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Article Dans Une Revue Journal of Neuroinflammation Année : 2011

Gliovascular and cytokine interactions modulate brain endothelial barrier in vitro.

Walter Cromer
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P Olivier Couraud
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Ignacio Romero
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Babette Weksler
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Anat Erdreich-Epstein
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J Michael Mathis
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Alireza Minagar
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Résumé

ABSTRACT: The glio-vascular unit (G-unit) plays a prominent role in maintaining homeostasis of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and disturbances in cells forming this unit may seriously dysregulate BBB. The direct and indirect effects of cytokines on cellular components of the BBB are not yet unclear. The present study compares the effects of cytokines and cytokine-treated astrocytes on brain endothelial barrier. 3-dimensional transwell co-cultures of brain endothelium and related-barrier forming cells with astrocytes were used to investigate gliovascular barrier responses to cytokines during pathological stresses. Gliovascular barrier was measured using trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TEER), a sensitive index of in vitro barrier integrity. We found that neither TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta or IFN-gamma directly reduced barrier in human or mouse brain endothelial cells or ECV-304 barrier (independent of cell viability/metabolism), but found that astrocyte exposure to cytokines in co-culture significantly reduced endothelial (and ECV-304) barrier. These results indicate that the barrier established by human and mouse brain endothelial cells (and other cells) may respond positively to cytokines alone, but that during pathological conditions, cytokines dysregulate the barrier forming cells indirectly through astrocyte activation involving reorganization of junctions, matrix, focal adhesion or release of barrier modulating factors (e.g. oxidants, MMPs).
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Dates et versions

inserm-00655466 , version 1 (29-12-2011)

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Ganta Chaitanya, Walter Cromer, Shannon Wells, Merilyn Jennings, P Olivier Couraud, et al.. Gliovascular and cytokine interactions modulate brain endothelial barrier in vitro.. Journal of Neuroinflammation, 2011, 8 (1), pp.162. ⟨10.1186/1742-2094-8-162⟩. ⟨inserm-00655466⟩
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