J. Morley, B. Vellas, and G. Van-kan, Frailty Consensus: A Call to Action, Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, vol.14, issue.6, pp.392-399, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jamda.2013.03.022

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4084863

A. Clegg, S. Barber, and J. Young, The Home-based Older People's Exercise (HOPE) trial: a pilot randomised controlled trial of a home-based exercise intervention for older people with frailty, Age and Ageing, vol.43, issue.5, pp.687-95, 2014.
DOI : 10.1093/ageing/afu033

T. Dorner, C. Lackinger, and S. Haider, Nutritional intervention and physical training in malnourished frail community-dwelling elderly persons carried out by trained lay ???buddies???: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial, BMC Public Health, vol.20, issue.5, p.1232, 2013.
DOI : 10.1007/BF03325155

N. Tavassoli, S. Guyonnet, A. Van-kan, and G. , Description of 1,108 older patients referred by their physician to the ???Geriatric Frailty Clinic (G.F.C) for assessment of frailty and prevention of disability??? at the gerontopole, The journal of nutrition, health & aging, vol.190, issue.5, pp.457-64, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2005.07.001

L. Fried, C. Tangen, and J. Walston, Frailty in Older Adults: Evidence for a Phenotype, The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol.56, issue.3, pp.146-56, 2001.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/56.3.M146

E. Kelaiditi, G. Van-kan, and M. Cesari, Frailty, Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, vol.17, issue.1, pp.32-41, 2014.
DOI : 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000008

P. Brown, S. Roose, and R. Fieo, Frailty and Depression in Older Adults: A High-Risk Clinical Population, The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, vol.22, issue.11, pp.1083-95, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jagp.2013.04.010

D. Robertson, G. Savva, and R. Kenny, Frailty and cognitive impairment???A review of the evidence and causal mechanisms, Ageing Research Reviews, vol.12, issue.4, pp.840-51, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.arr.2013.06.004

T. Malmstrom and J. Morley, Frailty and cognition: Linking two common syndromes in older persons, The journal of nutrition, health & aging, vol.9, issue.9, pp.723-728, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jamda.2007.09.007

F. Panza, V. Solfrizzi, and V. Frisardi, Different models of frailty in predementia and dementia syndromes, The journal of nutrition, health & aging, vol.336, issue.8, pp.711-720, 2011.
DOI : 10.1136/bmj.39433.616678.25

M. Canevelli, F. Troili, and G. Bruno, Reasoning about frailty in neurology: neurobiological correlates and clinical perspectives, J Frailty Aging, vol.3, issue.1, pp.18-20, 2014.

J. Hausdorff and A. Buchman, What Links Gait Speed and MCI With Dementia? A Fresh Look at the Association Between Motor and Cognitive Function, The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol.68, issue.4, pp.409-420, 2013.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/glt002

J. Verghese, C. Annweiler, and E. Ayers, Motoric cognitive risk syndrome: Multicountry prevalence and dementia risk, Neurology, vol.83, issue.8, pp.718-744, 2014.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.0000000000000717

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4150127

R. Camicioli, D. Howieson, and B. Oken, Motor slowing precedes cognitive impairment in the oldest old, Neurology, vol.50, issue.5, pp.1496-1504, 1998.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.50.5.1496

A. Paganini-hill, L. Clark, and V. Henderson, Clock Drawing: Analysis in a Retirement Community, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.21, issue.7, pp.941-948, 2001.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1999.tb07445.x

F. Panza, D. Introno, A. Colacicco, and A. , Cognitive frailty: Predementia syndrome and vascular risk factors, Neurobiology of Aging, vol.27, issue.7, pp.933-973, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2005.05.008

A. Pilotto, F. Rengo, and N. Marchionni, Comparing the Prognostic Accuracy for All-Cause Mortality of Frailty Instruments: A Multicentre 1-Year Follow-Up in Hospitalized Older Patients, PLoS ONE, vol.39, issue.1, p.29090, 2012.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0029090.s001

