G. From-abbvie, J. Sciences, . Abbvie, G. Bristol-myers-squibb, . Sciences et al., SSL has received grant support and has provided consulting for Pendopharm and Roche, and has participated in a speakers bureau for AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Merck and Pendopharm. PB has participated in a speakers' bureau or advisory board for AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Falk, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Merz Pharma and MSD. AH has no conflicts of interest to disclose. EL has received grant support from AbbVie Santaris Pharmaceuticals, Tacere and Theravance, has acted as a consultant for AbbVie, Achillion Pharmaceuticals, Santaris Pharmaceuticals, Regulus, and Theravance, and has participated in sponsored lectures for AbbVie and WJ are employees of Janssen and may be shareholders of Johnson & Johnson. Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Author details 1

R. 1. Fried, M. Buti, M. Dore, G. Flisiak, R. Ferenci et al., Once-daily simeprevir (TMC435) with pegylated interferon and ribavirin in treatment-na??ve genotype 1 hepatitis C: The randomized PILLAR study, Hepatology, vol.50, issue.Suppl 1, pp.1918-1947, 2013.
DOI : 10.1002/hep.25743

C. Moreno, T. Berg, T. Tanwandee, S. Thongsawat, H. Van-vlierberghe et al., Antiviral activity of TMC435 monotherapy in patients infected with HCV genotypes 2???6: TMC435-C202, a phase IIa, open-label study, Journal of Hepatology, vol.56, issue.6, pp.1247-53, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jhep.2011.12.033

H. Reesink, G. Fanning, K. Farha, C. Weegink, V. Vliet et al., Rapid HCV-RNA Decline With Once Daily TMC435: A Phase I Study in Healthy Volunteers and Hepatitis C Patients, Gastroenterology, vol.138, issue.3, pp.913-934, 2010.
DOI : 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.10.033

S. Zeuzem, T. Berg, E. Gane, P. Ferenci, G. Foster et al., Simeprevir Increases Rate of Sustained Virologic Response Among Treatment-Experienced Patients With HCV Genotype-1 Infection: A Phase IIb Trial, Gastroenterology, vol.146, issue.2, pp.430-471, 2014.
DOI : 10.1053/j.gastro.2013.10.058

J. International and N. , Olysio 150 mg hard capsules. Summary of product characteristics, 2017.

J. Research and &. Development, Olysio? (simeprevir) US prescribing information 2017, 2017.

B. Simmons, J. Saleem, K. Heath, G. Cooke, and A. Hill, Long-Term Treatment Outcomes of Patients Infected With Hepatitis C Virus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Survival Benefit of Achieving a Sustained Virological Response, Clinical Infectious Diseases, vol.20, issue.suppl 1, pp.730-770, 2015.
DOI : 10.1136/bmj.h998

C. Sarrazin, The importance of resistance to direct antiviral drugs in HCV infection in clinical practice, Journal of Hepatology, vol.64, issue.2, pp.486-504, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jhep.2015.09.011

O. Lenz, T. Verbinnen, B. Fevery, L. Tambuyzer, L. Vijgen et al., Virology analyses of HCV isolates from genotype 1-infected patients treated with simeprevir plus peginterferon/ribavirin in Phase IIb/III studies, Journal of Hepatology, vol.62, issue.5, pp.1008-1022, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jhep.2014.11.032

D. Wyles, A. Mangia, W. Cheng, S. Shafran, C. Schwabe et al., Long-term persistence of HCV NS5A resistance-associated substitutions after treatment with the HCV NS5A inhibitor, ledipasvir, without sofosbuvir, Antiviral therapy
DOI : 10.3851/IMP3181

I. Jacobson, G. Dore, G. Foster, M. Fried, M. Radu et al., Simeprevir with pegylated interferon alfa 2a plus ribavirin in treatment-naive patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection (QUEST-1): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, The Lancet, vol.384, issue.9941, pp.403-416, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60494-3

M. Manns, P. Marcellin, F. Poordad, E. De-araujo, M. Buti et al., Simeprevir with pegylated interferon alfa 2a or 2b plus ribavirin in treatment-naive patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection (QUEST-2): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial, The Lancet, vol.384, issue.9941, pp.414-440, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60538-9

