B. Breitmeyer, Visual masking: Time slices through conscious and unconscious vision, 2006.

D. Cul, A. Dehaene, S. Leboyer, and M. , Preserved subliminal processing and impaired conscious access in schizophrenia, Arch Gen Psychiatry, vol.63, pp.1313-1323, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00132860

M. Kiefer, The N400 is modulated by unconsciously perceived masked words: further evidence for an automatic spreading activation account of N400 priming effects, Cognitive Brain Research, vol.13, issue.1, pp.27-39, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0926-6410(01)00085-4

L. Naccache, R. Gaillard, C. Adam, D. Hasboun, and S. Clé-menceau, A direct intracranial record of emotions evoked by subliminal words, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.102, issue.21, pp.7713-7717, 2005.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.0500542102

S. Dehaene, L. Naccache, L. Clec-'h-g, E. Koechlin, and M. Mueller, Imaging unconscious semantic priming, Nature, vol.395, issue.6702, pp.597-600, 1998.
DOI : 10.1038/26967

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00349939

J. Haynes and G. Rees, Predicting the orientation of invisible stimuli from activity in human primary visual cortex, Nature Neuroscience, vol.268, issue.5, pp.686-691, 2005.
DOI : 10.1162/089892900562561

D. Pins and D. Ffytche, The Neural Correlates of Conscious Vision, Cerebral Cortex, vol.13, issue.5, pp.461-474, 2003.
DOI : 10.1093/cercor/13.5.461

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00331945

H. Super, H. Spekreijse, and V. Lamme, Two distinct modes of sensory processing observed in monkey primary visual cortex (V1), Nature Neuroscience, vol.4, issue.3, pp.304-310, 2001.
DOI : 10.1038/85170

V. Lamme, K. Zipser, and H. Spekreijse, Masking Interrupts Figure-Ground Signals in V1, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, vol.77, issue.7, pp.1044-1053, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0042-6989(99)00250-3

V. Lamme, Towards a true neural stance on consciousness, Trends in Cognitive Sciences, vol.10, issue.11, pp.494-501, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tics.2006.09.001

S. Zeki, The disunity of consciousness, Trends in Cognitive Sciences, vol.7, issue.5, pp.214-218, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S1364-6613(03)00081-0

P. Tse, S. Martinez-conde, A. Schlegel, and S. Macknik, Visibility, visual awareness, and visual masking of simple unattended targets are confined to areas in the occipital cortex beyond human V1/V2, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.102, issue.47, pp.17178-17183, 2005.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.0508010102

F. Tong, Cognitive neuroscience: Primary visual cortex and visual awareness, Nature Reviews Neuroscience, vol.10, issue.3, pp.219-229, 2003.
DOI : 10.1038/nrn1055

T. Allison, A. Puce, D. Spencer, and G. Mccarthy, Electrophysiological Studies of Human Face Perception. I: Potentials Generated in Occipitotemporal Cortex by Face and Non-face Stimuli, Cerebral Cortex, vol.9, issue.5, pp.415-430, 1999.
DOI : 10.1093/cercor/9.5.415

S. Dehaene, M. Kerszberg, and J. Changeux, A neuronal model of a global workspace in effortful cognitive tasks, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.95, issue.24, pp.14529-14534, 1998.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.95.24.14529

S. Dehaene and L. Naccache, Towards a cognitive neuroscience of consciousness: basic evidence and a workspace framework, Cognition, vol.79, issue.1-2, pp.1-37, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0010-0277(00)00123-2

S. Dehaene, L. Naccache, L. Cohen, D. Bihan, and J. Mangin, Cerebral mechanisms of word masking and unconscious repetition priming, Nature Neuroscience, vol.4, issue.7, pp.752-758, 2001.
DOI : 10.1038/89551

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00349842

S. Dehaene, C. Sergent, and J. Changeux, A neuronal network model linking subjective reports and objective physiological data during conscious perception, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.100, issue.14, pp.8520-8525, 2003.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.1332574100

S. Dehaene and J. Changeux, Ongoing Spontaneous Activity Controls Access to Consciousness: A Neuronal Model for Inattentional Blindness, PLoS Biology, vol.1, issue.5, p.141, 2005.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pbio.0030141.g008

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00079979

S. Dehaene, J. Changeux, L. Naccache, J. Sackur, and C. Sergent, Conscious, preconscious, and subliminal processing: a testable taxonomy, Trends in Cognitive Sciences, vol.10, issue.5, pp.204-211, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tics.2006.03.007

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-00161465

G. Rees, G. Kreiman, and C. Koch, NEURAL CORRELATES OF CONSCIOUSNESS IN HUMANS, Nature Reviews Neuroscience, vol.3, issue.4, pp.261-270, 2002.
DOI : 10.1038/nrn783

P. Vuilleumier, N. Sagiv, E. Hazeltine, R. Poldrack, and D. Swick, Neural fate of seen and unseen faces in visuospatial neglect: A combined event-related functional MRI and event-related potential study, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.98, issue.6, pp.3495-3500, 2001.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.051436898

