inhibitors and Stavudine, Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, vol.27, issue.1, pp.30-34, 2001. ,
DOI : 10.1097/00042560-200105010-00005
Prevalence of lipodystrophy in HIV-infected children: a cross-sectional study, European Journal of Pediatrics, vol.3, issue.2, pp.13-21, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1097/00126334-200207010-00004
Detection of Lipoatrophy in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1-Infected Children Treated With Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy, The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, vol.25, issue.5, pp.427-458, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1097/01.inf.0000215003.32256.aa
HIV lipodystrophy etiology and pathogenesis. Body composition and metabolic alterations: etiology and pathogenesis, AIDS Read, vol.13, issue.4, pp.5-9, 2003. ,
Metabolic abnormalities and use of HIV-1 protease inhibitors, The Lancet, vol.352, issue.9130, pp.821-823, 1998. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)60719-2
Lipodystrophy among HIV-infected children and adolescents on highly active antiretroviral therapy in Uganda: a cross sectional study, Journal of the International AIDS Society, vol.10, issue.2, p.17427, 2012. ,
DOI : 10.14310/horm.2002.1305
URL : http://doi.org/10.7448/ias.15.2.17427
Genetic polymorphisms differently influencing the emergence of atrophy and fat accumulation in HIV-related lipodystrophy, AIDS, vol.22, issue.14, pp.1769-78, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32830b3a96
Prevalence of Lipodystrophy in HIV-infected Children in Tanzania on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy, The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, vol.32, issue.1, pp.39-44, 2013. ,
DOI : 10.1097/INF.0b013e3182755a34
High prevalence of lipoatrophy in pre-pubertal South African children on antiretroviral therapy: a cross-sectional study, BMC Pediatrics, vol.10, issue.4, p.183, 2012. ,
DOI : 10.1128/AAC.45.3.758-763.2001
, Antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection in adults and adolescents. Recommendations for a public health approach, WHO Geneva: World Health, 2006.
, UNAIDS. Country factsheets Senegal. 2016 [cited 2018 05/05, 2018.
Risk Factors for Growth Retardation in HIV-infected Senegalese Children on Antiretroviral Treatment, The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, vol.36, issue.4, pp.87-92, 2017. ,
DOI : 10.1097/INF.0000000000001454
, ) and macros, WHO. Child growth standards: WHO Anthro (version 3.2.2, 2006.
, Growth reference 5?19 years: WHO Anthro Plus software and macros, WHO, vol.30, 2007.
An objective case definition of lipodystrophy in HIV-infected adults: a case-control study, The Lancet, vol.361, issue.9359, pp.726-761, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12656-6
Growth at adolescence. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific, 1962. ,
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Treatment???Induced Adipose Tissue Pathology and Lipoatrophy: Prevalence and Metabolic Consequences, Clinical Infectious Diseases, vol.51, issue.5, pp.591-600, 2010. ,
DOI : 10.1086/655765
Contribution of nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors to subcutaneous fat wasting in patients with HIV infection, AIDS, vol.14, issue.10, pp.1309-1325, 2000. ,
DOI : 10.1097/00002030-200007070-00002
Systematic review of clinical trials evaluating low doses of stavudine as part of antiretroviral treatment, Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, vol.367, issue.5, pp.679-88, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68580-2
, Consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection. Recommendations for a public health approach, WHO, 2013.
Abacavir, zidovudine, or stavudine as paediatric tablets for African HIV-infected children (CHAPAS-3): an open-label, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial, The Lancet Infectious Diseases, vol.16, issue.2, 2015. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00319-9
, Antiretroviral medicines in low-and middle-income countries: forecasts of global and regional demand for 2013?2016, WHO Geneva: World Health, 2014.
