Z. Da-silva, I. Oliveira, A. Andersen, F. Dias, A. Rodrigues et al., Changes in prevalence and incidence of HIV-1, HIV-2 and dual infections in urban areas of Bissau, Guinea-Bissau: is HIV-2 disappearing?, AIDS, vol.22, issue.10, pp.221195-1202, 2008.
DOI : 10.1097/QAD.0b013e328300a33d

E. Gianelli, A. Riva, R. Bravo, F. , D. Silva et al., Prevalence and risk determinants of HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections in pregnant women in Bissau, Journal of Infection, vol.61, issue.5, pp.61391-398, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jinf.2010.08.012

F. Mansson, C. Camara, A. Biai, M. Monteiro, Z. Da-silva et al., High prevalence of HIV-1, HIV-2 and other sexually transmitted infections among women attending two sexual health clinics in

L. Chang, M. Osei-kwasi, D. Boakye, S. Aidoo, A. Hagy et al., HIV-1 and HIV-2 Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Among Hospital Outpatients in the Eastern Region of Ghana, West Africa, JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, vol.29, issue.5, pp.29511-516, 2002.
DOI : 10.1097/00042560-200204150-00012

F. Rouet, D. Ekouevi, A. Inwoley, M. Chaix, M. Burgard et al., Field Evaluation of a Rapid Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Serial Serologic Testing Algorithm for Diagnosis and Differentiation of HIV Type 1 (HIV-1), HIV-2, and Dual HIV-1-HIV-2 Infections in West African Pregnant Women, Journal of Clinical Microbiology, vol.42, issue.9, pp.4147-4153, 2004.
DOI : 10.1128/JCM.42.9.4147-4153.2004

S. Eholie and X. Anglaret, Commentary: Decline of HIV-2 prevalence in West Africa: good news or bad news?, International Journal of Epidemiology, vol.35, issue.5, pp.1329-1330, 2006.
DOI : 10.1093/ije/dyl156

W. Schmidt, M. Van-der-loeff, P. Aaby, H. Whittle, R. Bakker et al., Behaviour change and competitive exclusion can explain the diverging HIV-1 and HIV-2 prevalence trends in Guinea???Bissau, Epidemiology and Infection, vol.10, issue.04, pp.551-561, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.socscimed.2003.10.031

C. Tienen, M. Van-der-loeff, S. Zaman, T. Vincent, R. Sarge-njie et al., Two Distinct Epidemics: The Rise of HIV-1 and Decline of HIV-2 Infection Between 1990 and 2007 in Rural Guinea-Bissau, JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, issue.5, pp.53640-647, 2010.
DOI : 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3181bf1a25

M. Van-der-loeff, A. Awasana, R. Sarge-njie, M. Van-der-sande, J. A. Sabally et al., Sixteen years of HIV surveillance in a West African research clinic reveals divergent epidemic trends of HIV-1 and HIV-2, International Journal of Epidemiology, vol.35, issue.5, pp.1322-1328, 2006.
DOI : 10.1093/ije/dyl037

R. Marlink, P. Kanki, I. Thior, K. Travers, G. Eisen et al., Reduced rate of disease development after HIV-2 infection as compared to HIV-1, Science, vol.265, issue.5178, pp.2651587-1590, 1994.
DOI : 10.1126/science.7915856

S. Jaffar, A. Wilkins, P. Ngom, S. Sabally, T. Corrah et al., Rate of Decline of Percentage CD4+ Cells Is Faster in HIV-1 Than in HIV-2 Infection, Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology, vol.16, issue.5, pp.327-332, 1997.
DOI : 10.1097/00042560-199712150-00003

J. Drylewicz, S. Matheron, E. Lazaro, F. Damond, F. Bonnet et al., Comparison of viro-immunological marker changes between HIV-1 and HIV-2-infected patients in France, AIDS, vol.22, issue.4, pp.457-468, 2008.
DOI : 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3282f4ddfc
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00258131

N. Berry, K. Ariyoshi, S. Jaffar, S. Sabally, T. Corrah et al., Low peripheral blood viral HIV-2 RNA in individuals with high CD4 percentage differentiates HIV-2 from HIV-1 infection, J Hum Virol, vol.1, issue.7, pp.457-468, 1998.

