Prognostic value of cortically induced motor evoked activity by TMS in chronic stroke: Caveats from a revealing single clinical case.

Julià Amengual 1, * Antoni Valero-Cabré 2 Misericordia De Las Heras 3 Nurja Rojo 4, 5 Seán Froudist-Walsh 4, 6 Pablo Ripollés 4, 5 Nils Bodammer 7 Bahram Mohammadi 8, 9 Jordi Montero 3 Carles Grau 1 Thomas Münte 8 Antoni Rodríguez-Fornells 4, 5, 10
* Auteur correspondant
1 Neurodynamic Laboratory
2 CRICM - Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière
3 Neurology Section
4 Cognition and Brain Plasticity Unit
5 Dept. of Basic Psychology
6 Unit of Cognitive Neurology and Aphasia
7 LIP - Center for Lifespan Psychology
Max Planck Institute for Human Development
8 Department of Neurology
9 CNS-LAB
10 Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA)
Abstract : UNLABELLED: ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: We report the case of a chronic stroke patient (62 months after injury) showing total absence of motor activity evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of spared regions of the left motor cortex, but near-to-complete recovery of motor abilities in the affected hand. CASE PRESENTATION: Multimodal investigations included detailed TMS based motor mapping, motor evoked potentials (MEP), and Cortical Silent period (CSP) as well as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of motor activity, MRI based lesion analysis and Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) Tractography of corticospinal tract (CST). Anatomical analysis revealed a left hemisphere subinsular lesion interrupting the descending left CST at the level of the internal capsule. The absence of MEPs after intense TMS pulses to the ipsilesional M1, and the reversible suppression of ongoing electromyographic (EMG) activity (indexed by CSP) demonstrate a weak modulation of subcortical systems by the ipsilesional left frontal cortex, but an inability to induce efficient descending volleys from those cortical locations to right hand and forearm muscles. Functional MRI recordings under grasping and finger tapping patterns involving the affected hand showed slight signs of subcortical recruitment, as compared to the unaffected hand and hemisphere, as well as the expected cortical activations. CONCLUSIONS: The potential sources of motor voluntary activity for the affected hand in absence of MEPs are discussed. We conclude that multimodal analysis may contribute to a more accurate prognosis of stroke patients.
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BMC Neurology, BioMed Central, 2012, 12 (1), pp.35. 〈10.1186/1471-2377-12-35〉
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Julià Amengual, Antoni Valero-Cabré, Misericordia De Las Heras, Nurja Rojo, Seán Froudist-Walsh, et al.. Prognostic value of cortically induced motor evoked activity by TMS in chronic stroke: Caveats from a revealing single clinical case.. BMC Neurology, BioMed Central, 2012, 12 (1), pp.35. 〈10.1186/1471-2377-12-35〉. 〈inserm-00722739〉

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