Journal articles

Assessment of Response to Lithium Maintenance Treatment in Bipolar Disorder: A Consortium on Lithium Genetics (ConLiGen) Report.

Mirko Manchia ¹ Mazda Adli ² Nirmala Akula ³ Raffaella Ardau ⁴ Jean-Michel Aubry ⁵ Lena Backlund ⁶ Claudio Em Banzato ⁷ Bernhard T. Baune ⁸ Frank Bellivier ⁹ Susanne Bengesser ¹⁰ Joanna M. Biernacka ¹¹ Clara Brichant-Petitjean ⁹ Elise Bui ³ Cynthia V. Calkin ¹ Andrew Tai Ann Cheng ¹² Caterina Chillotti ⁴ Sven Cichon ¹³ Scott Clark ⁸ Piotr M. Czerski ¹⁴ Clarissa Dantas ⁷ Maria Del Zompo ^{4, 15} J Raymond Depaulo ¹⁶ Sevilla D. Detera-Wadleigh ³ Bruno Etain ¹⁷ Peter Falkai ¹⁸ Louise Frisén ⁶ Mark A. Frye ¹¹ Jan Fullerton ¹⁹ Sébastien Gard ²⁰ Julie Garnham ¹ Fernando S. Goes ¹⁶ Paul Grof ^{21, 22} Oliver Gruber ²³ Ryota Hashimoto ²⁴ Joanna Hauser ¹⁴ Urs Heilbronner ²³ Rebecca Hoban ^{25, 26} Liping Hou ³ Stéphane Jamain ¹⁷ Jean-Pierre Kahn ²⁷ Layla Kassem ³ Tadafumi Kato ²⁸ John R. Kelsoe ^{25, 26} Sarah Kittel-Schneider ²⁹ Sebastian Kliwicki ³⁰ Po-Hsiu Kuo ³¹ Ichiro Kusumi ^{32, 28} Gonzalo Laje ³ Catharina Lavebratt ^{33, 34} Marion Leboyer ¹⁷ Susan G. Leckband ^{25, 35, 36} Carlos A. López Jaramillo ³⁷ Mario Maj ³⁸ Alain Malafosse ⁵ Lina Martinsson ⁶ Takuya Masui ³² Philip B. Mitchell ³⁹ Frank Mondimore ¹⁶ Palmiero Monteleone ³⁸ Audrey Nallet ⁵ Maria Neuner ²⁹ Tomás Novák ⁴⁰ Claire O'Donovan ¹ Urban Osby ^{33, 34} Norio Ozaki ^{41, 42} Roy H. Perlis ⁴³ Andrea Pfennig ⁴⁴ James B. Potash ^{16, 45} Daniela Reich-Erkelenz ²³ Andreas Reif ²⁹ Eva Reininghaus ¹⁰ Sara Richardson ³ Guy A. Rouleau ^{46, 47} Janusz K. Rybakowski ³⁰ Martin Schalling ^{33, 34} Peter R. Schofield ¹⁹ Oliver K. Schubert ⁸ Barbara Schweizer ¹⁶ Florian Seemüller ¹⁸ Maria Grigoroiu-Serbanescu ⁴⁸ Giovanni Severino ¹⁵ Lisa R. Seymour ¹¹ Claire Slaney ¹ Jordan W. Smoller ⁴³ Alessio Squassina ¹⁵ Thomas Stamm ² Jo Steele ³ Pavla Stopkova ⁴⁰ Sarah K. Tighe ¹⁶ Alfonso Tortorella ³⁸ Gustavo Turecki ⁴⁹ Naomi R. Wray ⁵⁰ Adam Wright ³⁹ Peter P. Zandi ⁵¹ David Zilles ²³ Michael Bauer ⁴⁴ Marcella Rietschel ⁵² Francis J. Mcmahon ³ Thomas G. Schulze ^{3, 16, 23, 52, *} Martin Alda ^{1, *}

* Corresponding author

1 Department of Psychiatry

2 Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy

3 Human Genetics Branch

4 Unit of Clinical Pharmacology

5 Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry

6 Department of Psychiatry

7 Department of Psychiatry

8 Department of Psychiatry

9 Pôle de Psychiatrie

10 Department of Psychiatry

11 Department of Psychiatry

12 Division of Epidemiology and Genetics

13 Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center

14 Psychiatric Genetic Unit

15 Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology

16 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences

17 IMRB - Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale

18 Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy

19 Genetics of Mental Illness and Brain Function

20 Service de psychiatrie adulte

21 MDCO - Mood Disorders Center of Ottawa

22 Department of Psychiatry

23 Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy

24 Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine

25 Department of Psychiatry

26 Department of Psychiatry

27 Service de Psychiatrie et Psychologie Clinique

28 Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders

29 Mental Health Sciences Unit

30 Department of Adult Psychiatry

31 Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine

32 Department of Psychiatry

33 Molecular Medicine and Surgery department

34 Center for Molecular Medicine

35 Department of Pharmacy

36 Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences [San Diego]

37 Department of Psychiatry

38 Department of Psychiatry

39 School of Psychiatry

40 Prague Psychiatric Center

41 Department of Psychiatry

42 Department of Psychiatry

43 Department of Psychiatry

44 Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy

45 Department of Psychiatry

46 Center of Excellence in Neuroscience

47 Department of Medicine

48 Biometric Psychiatric Genetics Research Unit

49 McGill Group for Suicide Studies

50 Queensland Brain Institute

51 Department of Mental Health

52 Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry [Mannhein]

Abstract : OBJECTIVE: The assessment of response to lithium maintenance treatment in bipolar disorder (BD) is complicated by variable length of treatment, unpredictable clinical course, and often inconsistent compliance. Prospective and retrospective methods of assessment of lithium response have been proposed in the literature. In this study we report the key phenotypic measures of the "Retrospective Criteria of Long-Term Treatment Response in Research Subjects with Bipolar Disorder" scale currently used in the Consortium on Lithium Genetics (ConLiGen) study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-nine ConLiGen sites took part in a two-stage case-vignette rating procedure to examine inter-rater agreement [Kappa (κ)] and reliability [intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC)] of lithium response. Annotated first-round vignettes and rating guidelines were circulated to expert research clinicians for training purposes between the two stages. Further, we analyzed the distributional properties of the treatment response scores available for 1,308 patients using mixture modeling. RESULTS: Substantial and moderate agreement was shown across sites in the first and second sets of vignettes (κ = 0.66 and κ = 0.54, respectively), without significant improvement from training. However, definition of response using the A score as a quantitative trait and selecting cases with B criteria of 4 or less showed an improvement between the two stages (ICC1 = 0.71 and ICC2 = 0.75, respectively). Mixture modeling of score distribution indicated three subpopulations (full responders, partial responders, non responders). CONCLUSIONS: We identified two definitions of lithium response, one dichotomous and the other continuous, with moderate to substantial inter-rater agreement and reliability. Accurate phenotypic measurement of lithium response is crucial for the ongoing ConLiGen pharmacogenomic study.

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Journal articles

Domain :

Life Sciences [q-bio] / Biochemistry, Molecular Biology

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