W. Hauser, Epidemiology of epilepsy in children, Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine, vol.56, issue.Supplement, pp.419-448, 1995.
DOI : 10.3949/ccjm.56.s1.185

L. Cowan, The epidemiology of the epilepsies in children, Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, vol.4, issue.3, pp.171-81, 2002.
DOI : 10.1002/mrdd.10035

G. Holmes, R. Khazipov, and Y. Ben-ari, New concepts in neonatal seizures, Neuroreport, vol.13, issue.1, pp.3-8, 2002.
DOI : 10.1097/00001756-200201210-00002
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00484863

G. Holmes and Y. Ben-ari, The Neurobiology and Consequences of Epilepsy in the Developing Brain, Pediatric Research, vol.18, issue.3, pp.320-345, 2001.
DOI : 10.1203/00006450-200103000-00004

G. Holmes, Effects of Seizures on Brain Development: Lessons from the Laboratory, Pediatric Neurology, vol.33, issue.1, pp.1-11, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2004.12.003

E. Tremblay, L. Nitecka, M. Berger, and Y. Ben-ari, Maturation of kainic acid seizure-brain damage syndrome in the rat. i. clinical, electrographic and metabolic observations, Neuroscience, vol.13, issue.4, pp.1051-72, 1984.
DOI : 10.1016/0306-4522(84)90288-4

I. Khalilov, G. Holmes, and Y. Ben-ari, In vitro formation of a secondary epileptogenic mirror focus by interhippocampal propagation of seizures, Nature Neuroscience, vol.6, issue.10, pp.1079-85, 2003.
DOI : 10.1038/nn1125
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00484787

S. Moshe, The effects of age on the kindling phenomenon, Developmental Psychobiology, vol.25, issue.1, pp.75-81, 1981.
DOI : 10.1002/dev.420140110

F. Jensen, C. Applegate, D. Holtzman, and T. Belin, Epileptogenic effect of hypoxia in the immature rodent brain, Annals of Neurology, vol.15, issue.6, pp.629-666, 1991.
DOI : 10.1002/ana.410290610

R. Brady, with special reference to " maturation of transmitters " , " networks " , " synapse formation and their relation to seizures " and " adverse eff ects on brain development " . Articles were also identifi ed through searches of the authors' personal fi les. To limit the references to 100, review articles were reviewed after assessing original articles. Only papers published in English were reviewed Penicillin-induced epileptogenesis in immature rats CA 3 hippocampal pyramidal cells, Search strategy and selection criteria References for this review were, pp.243-54, 1980.

C. Gomez-di-cesare, K. Smith, F. Rice, and J. Swann, Axonal remodeling during postnatal maturation of CA3 hippocampal pyramidal neurons, The Journal of Comparative Neurology, vol.384, issue.2, pp.165-80, 1997.
DOI : 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19970728)384:2<165::AID-CNE1>3.3.CO;2-3

H. Mclean, O. Caillard, R. Khazipov, Y. Ben-ari, and J. Gaiarsa, Spontaneous release of GABA activates GABAB receptors and controls network activity in the neonatal rat hippocampus, J Neurophysiol, vol.76, pp.1036-1082, 1996.

V. Dzhala and K. Staley, Transition from interictal to ictal activity in limbic networks in vitro, J Neurosci, vol.23, pp.7873-80, 2003.

R. Khazipov, I. Khalilov, R. Tyzio, E. Morozova, Y. Ben-ari et al., Developmental changes in GABAergic actions and seizure susceptibility in the rat hippocampus, European Journal of Neuroscience, vol.20, issue.3, pp.590-600, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/0014-4886(68)90126-X
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00484639

F. Jensen and T. Baram, Developmental seizures induced by common early-life insults: Short- and long-term effects on seizure susceptibility, Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, vol.16, issue.4, pp.253-57, 2000.
DOI : 10.1002/1098-2779(2000)6:4<253::AID-MRDD4>3.0.CO;2-P

R. Khazipov, M. Esclapez, and O. Caillard, Early development of neuronal activity in the primate hippocampus in utero, J Neurosci, vol.21, pp.9770-81, 2001.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00484885

R. Khazipov, M. Esclapez, and O. Caillard, Early development of neuronal activity in the primate hippocampus in utero, J Neurosci, vol.21, pp.9770-81, 2001.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00484885

Y. Ben-ari, E. Cherubini, R. Corradetti, and J. Gaiarsa, Giant synaptic potentials in immature rat CA3 hippocampal neurones., The Journal of Physiology, vol.416, issue.1, pp.303-328, 1989.
DOI : 10.1113/jphysiol.1989.sp017762

Y. 19-ben-ari, Excitatory actions of gaba during development: the nature of the nurture, Nature Reviews Neuroscience, vol.3, issue.9, pp.728-767, 2002.
DOI : 10.1038/nrn920

A. Flint, U. Maisch, J. Weishaupt, A. Kriegstein, and H. Monyer, NR2A subunit composition shortens NMDA receptor synaptic currents in developing neocortex, J Neurosci, vol.17, pp.2469-76, 1997.