D. Beck, G. Rees, C. Frith, and N. Lavie, Neural correlates of change detection and change blindness, Nature Neuroscience, vol.4, issue.6, pp.645-650, 2001.
DOI : 10.1038/88477

R. Marois, D. Yi, and M. Chun, The Neural Fate of Consciously Perceived and Missed Events in the Attentional Blink, Neuron, vol.41, issue.3, pp.465-472, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S0896-6273(04)00012-1

E. Lumer and G. Rees, Covariation of activity in visual and prefrontal cortex associated with subjective visual perception, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.96, issue.4, 1999.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.96.4.1669

H. Lau and R. Passingham, Relative blindsight in normal observers and the neural correlate of visual consciousness, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.103, issue.49, pp.18763-18768, 2006.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.0607716103

G. Tononi, The Information Integration Theory of Consciousness, BMC Neurosci, vol.4, issue.15, p.42, 2004.
DOI : 10.1002/9780470751466.ch23

J. Haynes, J. Driver, and G. Rees, Visibility Reflects Dynamic Changes of Effective Connectivity between V1 and Fusiform Cortex, Neuron, vol.46, issue.5, pp.811-821, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuron.2005.05.012

C. Sergent, S. Baillet, and S. Dehaene, Timing of the brain events underlying access to consciousness during the attentional blink, Nature Neuroscience, vol.48, issue.10, pp.1391-1400, 2005.
DOI : 10.1109/79.962275

C. Sergent and S. Dehaene, Is Consciousness a Gradual Phenomenon?: Evidence for an All-or-None Bifurcation During the Attentional Blink, Psychological Science, vol.23, issue.1, pp.720-728, 2004.
DOI : 10.1037//0096-1523.24.6.1656

L. Naccache and S. Dehaene, The Priming Method: Imaging Unconscious Repetition Priming Reveals an Abstract Representation of Number in the Parietal Lobes, Cerebral Cortex, vol.11, issue.10, pp.966-974, 2001.
DOI : 10.1093/cercor/11.10.966

W. Kunde, A. Kiesel, and J. Hoffmann, Conscious control over the content of unconscious cognition, Cognition, vol.88, issue.2, pp.223-242, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0010-0277(03)00023-4

P. Merikle and E. Reingold, Recognition and lexical decision without detection: Unconscious perception?, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, vol.16, issue.3, pp.574-583, 1990.
DOI : 10.1037/0096-1523.16.3.574

H. Vaughan, . Jr, and L. Silverstein, Metacontrast and Evoked Potentials: A Reappraisal, Science, vol.160, issue.3824, pp.207-208, 1968.
DOI : 10.1126/science.160.3824.207

G. Woodman and S. Luck, Dissociations among attention, perception, and awareness during object-substitution masking, Psychological Science, vol.80, issue.6, pp.605-611, 2003.
DOI : 10.1038/23698

C. Kranczioch, S. Debener, J. Schwarzbach, R. Goebel, and A. Engel, Neural correlates of conscious perception in the attentional blink, NeuroImage, vol.24, issue.3, pp.704-714, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.09.024

D. Vorberg, U. Mattler, A. Heinecke, T. Schmidt, and J. Schwarzbach, Different time courses for visual perception and action priming, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.100, issue.10, pp.6275-6280, 2003.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.0931489100

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC156362

L. Ferrand and J. Grainger, Effects of orthography are independent of phonology in masked form priming, The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, vol.33, issue.2, pp.365-382, 1994.
DOI : 10.1037/0033-295X.97.4.488

B. Bridgeman, Correlates of metacontrast in single cells of the cat visual system, Vision Research, vol.15, issue.1, pp.91-99, 1975.
DOI : 10.1016/0042-6989(75)90065-6

S. Macknik and M. Livingstone, Neuronal correlates of visibility and invisibility in the primate visual system, Nature Neuroscience, vol.1, issue.2, pp.144-149, 1998.
DOI : 10.1038/393

G. Kovacs, R. Vogels, and G. Orban, Cortical correlate of pattern backward masking., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.92, issue.12, pp.5587-5591, 1995.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.92.12.5587

E. Rolls, M. Tovee, and S. Panzeri, The Neurophysiology of Backward Visual Masking: Information Analysis, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, vol.71, issue.3, pp.300-311, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0301-0082(96)00054-8

M. Green, D. Glahn, S. Engel, K. Nuechterlein, and F. Sabb, Regional Brain Activity Associated with Visual Backward Masking, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, vol.18, issue.1, pp.13-23, 2005.
DOI : 10.1006/nimg.1997.0263

K. Thompson and J. Schall, The detection of visual signals by macaque frontal eye field during masking, Nature Neuroscience, vol.2, issue.3, pp.283-288, 1999.
DOI : 10.1038/6398