E. Kelaiditi, M. Cesari, and M. Canevelli, Cognitive frailty: Rational and definition from an (I.A.N.A./I.A.G.G.) International Consensus Group, The journal of nutrition, health & aging, vol.6, issue.3, pp.726-760, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jalz.2010.03.006

T. Malmstrom and J. Morley, The Frail Brain, Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, vol.14, issue.7, pp.453-458, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jamda.2013.04.010

F. Langlois, T. Vu, and M. Kergoat, The multiple dimensions of frailty: physical capacity, cognition, and quality of life, International Psychogeriatrics, vol.8, issue.09, pp.1429-1465, 2012.
DOI : 10.1002/mds.21720

K. Rockwood, X. Song, and C. Macknight, A global clinical measure of fitness and frailty in elderly people, Canadian Medical Association Journal, vol.173, issue.5, pp.489-95, 2005.
DOI : 10.1503/cmaj.050051

K. Rockwood and A. Mitnitski, Frailty in Relation to the Accumulation of Deficits, The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol.62, issue.7, pp.722-729, 2007.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/62.7.722

S. Searle, A. Mitnitski, and E. Gahbauer, A standard procedure for creating a frailty index, BMC Geriatrics, vol.298, issue.17, p.24, 2008.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.298.17.2028

M. Houles, M. Canevelli, A. Van-kan, and G. , Frailty and cognition, J Frailty Aging, vol.1, issue.2, pp.56-63, 2012.

J. Avila-funes, H. Amieva, and P. Barberger-gateau, Cognitive Impairment Improves the Predictive Validity of the Phenotype of Frailty for Adverse Health Outcomes: The Three-City Study, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.53, issue.230, pp.453-61, 2009.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/60.8.1017

M. Raji, A. Snih, S. Ostir, and G. , Cognitive Status and Future Risk of Frailty in Older Mexican Americans, The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol.65, issue.11, pp.1228-1262, 2010.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/glq121

R. Shah, The Role of Nutrition and Diet in Alzheimer Disease: A Systematic Review, Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, vol.14, issue.6, pp.398-402, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jamda.2013.01.014

S. Sternberg, W. Schwartz, A. Karunananthan, and S. , The Identification of Frailty: A Systematic Literature Review, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.54, issue.Suppl 2, pp.2129-2167, 2011.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2006.00829.x

E. Dent, P. Kowal, and E. Hoogendijk, Frailty measurement in research and clinical practice: A review, European Journal of Internal Medicine, vol.31, pp.3-10, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ejim.2016.03.007

N. Sourial, H. Bergman, and S. Karunananthan, Contribution of Frailty Markers in Explaining Differences Among Individuals in Five Samples of Older Persons, The Journals of Gerontology: Series A, vol.67, issue.11, pp.1197-204, 2012.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/gls084

N. Sourial, C. Wolfson, and H. Bergman, A correspondence analysis revealed frailty deficits aggregate and are multidimensional, Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, vol.63, issue.6, pp.647-54, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.08.007

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3718711

J. Afilalo, S. Karunananthan, and M. Eisenberg, Role of Frailty in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease, The American Journal of Cardiology, vol.103, issue.11, pp.1616-1637, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.01.375

J. Lee, T. Auyeung, and J. Leung, Physical frailty in older adults is associated with metabolic and atherosclerotic risk factors and cognitive impairment independent of muscle mass, The journal of nutrition, health & aging, vol.109, issue.14, pp.857-62, 2011.
DOI : 10.1161/01.CIR.0000124718.99562.91

A. Newman, J. Gottdiener, and M. Mcburnie, Associations of Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease With Frailty, The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol.56, issue.3, pp.158-66, 2001.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/56.3.M158

J. Avila-funes, L. Carcaillon, and C. Helmer, Is Frailty a Prodromal Stage of Vascular Dementia? Results From the Three-City Study, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.137, issue.5 Suppl, pp.1708-1720, 2012.
DOI : 10.1067/mlc.2001.113504