A. Macneil, A. Sarr, J. Sankale, S. Meloni, S. Mboup et al., Direct Evidence of Lower Viral Replication Rates In Vivo in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (HIV-2) Infection than in HIV-1 Infection, Journal of Virology, vol.81, issue.10, pp.815325-5330, 2007.
DOI : 10.1128/JVI.02625-06

A. Benard, A. Van-sighem, A. Taieb, E. Valadas, J. Ruelle et al., Immunovirological Response to Triple Nucleotide Reverse-Transcriptase Inhibitors and Ritonavir-Boosted Protease Inhibitors in Treatment-Naive HIV-2-Infected Patients: The ACHIEV2E Collaboration Study Group, Clinical Infectious Diseases, vol.52, issue.10, pp.521257-1266, 2011.
DOI : 10.1093/cid/cir123

K. Harries, R. Zachariah, M. Manzi, P. Firmenich, R. Mathela et al., Baseline characteristics, response to and outcome of antiretroviral therapy among patients with HIV-1, HIV-2 and dual infection in Burkina Faso, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, vol.104, issue.2, pp.154-161, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.trstmh.2009.08.012

I. Peterson, O. Togun, T. De-silva, F. Oko, R. et al., Mortality and immunovirological outcomes on antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1 and HIV-2-infected individuals in the Gambia, AIDS, vol.25, issue.17, pp.252167-2175, 2011.
DOI : 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32834c4adb

S. Toure, B. Kouadio, C. Seyler, M. Traore, N. Dakoury-dogbo et al., Aconda Study Group: Rapid scaling-up of antiretroviral therapy in 10,000 adults in Cote d'Ivoire: 2-year outcomes and determinants, AIDS, issue.7, pp.22873-882, 2008.

M. Mouroux, D. Descamps, J. Izopet, A. Yvon, C. Delaugerre et al., Low-rate emergence of thymidine analogue mutations and multi-drug resistance mutations in the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase gene in therapy-naive patients receiving stavudine plus lamivudine combination therapy, Antivir Ther, vol.6, issue.3, pp.179-183, 2001.

B. Rodes, C. Toro, J. Sheldon, V. Jimenez, K. Mansinho et al., High rate of proV47A selection in HIV-2 patients failing lopinavir-based HAART, AIDS, vol.20, issue.1, pp.127-129, 2006.
DOI : 10.1097/01.aids.0000196171.35056.6c

G. Gottlieb, N. Badiane, S. Hawes, L. Fortes, M. Toure et al., Emergence of Multiclass Drug???Resistance in HIV???2 in Antiretroviral???Treated Individuals in Senegal: Implications for HIV???2 Treatment in Resouce???Limited West Africa, Clinical Infectious Diseases, vol.48, issue.4, pp.476-483, 2009.
DOI : 10.1086/596504

G. Gottlieb, S. Hawes, K. Wong, D. Raugi, H. Agne et al., HIV Type 2 Protease, Reverse Transcriptase, and Envelope Viral Variation in the PBMC and Genital Tract of ARV-Naive Women in Senegal, AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, vol.24, issue.6, pp.24857-864, 2008.
DOI : 10.1089/aid.2008.0015

G. Gottlieb, R. Smith, D. Badiane, N. Ba, S. Hawes et al., HIV-2 Integrase Variation in Integrase Inhibitor-Na??ve Adults in Senegal, West Africa, PLoS ONE, vol.22, issue.16, p.22204, 2011.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0022204.t001

G. Gottlieb, S. Eholie, J. Nkengasong, S. Jallow, R. et al., A call for randomized controlled trials of antiretroviral therapy for HIV-2 infection in West Africa, AIDS, vol.22, issue.16, pp.2069-2072, 2008.
DOI : 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32830edd44

