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Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Chikungunya: Description of All Cases Diagnosed during the 2014 Outbreak in the French West Indies

Stephanie Balavoine 1 Mathilde Pircher 2 Bruno Hoen 1, 3, 4 Cecile Herrmann-Storck 5 Fatiha Najioullah 6 Benjamin Madeux 7 Aissatou Signate 8 Ruddy Valentino 9 Annie Lannuzel 10, 11, 4 Magali Saint Louis 12 Sylvie Cassadou 13 André Cabié 2, 3, 4 Kinda Schepers 1
1 Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [Point-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe]
2 Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [Fort-de-France, Martinique]
3 CIC - Antilles Guyane - Centre d'investigation clinique Antilles-Guyane
4 UA UFR SM - Université des Antilles - UFR des sciences médicales Hyacinthe Bastaraud
5 Laboratoire de virologie [Point-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe]
6 Laboratoire de Virologie [Fort-de-France, Martinique]
7 Service de réanimation [Point-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe]
8 Service de neurologie [Fort-de-France, Martinique]
9 Service de réanimation [Fort-de-France, Martinique]
10 ICM - Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute
11 Service de Neurologie [Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe]
12 Service de Soins de Suite et Réadaptation [Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe]
13 Santé publique France
Abstract : The Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) has been reported as a possible complication of acute chikungunya infection. The chikungunya epidemics, which occurred in Martinique and Guadeloupe in 2014, affected 308,000 people in these two islands. GBS occurred during or immediately after acute chikungunya infection in 13 patients (10 men, three women; mean age: 61 years). Median time from acute chikungunya to GBS onset was 9 days. Twelve patients were treated with intravenous polyvalent immunoglobulins, nine of whom improved within 7 days. Five of 13 patients required mechanical ventilation. Two patients with severe GBS died. At 6 months of follow-up, 7/13 achieved a good functional recovery with no or minor residual symptoms. A 2-fold increase in incidence was observed during the year of chikungunya outbreak. This study supports prior reports suggesting that GBS may be a complication of chikungunya.
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Submitted on : Monday, August 7, 2017 - 4:26:37 PM
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Stephanie Balavoine, Mathilde Pircher, Bruno Hoen, Cecile Herrmann-Storck, Fatiha Najioullah, et al.. Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Chikungunya: Description of All Cases Diagnosed during the 2014 Outbreak in the French West Indies. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2017, 97 (2), pp.356 - 360. ⟨10.4269/ajtmh.15-0753⟩. ⟨inserm-01572511⟩

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