V. Solfrizzi, E. Scafato, and V. Frisardi, Frailty syndrome and the risk of vascular dementia: The Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging, Alzheimer's & Dementia, vol.9, issue.2, pp.113-135, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jalz.2011.09.223

T. Buford, S. Anton, and A. Judge, Models of accelerated sarcopenia: Critical pieces for solving the puzzle of age-related muscle atrophy, Ageing Research Reviews, vol.9, issue.4, pp.369-83, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.arr.2010.04.004

F. Nourhashé-mi, S. Andrieu, and S. Gillette-guyonnet, Is There a Relationship Between Fat-Free Soft Tissue Mass and Low Cognitive Function? Results From a Study of 7,105 Women, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.44, issue.Suppl. 9, pp.1796-801, 2002.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1996.tb01362.x

M. Khater and N. Abouelezz, Nutritional status in older adults with mild cognitive impairment living in elderly homes in Cairo, Egypt, The journal of nutrition, health & aging, vol.31, issue.3, pp.104-112, 2011.
DOI : 10.1159/000154929

J. Mulero, P. Zafrilla, and A. Martinez-cacha, Oxidative stress, frailty and cognitive decline, The journal of nutrition, health & aging, vol.302, issue.7, pp.756-60, 2011.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.2009.1791

S. Talegawkar, S. Bandinelli, and K. Bandeen-roche, A Higher Adherence to a Mediterranean-Style Diet Is Inversely Associated with the Development of Frailty in Community-Dwelling Elderly Men and Women, Journal of Nutrition, vol.142, issue.12, pp.2161-2167, 2012.
DOI : 10.3945/jn.112.165498

E. Martínez-lapiscina, P. Clavero, and E. Toledo, Mediterranean diet improves cognition: the PREDIMED-NAVARRA randomised trial, Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, vol.66, issue.(6), pp.1318-1343, 2013.
DOI : 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.129

J. Bollwein, R. Diekmann, and M. Kaiser, Dietary Quality Is Related to Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults, The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol.68, issue.4, pp.483-492, 2013.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/gls204

B. Manal, S. Suzana, and D. Singh, Nutrition and frailty: a review of clinical intervention studies, J Frailty Aging, vol.4, issue.2, pp.100-106, 2015.

M. Vandewoude, P. Barberger-gateau, and T. Cederholm, Healthy brain ageing and cognition: Nutritional factors, European Geriatric Medicine, vol.7, issue.1, pp.77-85, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.eurger.2015.12.005

M. Maggio, E. Dall-'aglio, and F. Lauretani, The hormonal pathway to cognitive impairment in older men, The journal of nutrition, health & aging, vol.167, issue.3, pp.40-54, 2012.
DOI : 10.1001/archinte.167.20.2249

M. Muller, D. Grobbee, and J. Thijssen, Sex hormones and male health: effects on components of the frailty syndrome, Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol.14, issue.6, pp.289-96, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S1043-2760(03)00083-3

O. Aktas, O. Ullrich, and C. Infante-duarte, Neuronal Damage in Brain Inflammation, Archives of Neurology, vol.64, issue.2, pp.185-194, 2007.
DOI : 10.1001/archneur.64.2.185

A. Jefferson, J. Massaro, and P. Wolf, Inflammatory biomarkers are associated with total brain volume: The Framingham Heart Study, Neurology, vol.68, issue.13, pp.1032-1040, 200727.
DOI : 10.1212/01.wnl.0000257815.20548.df

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2758770

B. Baune, G. Ponath, and J. Golledge, Association between IL-8 cytokine and cognitive performance in an elderly general population???The MEMO-Study, Neurobiology of Aging, vol.29, issue.6, pp.937-981, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2006.12.003

K. Yaffe, K. Lindquist, and B. Penninx, Inflammatory markers and cognition in well-functioning African-American and white elders, Neurology, vol.61, issue.1, pp.76-80, 2003.
DOI : 10.1212/01.WNL.0000073620.42047.D7