S. Matheron, HIV-2 infection: a call for controlled trials, AIDS, vol.22, issue.16, pp.2073-2074, 2008.
DOI : 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32830edd59

A. Benard, F. Damond, P. Campa, G. Peytavin, D. Descamps et al., Good response to lopinavir/ritonavir-containing antiretroviral regimens in antiretroviral-naive HIV-2-infected patients, AIDS, vol.23, issue.9, pp.1171-1173, 2009.
DOI : 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32832949f0

M. Van-der-ende, J. Prins, K. Brinkman, M. Keuter, J. Veenstra et al., Schutten M: Clinical, immunological and virological response to different antiretroviral regimens in a cohort of HIV-2-infected patients, AIDS, pp.17-55, 2003.

J. Drylewicz, S. Eholie, M. Maiga, D. Zannou, P. Sow et al., International epidemiologic Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) West Africa Collaboration: First-year lymphocyte T CD4+ response to antiretroviral therapy according to the HIV type in the IeDEA West Africa collaboration, AIDS, vol.2010, issue.7, pp.241043-1050

S. Jallow, A. Alabi, R. Sarge-njie, K. Peterson, H. Whittle et al., Virological Response to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Patients Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (HIV-2) and in Patients Dually Infected with HIV-1 and HIV-2 in The Gambia and Emergence of Drug-Resistant Variants, Journal of Clinical Microbiology, vol.47, issue.7, pp.472200-2208, 2009.
DOI : 10.1128/JCM.01654-08

S. Jallow, S. Kaye, A. Alabi, A. Aveika, R. Sarge-njie et al., Virological and immunological response to Combivir and emergence of drug resistance mutations in a cohort of HIV-2 patients in The Gambia, AIDS, vol.20, issue.10, pp.201455-1458, 2006.
DOI : 10.1097/01.aids.0000233582.64467.8e

K. Peterson, S. Jallow, R. , S. De-silva, and T. , Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV-2 Infection: Recommendations for Management in Low-Resource Settings, AIDS Research and Treatment, vol.36, issue.1, p.463704, 2011.
DOI : 10.1086/649884

C. Adje-toure, R. Cheingsong, J. Garcia-lerma, S. Eholie, M. Borget et al., Antiretroviral therapy in HIV-2-infected patients, AIDS, vol.17, pp.17-49, 2003.
DOI : 10.1097/00002030-200317003-00007

Y. Gilleece, D. Chadwick, J. Breuer, D. Hawkins, E. Smit et al., British HIV Association guidelines for antiretroviral treatment of HIV-2-positive individuals 2010, HIV Medicine, vol.9, issue.(S, pp.11611-619, 2010.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1468-1293.2010.00889.x

P. Morlat, Prise en Charge Medicale Des Personnes Vivant Avec Le VIH. Recommandations Du Groupe D'experts. Rapport 2013

P. Morlat-et-sous-l-'égide-du and C. De-l-'anrs, Available from: www.sante.gouv.fr, 2013.

N. York-state and H. Guidelines-new, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (HIV-2) Available from: http://www.natap.org, 2012.

D. Moher, A. Liberati, J. Tetzlaff, D. Altman, and P. Group, Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement, PLoS Med, vol.6, issue.7, 2009.

C. Mullins, G. Eisen, S. Popper, D. Sarr, A. Sankale et al., Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy and Viral Response in HIV Type 2 Infection, Clinical Infectious Diseases, vol.38, issue.12, pp.381771-1779, 2004.
DOI : 10.1086/421390

S. Matheron, F. Damond, A. Benard, A. Taieb, P. Campa et al., CD4 cell recovery in treated HIV-2-infected adults is lower than expected: results from the French ANRS CO5 HIV-2 cohort, AIDS, vol.20, issue.3, pp.459-462, 2006.
DOI : 10.1097/01.aids.0000199829.57112.2f