S. Nieuwenhuis, K. Ridderinkhof, J. Blom, G. Band, and A. Kok, Error-related brain potentials are differentially related to awareness of response errors: Evidence from an antisaccade task, Psychophysiology, vol.38, issue.5, pp.752-760, 2001.
DOI : 10.1111/1469-8986.3850752

M. Brazdil, I. Rektor, P. Daniel, M. Dufek, and P. Jurak, Intracerebral event-related potentials to subthreshold target stimuli, Clinical Neurophysiology, vol.112, issue.4, pp.650-661, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S1388-2457(01)00463-1

M. Brazdil, I. Rektor, M. Dufek, P. Jurak, and P. Daniel, Effect of subthreshold target stimuli on event-related potentials, Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, vol.107, issue.1, pp.64-68, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0013-4694(98)00038-8

C. Keysers and D. Perrett, Visual masking and RSVP reveal neural competition, Trends in Cognitive Sciences, vol.6, issue.3, pp.120-125, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01852-0

C. Keysers, D. Xiao, P. Foldiak, and D. Perrett, The Speed of Sight, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, vol.74, issue.1, pp.90-101, 2001.
DOI : 10.3758/BF03210089

S. Van-aalderen-smeets, R. Oostenveld, and J. Schwarzbach, Investigating neurophysiological correlates of metacontrast masking with magnetoencephalography, Advances in Cognitive Psychology, vol.2, issue.1, pp.21-35, 2006.
DOI : 10.2478/v10053-008-0042-z

J. Clarke, E. Halgren, and P. Chauvel, Intracranial ERPs in humans during a lateralized visual oddball task: II. Temporal, parietal, and frontal recordings, Clinical Neurophysiology, vol.110, issue.7, pp.1226-1244, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S1388-2457(99)00064-4

R. Weidner, N. Shah, and G. Fink, The Neural Basis of Perceptual Hypothesis Generation and Testing, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, vol.30, issue.2, pp.258-266, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/S0896-6273(01)80033-7

S. Kouider, S. Dehaene, A. Jobert, L. Bihan, and D. , Cerebral Bases of Subliminal and Supraliminal Priming during Reading, Cerebral Cortex, vol.17, issue.9, pp.2019-2029, 2007.
DOI : 10.1093/cercor/bhl110

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00349657

A. Kleinschmidt, C. Buchel, C. Hutton, K. Friston, and R. Frackowiak, The Neural Structures Expressing Perceptual Hysteresis in Visual Letter Recognition, Neuron, vol.34, issue.4, pp.659-666, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0896-6273(02)00694-3

V. De-lafuente and R. Romo, Neural correlate of subjective sensory experience gradually builds up across cortical areas, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.103, issue.39, pp.14266-14271, 2006.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.0605826103

V. De-lafuente and R. Romo, Neuronal correlates of subjective sensory experience, Nature Neuroscience, vol.103, issue.12, pp.1698-1703, 2005.
DOI : 10.1038/nn1587

L. Melloni, C. Molina, M. Pena, D. Torres, and W. Singer, Synchronization of Neural Activity across Cortical Areas Correlates with Conscious Perception, Journal of Neuroscience, vol.27, issue.11, pp.2858-2865, 2007.
DOI : 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4623-06.2007

M. Koivisto, A. Revonsuo, and M. Lehtonen, Independence of Visual Awareness from the Scope of Attention: an Electrophysiological Study, Cerebral Cortex, vol.16, issue.3, pp.415-424, 2006.
DOI : 10.1093/cercor/bhi121

M. Bar, R. Tootell, D. Schacter, D. Greve, and B. Fischl, Cortical Mechanisms Specific to Explicit Visual Object Recognition, Neuron, vol.29, issue.2, pp.529-535, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0896-6273(01)00224-0

K. Grill-spector, T. Kushnir, T. Hendler, and R. Malach, The dynamics of object-selective activation correlate with recognition performance in humans, Nature Neuroscience, vol.3, issue.8, pp.837-843, 2000.
DOI : 10.1038/77754

N. Block, Fictionalism functionalism and factor analysis, Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association, pp.127-141, 1974.

D. Beck, N. Muggleton, V. Walsh, and N. Lavie, Right Parietal Cortex Plays a Critical Role in Change Blindness, Cerebral Cortex, vol.16, issue.5, pp.712-717, 2006.
DOI : 10.1093/cercor/bhj017

M. Huang, J. Mosher, and R. Leahy, A sensor-weighted overlapping-sphere head model and exhaustive head model comparison for MEG, Physics in Medicine and Biology, vol.44, issue.2, pp.423-440, 1999.
DOI : 10.1088/0031-9155/44/2/010

S. Baillet, J. Mosher, and R. Leahy, Electromagnetic brain mapping, IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, vol.18, issue.6, pp.14-30, 2001.
DOI : 10.1109/79.962275

D. Lollo, V. Enns, J. Rensink, and R. , Competition for consciousness among visual events: The psychophysics of reentrant visual processes., Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, vol.129, issue.4, pp.481-507, 2000.
DOI : 10.1037/0096-3445.129.4.481