R. Hubbard and K. Woodhouse, Frailty, inflammation and the elderly, Biogerontology, vol.57, issue.4, pp.635-676, 2010.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/63.4.391

S. Leng, P. Chaves, and K. Koenig, Serum Interleukin-6 and Hemoglobin as Physiological Correlates in the Geriatric Syndrome of Frailty: A Pilot Study, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.2, issue.Suppl 6, pp.1268-71, 2002.
DOI : 10.1093/ndt/10.supp6.27

M. Michaud, L. Balardy, and G. Moulis, Proinflammatory Cytokines, Aging, and Age-Related Diseases, Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, vol.14, issue.12, pp.877-82, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jamda.2013.05.009

J. Collerton, C. Martin-ruiz, and K. Davies, Frailty and the role of inflammation, immunosenescence and cellular ageing in the very old: Cross-sectional findings from the Newcastle 85+ Study, Mechanisms of Ageing and Development, vol.133, issue.6, pp.456-66, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.mad.2012.05.005

T. Gó-mez-isla, R. Hollister, and H. West, Neuronal loss correlates with but exceeds neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease, Annals of Neurology, vol.46, issue.suppl, pp.17-24, 1997.
DOI : 10.1002/ana.410300206

K. Josephs, J. Whitwell, and Z. Ahmed, ??-amyloid burden is not associated with rates of brain atrophy, Annals of Neurology, vol.130, issue.2, pp.204-216, 2008.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.58.10.1476

L. Mucke and D. Selkoe, Neurotoxicity of Amyloid ??-Protein: Synaptic and Network Dysfunction, Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, vol.2, issue.7, p.6338, 2012.
DOI : 10.1101/cshperspect.a006338

J. Lauré-n, D. Gimbel, and H. Nygaard, Cellular prion protein mediates impairment of synaptic plasticity by amyloid-?? oligomers, Nature, vol.22, issue.7233, pp.1128-1160, 2009.
DOI : 10.1212/01.WNL.0000130198.72589.69

G. Shankar, S. Li, and T. Mehta, Amyloid-?? protein dimers isolated directly from Alzheimer's brains impair synaptic plasticity and memory, Nature Medicine, vol.28, issue.8, pp.837-879, 2008.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1986.tb08501.x

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2772133

D. Campo, N. Payoux, P. Djilali, and A. , Relationship of regional brain ??-amyloid to gait speed, Neurology, vol.86, issue.1, pp.36-43, 2016.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.0000000000002235

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01285228

A. Buchman, J. Schneider, and S. Leurgans, Physical frailty in older persons is associated with Alzheimer disease pathology, Neurology, vol.71, issue.7, pp.499-504, 2008.
DOI : 10.1212/01.wnl.0000324864.81179.6a

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2676981

R. Wilson, S. Nag, and P. Boyle, Neural reserve, neuronal density in the locus ceruleus, and cognitive decline, Neurology, vol.80, issue.13, pp.1202-1210, 2013.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182897103

S. Lyness, C. Zarow, and H. Chui, Neuron loss in key cholinergic and aminergic nuclei in Alzheimer disease: a meta-analysis, Neurobiology of Aging, vol.24, issue.1, pp.1-23, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0197-4580(02)00057-X

A. Buchman, L. Yu, and R. Wilson, Association of brain pathology with the progression of frailty in older adults, Neurology, vol.80, issue.22, pp.2055-61, 2013.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.0b013e318294b462

B. Mezuk, L. Edwards, and M. Lohman, Depression and frailty in later life: a synthetic review, International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, vol.17, issue.3, pp.879-92, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/0022-3956(82)90033-4

D. Paulson and P. Lichtenberg, Vascular depression: An early warning sign of frailty, Aging & Mental Health, vol.48, issue.1, pp.85-93, 2013.
DOI : 10.1080/13284200410001707443

R. Lee, D. Hermens, and M. Porter, A meta-analysis of cognitive deficits in first-episode Major Depressive Disorder, Journal of Affective Disorders, vol.140, issue.2, pp.113-137, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jad.2011.10.023