C. Ndour, G. Batista, N. Manga, N. Gueye, N. Badiane et al., ??valuation de??l'efficacit?? et??de??la??tol??rance du??traitement antir??troviral chez??des??patients infect??s par??le??VIH-2 ????Dakar??: ??tude pr??liminaire, M??decine et Maladies Infectieuses, vol.36, issue.2, pp.111-114, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.medmal.2005.11.012

J. Ruelle, F. Roman, A. Vandenbroucke, C. Lambert, K. Fransen et al., Transmitted drug resistance, selection of resistance mutations and moderate antiretroviral efficacy in HIV-2: analysis of the HIV

C. Smith, Toward Optimal ART for HIV-2 Infection: Can Genotypic and Phenotypic Drug Resistance Testing Help Guide Therapy in HIV-2?

M. Chiara, Z. Rony, M. Homa, V. Bhanumati, J. Ladomirska et al., Harries AD AD: Characteristics, immunological response & treatment outcomes of HIV-2 compared with HIV-1 & dual infections (HIV 1/2) in Mumbai, Indian J Med Res, vol.132, pp.683-689, 2010.

K. Peterson, J. Ruelle, M. Vekemans, F. Siegal, J. Deayton et al., The role of raltegravir in the treatment of HIV-2 infections: evidence from a case series, Antiviral Therapy, vol.17, issue.6, pp.1097-1100
DOI : 10.3851/IMP2303

P. Yeni, Prise en charge médicale des personnes infectées par le VIH. Recommandations du groupe d'experts. Rapport, 2010.

P. Yeni, Available from: http://www.sante.gouv.fr/rapports,54.html. Accesed date 13, 2010.

D. Ekouevi, X. Anglaret, P. Coffie, M. Eugène, A. Minga et al., for the IeDEA West Africa collaboration: Plasma HIV-2 RNA According to CD4 Count Strata Among Untreated HIV-2-Infected Adults in Côte d'Ivoire: The IeDEA West Africa Collaboration. 7th International Aids Society Conference, 2013.

M. Chang, G. Gottlieb, J. Dragavon, S. Cherne, D. Kenney et al., Validation for clinical use of a novel HIV-2 plasma RNA viral load assay using the Abbott m2000 platform, Journal of Clinical Virology, vol.55, issue.2, pp.128-133
DOI : 10.1016/j.jcv.2012.06.024

E. Balestre, S. Eholie, A. Lokossue, P. Sow, M. Charurat et al., International epidemiological Database to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) West Africa Collaboration: Effect of age on immunological response in the first year of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1-infected adults in West Africa, AIDS, vol.2012, issue.8, pp.26951-957

R. Smith, D. Anderson, C. Pyrak, B. Preston, and G. Gottlieb, Antiretroviral Drug Resistance in HIV???2: Three Amino Acid Changes Are Sufficient for Classwide Nucleoside Analogue Resistance, The Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol.199, issue.9, pp.1991323-1326, 2009.
DOI : 10.1086/597802

C. Charpentier, S. Eholié, X. Anglaret, M. Bertine, C. Rouzioux et al., Genotypic resistance profiles of HIV-2-treated patients in West Africa, AIDS, vol.28, issue.8, pp.1161-1169
DOI : 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000244

S. Matheron, D. Descamps, F. Boue, J. Livrozet, A. Lafeuillade et al., Triple nucleoside combination zidovudine/lamivudine/ abacavir versus zidovudine/lamivudine/nelfinavir as first-line therapy in HIV-1-infected adults: a randomized trial, Antivir Ther, vol.8, issue.2, pp.163-171, 2003.

D. Ekouevi, E. Balestre, P. Coffie, D. Minta, E. Messou et al., Characteristics of HIV-2 and HIV-1/HIV-2 Dually Seropositive Adults in West Africa Presenting for Care and Antiretroviral Therapy: The IeDEA-West Africa HIV-2 Cohort Study, PLoS ONE, vol.55, issue.6, p.66135, 2013.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0066135.t003