X. Forns, E. Lawitz, S. Zeuzem, E. Gane, J. Bronowicki et al., Simeprevir With Peginterferon and Ribavirin Leads to High Rates of??SVR in Patients With HCV Genotype 1 Who Relapsed After Previous??Therapy: A Phase 3 Trial, Gastroenterology, vol.146, issue.7, pp.1669-79, 2014.
DOI : 10.1053/j.gastro.2014.02.051

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01699546

T. Verbinnen, B. Fevery, L. Vijgen, T. Jacobs, D. Meyer et al., ABSTRACT, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, vol.59, issue.12, pp.7548-57, 2015.
DOI : 10.1128/AAC.01444-15

K. Reddy, S. Pol, P. Thuluvath, H. Kumada, J. Toyota et al., Long-term follow-up of patients with chronic HCV infection treated with daclatasvir-based regimens in phase 2 and 3 studies, Hepatology, vol.64, p.434, 2016.

K. Sherman, M. Sulkowski, F. Zoulim, A. Alberti, L. Wei et al., Follow-up of SVR durability and viral resistance in patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with telaprevir-based regimens: interim analysis from the EXTEND study, Hepatology, vol.54, pp.485-491, 2011.

A. Muir, M. Buti, R. Nahass, K. Agarwal, E. Gane et al., Long-term follow-up of patients with chronic HCV infection and compensated or decompensated cirrhosis following treatment with sofosbuvir-based regimens, Hepatology, vol.64, p.437, 2016.

E. Lawitz, P. Ruane, C. Stedman, G. Foster, R. Hyland et al., Long-Term Follow-Up of Patients with Chronic HCV Infection following Treatment with Direct Acting Antiviral Regimens: Maintenance of SVR, Persistence of Resistance Mutations and Clinical Outcomes, Journal of Hepatology, vol.64, issue.2, pp.612-615, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/S0168-8278(16)01134-X

K. Rutter, H. Hofer, S. Beinhardt, M. Dulic, M. Gschwantler et al., Durability of SVR in chronic hepatitis C patients treated with peginterferon-??2a/ribavirin in combination with a direct-acting anti-viral, Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, vol.58, issue.Suppl. 1, pp.118-141, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/S0168-8278(13)60898-3

J. Sullivan, D. Meyer, S. Bartels, D. Dierynck, I. Zhang et al., Evolution of Treatment-Emergent Resistant Variants in Telaprevir Phase 3 Clinical Trials, Clinical Infectious Diseases, vol.87, issue.2, pp.221-230, 2013.
DOI : 10.1128/JVI.02294-12

J. Pawlotsky, Hepatitis C Virus Resistance to Direct-Acting Antiviral Drugs in??Interferon-Free Regimens, Gastroenterology, vol.151, issue.1, pp.70-86, 2016.
DOI : 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.04.003

B. Fevery, L. Vijgen, V. Van-eygen, W. Jessner, C. Corbett et al., Consistent Simeprevir Resistance Profile in Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1-Infected Patients Failing Simeprevir Interferon-Free Compared with Interferon-Containing Regimens, Journal of Hepatology, vol.64, issue.2, p.399, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/S0168-8278(16)00627-9

N. Morishita, N. Hiramatsu, T. Oze, A. Urabe, Y. Tahata et al., Ultra-deep sequencing analysis of resistance-associated variants during retreatment with simeprevir-based triple therapy after failure of telaprevir-based triple therapy in patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C virus infection, Hepatology Research, vol.22, issue.Suppl S1, pp.773-82, 2016.
DOI : 10.1111/jvh.12427

C. Hézode, S. Chevaliez, G. Scoazec, A. Soulier, A. Varaut et al., Retreatment with sofosbuvir and simeprevir of patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 or 4 who previously failed a daclatasvir-containing regimen, Hepatology, vol.62, issue.Suppl. 2, pp.1809-1825, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/S0168-8278(15)30976-4

M. Bourlière, S. Gordon, A. Ramji, N. Ravendhran, T. Tran et al., Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir for 12 weeks as a salvage regimen in NS5A inhibitor-experienced patients with genotype 1-6 infection: the phase 3 POLARIS-1 study, Hepatology, vol.64, pp.102-105, 2016.

R. Waziry, B. Hajarizadeh, J. Grebely, J. Amin, M. Law et al., No evidence for higher risk of hepatocellular carcinoma occurrence or recurrence following direct-acting antiviral HCV therapy: a systematic review, meta-analyses, and meta-regression, Journal of Hepatology, vol.66, issue.1, p.12, 2017.
DOI : 10.1016/S0168-8278(17)30286-6