L. Fratiglioni, B. Winblad, V. Strauss, and E. , Prevention of Alzheimer's disease and dementia. Major findings from the Kungsholmen Project, Physiology & Behavior, vol.92, issue.1-2, pp.98-104, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.05.059

C. Hertzog, A. Kramer, and R. Wilson, Enrichment Effects on Adult Cognitive Development, Psychological Science in the Public Interest, vol.58, issue.6, pp.1-65, 2008.
DOI : 10.1093/geronb/58.2.S93

URL : http://pubman.mpdl.mpg.de/pubman/item/escidoc:2099758/component/escidoc:2099757/CHE_Enrichment_2009.pdf

A. Kramer, L. Bherer, and S. Colcombe, Environmental Influences on Cognitive and Brain Plasticity During Aging, The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol.59, issue.9, pp.940-57, 2004.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/59.9.M940

K. Shulman, N. Herrmann, and H. Brodaty, IPA survey of brief cognitive screening instruments, International Psychogeriatrics, vol.18, issue.02, pp.281-94, 2006.
DOI : 10.1017/S1041610205002693

M. Folstein, S. Folstein, and P. Mchugh, ???Mini-mental state???, Journal of Psychiatric Research, vol.12, issue.3, pp.189-98, 1975.
DOI : 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6

S. Borson, M. Brush, and E. Gil, The Clock Drawing Test: Utility for Dementia Detection in Multiethnic Elders, The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol.54, issue.11, pp.534-574, 1999.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/54.11.M534

B. Dubois, A. Slachevsky, and I. Litvan, The FAB: A frontal assessment battery at bedside, Neurology, vol.55, issue.11, pp.1621-1627, 2000.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.55.11.1621

B. Dubois, J. Touchon, and F. Portet, The 5 words " : a simple and sensitive test for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, Presse Med, vol.31, issue.36, pp.1696-1705, 2002.

H. Buschke, Cued recall in Amnesia, Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology, vol.82, issue.4, pp.433-473, 1984.
DOI : 10.1037/h0076782

J. Ricker and B. Axelrod, Analysis of an Oral Paradigm for the Trail Making Test, Assessment, vol.1, issue.1, pp.47-52, 1994.
DOI : 10.1080/13854048708520046

D. Wechsler, A Standardized Memory Scale for Clinical Use, The Journal of Psychology, vol.3, issue.1, pp.87-95, 1945.
DOI : 10.1080/00223980.1945.9917223

J. Paulsen, N. Butters, and J. Sadek, Distinct cognitive profiles of cortical and subcortical dementia in advanced illness, Neurology, vol.45, issue.5, pp.951-957, 1995.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.45.5.951

R. Sperling, J. Karlawish, and K. Johnson, Preclinical Alzheimer disease???the challenges ahead, Nature Reviews Neurology, vol.7, issue.1, pp.54-62, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jalz.2011.09.226

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3643203

N. De-vries, J. Staal, and C. Van-ravensberg, Outcome instruments to measure frailty: A systematic review, Ageing Research Reviews, vol.10, issue.1, pp.104-118, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.arr.2010.09.001

K. Bouillon, M. Kivimaki, and M. Hamer, Measures of frailty in population-based studies: an overview, BMC Geriatrics, vol.14, issue.Suppl 1, p.64, 2013.
DOI : 10.1080/13607863.2010.508772

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00843913

C. Wilson, C. Finch, and H. Cohen, Cytokines and Cognition-The Case for A Head-to-Toe Inflammatory Paradigm, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.9, issue.12, pp.2041-56, 2002.
DOI : 10.1001/archinte.159.19.2349

M. Engelhart, M. Geerlings, and J. Meijer, Inflammatory Proteins in Plasma and the Risk of Dementia, Archives of Neurology, vol.61, issue.5, pp.668-72, 2004.
DOI : 10.1001/archneur.61.5.668

G. Ravaglia, P. Forti, and F. Maioli, Peripheral blood markers of inflammation and functional impairment in elderly community-dwellers, Experimental Gerontology, vol.39, issue.9, pp.1415-1437, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.exger.2004.06.010

