C. C. Bain, C. L. Scott, H. Uronen-hansson, S. Gudjonsson, O. Jansson et al., Please see Figure S6 for classical contour plots, histograms of the mouse surface markers, and histograms of the human surface markers, 2012.

S. Bajañ-a, K. Roach, S. Turner, J. Paul, and S. Kovats, IRF4 Promotes Cutaneous Dendritic Cell Migration to Lymph Nodes during Homeostasis and Inflammation, The Journal of Immunology, vol.189, issue.7, pp.3368-3377, 2012.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.1102613

B. Becher, A. Schlitzer, J. Chen, F. Mair, H. R. Sumatoh et al., High-dimensional analysis of the murine myeloid cell system, Nature Immunology, vol.2, issue.12, pp.1181-1189, 2014.
DOI : 10.1002/cyto.a.20258

G. Breton, J. Lee, Y. J. Zhou, J. J. Schreiber, T. Keler et al., dendritic cells, The Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol.82, issue.3, pp.401-413, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.immuni.2013.03.004

M. L. Caton, M. R. Smith-raska, R. , and B. , dendritic cells in the spleen, The Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol.154, issue.7, pp.1653-1664, 2007.
DOI : 10.1126/science.7660125

M. Collin, N. Mcgovern, and M. Haniffa, Human dendritic cell subsets, Immunology, vol.38, issue.1, pp.22-30, 2013.
DOI : 10.1111/imm.12117

K. Crozat, R. Guiton, V. Contreras, V. Feuillet, C. A. Dutertre et al., dendritic cells, The Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol.80, issue.6, pp.1283-1292, 2010.
DOI : 10.1093/intimm/dxm119

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01438136

B. G. Dorner, M. B. Dorner, X. Zhou, C. Opitz, A. Mora et al., Selective Expression of the Chemokine Receptor XCR1 on Cross-presenting Dendritic Cells Determines Cooperation with CD8+ T Cells, Immunity, vol.31, issue.5, pp.823-833, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.immuni.2009.08.027

E. Fossum, G. Grødeland, D. Terhorst, A. A. Tveita, E. Vikse et al., T-cell responses against influenza virus, European Journal of Immunology, vol.145, issue.2, pp.624-635, 2015.
DOI : 10.1002/eji.201445080

D. Gatto, K. Wood, I. Caminschi, D. Murphy-durland, P. Schofield et al., The chemotactic receptor EBI2 regulates the homeostasis, localization and immunological function of splenic dendritic cells, Nature Immunology, vol.174, issue.5, pp.446-453, 2013.
DOI : 10.1038/ni1100

E. L. Gautier, T. Shay, J. Miller, M. Greter, C. Jakubzick et al., Gene-expression profiles and transcriptional regulatory pathways that underlie the identity and diversity of mouse tissue macrophages, Nature Immunology, vol.18, issue.11, pp.1118-1128, 2012.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.3251

G. E. Grajales-reyes, A. Iwata, J. Albring, X. Wu, R. Tussiwand et al., Batf3 maintains autoactivation of Irf8 for commitment of a CD8??+ conventional DC clonogenic progenitor, Nature Immunology, vol.460, issue.7, pp.708-717, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cell.2013.03.036

M. Guilliams and L. Van-de-laar, A Hitchhiker???s Guide to Myeloid Cell Subsets: Practical Implementation of a Novel Mononuclear Phagocyte Classification System, Frontiers in Immunology, vol.6, issue.1, p.406, 2015.
DOI : 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00199

M. Guilliams, F. Ginhoux, C. Jakubzick, S. H. Naik, N. Onai et al., Dendritic cells, monocytes and macrophages: a unified nomenclature based on ontogeny, Nature Reviews Immunology, vol.114, issue.8, pp.571-578, 2014.
DOI : 10.1038/nri3712

S. Gurka, E. Hartung, M. Becker, and R. A. Kroczek, Mouse conventional dendritic cells can be universally classified based on the mutually exclusive expression of xcr1 and sirpa, Front. Immunol, vol.6, p.35, 2015.