Systematic Review of Antiretroviral-Associated Lipodystrophy: Lipoatrophy, but Not Central Fat Gain, Is an Antiretroviral Adverse Drug Reaction, PLoS ONE, vol.54, issue.5, p.63623, 2013. ,
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0063623.s002
Prevalence of Lipodystrophy and Metabolic Abnormalities in HIV-infected African Children after 3 Years on First-line Antiretroviral Therapy, The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, vol.34, issue.2, pp.23-31, 2015. ,
DOI : 10.1097/INF.0000000000000491
Recovery From Lipodystrophy in HIV???infected Children After Substitution of Stavudine With Zidovudine in a Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor???based Antiretroviral Therapy, The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, vol.31, issue.4, pp.384-392, 2012. ,
DOI : 10.1097/INF.0b013e31823f0e11
Lipodystrophy and reversal of facial lipoatrophy in perinatally HIV-infected children and adolescents after discontinuation of stavudine, International Journal of STD & AIDS, vol.12, issue.7, pp.497-501, 2012. ,
DOI : 10.1086/650003
Pathogenesis of HIV-1-protease inhibitor-associated peripheral lipodystrophy, hyperlipidaemia, and insulin resistance, The Lancet, vol.351, issue.9119, pp.1881-1884, 1998. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(98)03391-1
Subcutaneous adipocyte apoptosis in HIV-1 protease inhibitor-associated lipodystrophy, AIDS, vol.13, issue.16, pp.2261-2268, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1097/00002030-199911120-00008
Longitudinal increases in waist circumference are associated with HIV-serostatus, independent of antiretroviral therapy, AIDS, vol.21, issue.13, pp.1731-1739, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1097/QAD.0b013e328270356a
Tolerability and Safety of HIV Protease Inhibitors in Adults, JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, vol.37, issue.1, pp.1111-1135, 2004. ,
DOI : 10.1097/01.qai.0000138420.38995.86
Metabolic abnormalities and body composition of HIV-infected children on Lopinavir or Nevirapine-based antiretroviral therapy, Archives of Disease in Childhood, vol.98, issue.4, pp.258-64, 2013. ,
DOI : 10.1136/archdischild-2012-302633
Conclusions, Public Health Nutrition, vol.23, issue.07, pp.1255-61, 2014. ,
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2012.03026.x
Abnormalities in body composition and nutritional status in HIV-infected children and adolescents on antiretroviral therapy, International Journal of STD & AIDS, vol.12, issue.8, pp.453-459, 2011. ,
DOI : 10.1038/oby.2009.433
Evaluation of a Nutritional Support Intervention in Malnourished HIV-Infected Children in Bamako, Mali, JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, vol.76, issue.2, pp.149-57, 2017. ,
DOI : 10.1097/QAI.0000000000001484
Acceptability of Outpatient Ready-To-Use Food-Based Protocols in HIV-Infected Senegalese Children and Adolescents Within the MAGGSEN Cohort Study, Food and Nutrition Bulletin, vol.38, issue.1, pp.27-36, 2017. ,
DOI : 10.4236/ojped.2013.34061
Anthropometric and Micronutrient Status of School-Children in an Urban West Africa Setting: A Cross-Sectional Study in Dakar (Senegal), PLoS ONE, vol.372, issue.12, p.84328, 2013. ,
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0084328.t002
Lipodystrophy and metabolic changes in HIV-infected children on non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy, Antivir Ther, vol.12, issue.8, pp.1247-54, 2007. ,
Body composition of reference children from birth to age 10 years, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol.35, issue.5, pp.1169-75, 1982. ,
DOI : 10.1093/ajcn/35.5.1169
Body composition during adolescence, in Body composition measurements in infants and children - Report of the 98th Ross Conference on Pediatric Research. Colombus Ohio: Ross Laboratories, pp.76-82, 1989. ,
Metabolic complications of HIV therapy in children, AIDS, vol.18, issue.13, pp.1753-68, 2004. ,
DOI : 10.1097/00002030-200409030-00004
High Prevalence of Dyslipidemia and Insulin Resistance in HIV-infected Prepubertal African Children on Antiretroviral Therapy, Pediatr Infect Dis J, vol.35, issue.1, pp.1-7, 2016. ,