A. Desai, G. Grossberg, and J. Chibnall, Healthy Brain Aging: A Road Map, Clinics in Geriatric Medicine, vol.26, issue.1, pp.1-16, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cger.2009.12.002

F. Landi, A. Abbatecola, and M. Provinciali, Moving against frailty: does physical activity matter?, Biogerontology, vol.9, issue.S1, pp.537-582, 2010.
DOI : 10.1503/cmaj.050051

F. Langlois, T. Vu, and K. Chassé, Benefits of Physical Exercise Training on Cognition and Quality of Life in Frail Older Adults, The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, vol.68, issue.3, pp.400-404, 2013.
DOI : 10.1093/geronb/gbs069

P. Satz, H. Morgenstern, and E. Miller, Low Education as a Possible Risk Factor for Cognitive Abnormalities in HIV-1, JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, vol.6, issue.5, pp.503-514, 1993.
DOI : 10.1097/00126334-199305000-00011

Y. Stern, What is cognitive reserve? Theory and research application of the reserve concept, Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, vol.8, issue.03, pp.448-60, 2002.
DOI : 10.1017/S1355617702813248

Y. Stern, S. Albert, and M. Tang, Rate of memory decline in AD is related to education and occupation: Cognitive reserve?, Neurology, vol.53, issue.9, pp.1942-1949, 1999.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.53.9.1942

P. Satz, M. Cole, and D. Hardy, Brain and cognitive reserve: Mediator(s) and construct validity, a critique, Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, vol.827, issue.1, pp.121-151, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/S0191-8869(99)00258-5

C. Hughes, L. Berg, and W. Danziger, A new clinical scale for the staging of dementia, The British Journal of Psychiatry, vol.140, issue.6, pp.566-72, 1982.
DOI : 10.1192/bjp.140.6.566

J. Morris, The Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR): Current version and scoring rules, Neurology, vol.43, issue.11, pp.2412-2416, 1993.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.43.11.2412-a

J. Golomb, A. Kluger, and S. Ferris, Mild cognitive impairment: historical development and summary of research, Dialogues Clin Neurosci, vol.6, issue.4, pp.351-67, 2004.

F. Matthews, B. Stephan, and I. Mckeith, Two-Year Progression from Mild Cognitive Impairment to Dementia: To What Extent Do Different Definitions Agree?, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.76, issue.8, pp.1424-1457, 2008.
DOI : 10.1212/01.WNL.0000080366.90234.7F

A. Mitchell and M. Shiri-feshki, Rate of progression of mild cognitive impairment to dementia - meta-analysis of 41 robust inception cohort studies, Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, vol.79, issue.suppl. 179, pp.252-65, 2009.
DOI : 10.1093/geronb/52B.3.P139

J. Delrieu, S. Andrieu, and M. Pahor, Neuropsychological profile of " cognitive frailty " subjects in MAPT study, J Prev Alzheimers Dis, vol.3, issue.3, pp.151-160, 2016.

M. Canevelli, M. Cesari, and G. Van-kan, Frailty and cognitive decline, Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, vol.18, issue.1, pp.43-50, 2015.
DOI : 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000133

T. Kamegaya, Y. Araki, and H. Kigure, Twelve-week physical and leisure activity programme improved cognitive function in community-dwelling elderly subjects: a randomized controlled trial, Psychogeriatrics, vol.23, issue.1, pp.47-54, 2014.
DOI : 10.1017/S1041610210001912

Y. Maki, C. Ura, and T. Yamaguchi, Effects of Intervention Using a Community-Based Walking Program for Prevention of Mental Decline: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.33, issue.3, pp.505-515, 2012.
DOI : 10.3109/09638288.2011.553710

M. Kivipelto, A. Solomon, and S. Ahtiluoto, The Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER): Study design and progress, Alzheimer's & Dementia, vol.9, issue.6, pp.657-65, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jalz.2012.09.012