S. Henri, L. F. Poulin, S. Tamoutounour, L. Ardouin, M. Guilliams et al., CD207+ CD103+ dermal dendritic cells cross-present keratinocytederived antigens irrespective of the presence of Langerhans cells, J. Exp, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00502774

C. Langlet, S. Tamoutounour, S. Henri, H. Luche, L. Ardouin et al., CD64 Expression Distinguishes Monocyte-Derived and Conventional Dendritic Cells and Reveals Their Distinct Role during Intramuscular Immunization, The Journal of Immunology, vol.188, issue.4, pp.1751-1760, 2012.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.1102744

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00685822

J. Lee, G. Breton, T. Y. Oliveira, Y. J. Zhou, A. Aljoufi et al., Restricted dendritic cell and monocyte progenitors in human cord blood and bone marrow, The Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol.104, issue.3, pp.385-399, 2015.
DOI : 10.1182/blood-2010-02-258558

K. L. Lewis, M. L. Caton, M. Bogunovic, M. Greter, L. T. Grajkowska et al., Notch2 Receptor Signaling Controls Functional Differentiation of Dendritic Cells in the Spleen and Intestine, Immunity, vol.35, issue.5, pp.780-791, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.immuni.2011.08.013

F. Mair, F. J. Hartmann, D. Mrdjen, V. Tosevski, C. Krieg et al., The end of gating? An introduction to automated analysis of high dimensional cytometry data, European Journal of Immunology, vol.79, issue.1, pp.34-43, 2015.
DOI : 10.1002/cyto.a.22626/pdf

P. Maisonnasse, E. Bouguyon, G. Piton, A. Ezquerra, C. Urien et al., The respiratory DC/macrophage network at steady-state and upon influenza infection in the swine biomedical model, Mucosal Immunology, vol.45, issue.4, pp.834-849, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.08.002

B. Malissen, S. Tamoutounour, H. , and S. , The origins and functions of dendritic cells and macrophages in the skin, Nature Reviews Immunology, vol.12, issue.6, pp.417-428, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.immuni.2013.04.004

N. Mcgovern, A. Schlitzer, M. Gunawan, L. Jardine, A. Shin et al., Human Dermal CD14+ Cells Are a Transient Population of Monocyte-Derived Macrophages, Immunity, vol.41, issue.3, pp.465-477, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.immuni.2014.08.006

N. Mcgovern, J. K. Chan, and F. Ginhoux, Dendritic cells in humans--from fetus to adult, International Immunology, vol.27, issue.2, pp.65-72, 2015.
DOI : 10.1093/intimm/dxu091

T. L. Murphy, G. E. Grajales-reyes, X. Wu, R. Tussiwand, C. G. Briseno et al., Transcriptional Control of Dendritic Cell Development, Annual Review of Immunology, vol.34, issue.1, pp.93-119, 2015.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev-immunol-032713-120204

S. H. Naik, D. Metcalf, A. Van-nieuwenhuijze, I. Wicks, L. Wu et al., Intrasplenic steady-state dendritic cell precursors that are distinct from monocytes, Nature Immunology, vol.99, issue.6, pp.663-671, 2006.
DOI : 10.1038/ni1340

H. Nakano, K. L. Lin, M. Yanagita, C. Charbonneau, D. N. Cook et al., Blood-derived inflammatory dendritic cells in lymph nodes stimulate acute T helper type 1 immune responses, Nature Immunology, vol.27, issue.4, pp.394-402, 2009.
DOI : 10.1038/ni.1707

N. Onai, K. Kurabayashi, M. Hosoi-amaike, N. Toyama-sorimachi, K. Matsushima et al., A Clonogenic Progenitor with Prominent Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Developmental Potential, Immunity, vol.38, issue.5, pp.943-957, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.immuni.2013.04.006

