A common X-linked inborn error of carnitine biosynthesis may be a risk factor for nondysmorphic autism. - Inserm - Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Année : 2012

A common X-linked inborn error of carnitine biosynthesis may be a risk factor for nondysmorphic autism.

Ni Huang

Résumé

We recently reported a deletion of exon 2 of the trimethyllysine hydroxylase epsilon (TMLHE) gene in a proband with autism. TMLHE maps to the X chromosome and encodes the first enzyme in carnitine biosynthesis, 6-N-trimethyllysine dioxygenase. Deletion of exon 2 of TMLHE causes enzyme deficiency, resulting in increased substrate concentration (6-N-trimethyllysine) and decreased product levels (3-hydroxy-6-N-trimethyllysine and γ-butyrobetaine) in plasma and urine. TMLHE deficiency is common in control males (24 in 8,787 or 1 in 366) and was not significantly increased in frequency in probands from simplex autism families (9 in 2,904 or 1 in 323). However, it was 2.82-fold more frequent in probands from male-male multiplex autism families compared with controls (7 in 909 or 1 in 130; P = 0.023). Additionally, six of seven autistic male siblings of probands in male-male multiplex families had the deletion, suggesting that TMLHE deficiency is a risk factor for autism (metaanalysis Z-score = 2.90 and P = 0.0037), although with low penetrance (2-4%). These data suggest that dysregulation of carnitine metabolism may be important in nondysmorphic autism; that abnormalities of carnitine intake, loss, transport, or synthesis may be important in a larger fraction of nondysmorphic autism cases; and that the carnitine pathway may provide a novel target for therapy or prevention of autism.

Domaines

Génétique
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Dates et versions

inserm-00696112 , version 1 (10-05-2012)

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Patrícia B. S. Celestino-Soper, Sara Violante, Emily L. Crawford, Rui Luo, Anath C. Lionel, et al.. A common X-linked inborn error of carnitine biosynthesis may be a risk factor for nondysmorphic autism.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2012, 109 (21), pp.7974-7981. ⟨10.1073/pnas.1120210109⟩. ⟨inserm-00696112⟩
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