S. Gillette-guyonnet, S. Andrieu, and T. Dantoine, Commentary on ???A roadmap for the prevention of dementia II. Leon Thal Symposium 2008.??? The Multidomain Alzheimer Preventive Trial (MAPT): A new approach to the prevention of Alzheimer's disease, Alzheimer's & Dementia, vol.5, issue.2, pp.114-135, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jalz.2009.01.008

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00627237

L. Fitten, Thinking about cognitive frailty, J Prev Alzheimers Dis, pp.7-10, 2015.

M. Alencar, J. Dias, and L. Figueiredo, Frailty and cognitive impairment among community-dwelling elderly, Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria, vol.162, issue.6, pp.362-369, 2013.
DOI : 10.1001/archinte.162.20.2333

URL : http://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20130039

A. Ferrer, T. Badia, and F. Formiga, Frailty in the Oldest Old: Prevalence and Associated Factors, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.57, issue.2, pp.294-300, 2013.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02225.x

P. Forti, F. Maioli, and M. Lega, Combination of the Clock Drawing Test with the Physical Phenotype of Frailty for the Prediction of Mortality and Other Adverse Outcomes in Older Community Dwellers without Dementia, Gerontology, vol.60, issue.3, pp.204-215, 2014.
DOI : 10.1159/000356701

S. Gray, M. Anderson, and R. Hubbard, Frailty and Incident Dementia, The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol.68, issue.9, pp.1083-90, 2013.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/glt013

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3738027

E. Han, Y. Lee, and J. Kim, Association of cognitive impairment with frailty in community-dwelling older adults, International Psychogeriatrics, vol.52, issue.1, pp.155-63, 2014.
DOI : 10.1007/978-1-4614-1439-1_1

J. Kulmala, I. Nykä-nen, and M. Mä-nty, Association between Frailty and Dementia: A Population-Based Study, Gerontology, vol.60, issue.1, pp.16-21, 2014.
DOI : 10.1159/000353859

J. Lee, T. Auyeung, and J. Leung, Transitions in Frailty States Among Community-Living Older Adults and Their Associated Factors, Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, vol.15, issue.4, pp.281-287, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jamda.2013.12.002

E. Mcgough, B. Cochrane, and K. Pike, Dimensions of physical frailty and cognitive function in older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment, Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, vol.56, issue.5
DOI : 10.1016/j.rehab.2013.02.005

M. Montero-odasso, B. Barnes, and M. Speechley, Disentangling Cognitive-Frailty: Results From the Gait and Brain Study, The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol.71, issue.11, pp.1476-82, 2016.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/glw044

D. Rolfson, G. Wilcock, and A. Mitnitski, An assessment of neurocognitive speed in relation to frailty, Age and Ageing, vol.42, issue.2, pp.191-197, 2013.
DOI : 10.1093/ageing/afs185

F. Runzer-colmenares, R. Samper-ternent, A. Snih, and S. , Prevalence and factors associated with frailty among Peruvian older adults, Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, vol.58, issue.1, pp.69-73, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.archger.2013.07.005

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3808461

E. Sampson, B. Leurent, and M. Blanchard, Survival of people with dementia after unplanned acute hospital admission: a prospective cohort study, International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, vol.13, issue.3, pp.1015-1037, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jamda.2010.11.011

J. Schoufour, J. Van-wijngaarden, and A. Mitnitski, Characteristics of the least frail adults with intellectual disabilities: A positive biology perspective, Research in Developmental Disabilities, vol.35, issue.1, pp.127-163, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ridd.2013.10.016

H. Shimada, H. Makizako, and T. Doi, Combined Prevalence of Frailty and Mild Cognitive Impairment in a Population of??Elderly Japanese People, Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, vol.14, issue.7, pp.518-542, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jamda.2013.03.010

N. Sourial, H. Bergman, and S. Karunananthan, Implementing Frailty Into Clinical Practice: A Cautionary Tale, The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol.68, issue.12, pp.1505-1516, 2013.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/glt053

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3806754