F. Osorio, S. J. Tavernier, E. Hoffmann, Y. Saeys, L. Martens et al., The unfolded-protein-response sensor IRE-1?? regulates the function of CD8??+ dendritic cells, Nature Immunology, vol.204, issue.3, pp.248-257, 2014.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1158042

E. K. Persson, H. Uronen-hansson, M. Semmrich, A. Rivollier, K. Hä-gerbrand et al., IRF4 Transcription-Factor-Dependent CD103+CD11b+ Dendritic Cells Drive Mucosal T Helper 17 Cell Differentiation, IRF4 transcription-factor-dependent CD103(+)CD11b(+) dendritic cells drive mucosal T helper 17 cell differentiation, pp.958-969, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.immuni.2013.03.009

M. Plantinga, M. Guilliams, M. Vanheerswynghels, K. Deswarte, F. Branco-madeira et al., Conventional and Monocyte-Derived CD11b+ Dendritic Cells Initiate and Maintain T Helper 2 Cell-Mediated Immunity to House Dust Mite Allergen, Immunity, vol.38, issue.2, pp.322-335, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.immuni.2012.10.016

Y. Saeys, S. V. Gassen, and B. N. Lambrecht, Computational flow cytometry: helping to make sense of high-dimensional immunology data, Nature Reviews Immunology, vol.14, issue.7, pp.449-462, 2016.
DOI : 10.1038/nri.2016.56

A. Schlitzer, N. Mcgovern, P. Teo, T. Zelante, K. Atarashi et al., IRF4 Transcription Factor-Dependent CD11b+ Dendritic Cells in Human and Mouse Control Mucosal IL-17 Cytokine Responses, Immunity, vol.38, issue.5, pp.970-983, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.immuni.2013.04.011

A. Schlitzer, V. Sivakamasundari, J. Chen, H. R. Sumatoh, J. Schreuder et al., Identification of cDC1- and cDC2-committed DC progenitors reveals early lineage priming at the common DC progenitor stage in the bone marrow, Nature Immunology, vol.16, issue.7, pp.718-728, 2015.
DOI : 10.2307/2282967

. Guilliams, Unsupervised High-Dimensional Analysis Aligns Dendritic Cells across Tissues and Species, Please cite this article in press as, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.08.015

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-01376187

C. L. Scott, B. Soen, L. Martens, N. Skrypek, W. Saelens et al., The transcription factor Zeb2 regulates development of conventional and plasmacytoid DCs by repressing Id2, The Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol.213, issue.6, pp.897-911, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80649-4

D. Sichien, C. L. Scott, L. Martens, M. Vanderkerken, S. Van-gassen et al., IRF8 Transcription Factor Controls Survival and Function of Terminally Differentiated Conventional and Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells, Respectively, Immunity, vol.45, issue.3, pp.626-640, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.08.013

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01438483

S. Tamoutounour, M. Guilliams, M. Sanchis, F. Liu, H. Terhorst et al., Origins and Functional Specialization of Macrophages and of Conventional and Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells in Mouse Skin, Immunity, vol.39, issue.5, pp.925-938, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.immuni.2013.10.004

S. Van-gassen, B. Callebaut, M. J. Van-helden, B. N. Lambrecht, P. Demeester et al., FlowSOM: Using self-organizing maps for visualization and interpretation of cytometry data, Cytometry Part A, vol.332, issue.5, pp.636-645, 2015.
DOI : 10.1002/cyto.a.22625

P. B. Watchmaker, K. Lahl, M. Lee, D. Baumjohann, J. Morton et al., Comparative transcriptional and functional profiling defines conserved programs of intestinal DC differentiation in humans and mice, Nature Immunology, vol.176, issue.1, pp.98-108, 2014.
DOI : 10.1093/bioinformatics/btl117

M. T. Wong, J. Chen, S. Narayanan, W. Lin, R. Anicete et al., Mapping the Diversity of Follicular Helper T Cells in Human Blood and Tonsils Using High-Dimensional Mass Cytometry Analysis, Cell Reports, vol.11, issue.11, pp.1822-1833, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.05.022