L. Miller, A. Johnson, R. Gelhard, and T. Insel, The ontogeny of excitatory amino acid receptors in the rat forebrain???II. Kainic acid receptors, Neuroscience, vol.35, issue.1, pp.45-51, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/0306-4522(90)90118-N

J. Mcdonald, M. Johnston, and A. Young, Differential ontogenic development of three receptors comprising the NMDA receptor/channel complex in the rat hippocampus, Experimental Neurology, vol.110, issue.3, pp.237-284, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/0014-4886(90)90035-Q

J. Swann, K. Smith, and R. Brady, Age-Dependent Alterations in the Operations of Hippocampal Neural Networks, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol.88, issue.1 Activity-Driv, pp.264-76, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0006-8993(81)91271-3

W. Hauser, The Prevalence and Incidence of Convulsive Disorders in Children, Epilepsia, vol.110, issue.s2, pp.1-6, 1994.
DOI : 10.1203/00006450-196907000-00005

K. Nelson and J. Ellenberg, Predictors of Epilepsy in Children Who Have Experienced Febrile Seizures, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.295, issue.19, pp.1029-1062, 1976.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJM197611042951901

J. French, P. Williamson, and V. Thadani, Characteristics of medial temporal lobe epilepsy: I. Results of history and physical examination, Annals of Neurology, vol.12, issue.6, pp.774-80, 1993.
DOI : 10.1002/ana.410340604

D. Lewis, D. Barboriak, J. Macfall, J. Provenzale, T. Mitchell et al., Do prolonged febrile seizures produce medial temporal sclerosis? Hypotheses, MR1 evidence and unanswered questions, Prog Brain Res, vol.135, pp.263-78, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0079-6123(02)35025-8

G. Fernandez, O. Eff-enberger, and B. Vinz, Hippocampal malformation as a cause of familial febrile convulsions and subsequent hippocampal sclerosis, Neurology, vol.50, issue.4, pp.909-926, 1998.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.50.4.909

R. Wallace, I. Scheff-er, and S. Barnett, Neuronal Sodium-Channel ??1-Subunit Mutations in Generalized Epilepsy with Febrile Seizures Plus, The American Journal of Human Genetics, vol.68, issue.4, pp.859-65, 2001.
DOI : 10.1086/319516

J. Heida and Q. Pittman, Causal Links between Brain Cytokines and Experimental Febrile Convulsions in the Rat, Epilepsia, vol.292, issue.1, pp.1906-1919, 2005.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1528-1157.2001.042007837.x

C. Dube, A. Vezzani, M. Behrens, T. Bartfai, and T. Baram, Interleukin-1?? contributes to the generation of experimental febrile seizures, Annals of Neurology, vol.47, issue.1, pp.152-55, 2005.
DOI : 10.1002/ana.20358

C. Dube, K. Chen, M. Eghbal-ahmadi, K. Brunson, I. Soltesz et al., Prolonged febrile seizures in the immature rat model enhance hippocampal excitability long term, Annals of Neurology, vol.86, issue.3, pp.336-380, 2000.
DOI : 10.1002/1531-8249(200003)47:3<336::AID-ANA9>3.0.CO;2-W

Z. Toth, X. Yan, S. Haftoglou, C. Ribak, and T. Baram, Seizureinduced neuronal injury: vulnerability to febrile seizures in an immature rat model, J Neurosci, vol.18, pp.4285-94, 1998.

M. Scantlebury, S. Gibbs, B. Foadjo, P. Lema, C. Psarropoulou et al., Febrile seizures in the predisposed brain: A new model of temporal lobe epilepsy, Annals of Neurology, vol.44, issue.1, pp.41-49, 2005.
DOI : 10.1002/ana.20512

C. Dube, C. Richichi, R. Bender, G. Chung, B. Litt et al., Temporal lobe epilepsy after experimental prolonged febrile seizures: prospective analysis, Brain, vol.129, issue.4, pp.911-933, 2006.
DOI : 10.1093/brain/awl018

K. Chen, I. Aradi, N. Thon, M. Eghbal-ahmadi, T. Baram et al., Persistently modifi ed h-channels after complex febrile seizures convert the seizure-induced enhancement of inhibition to hyperexcitability, Nature Medicine, vol.7, issue.3, pp.331-368, 2001.
DOI : 10.1038/85480

A. Brewster, R. Bender, Y. Chen, C. Dube, M. Eghbal-ahmadi et al., Developmental febrile seizures modulate hippocampal gene expression of hyperpolarization-activated channels in an isoform-and cell-specifi c manner, J Neurosci, vol.22, pp.4591-99, 2002.

Y. Ben-ari and G. Holmes, The multiple facets of ??-aminobutyric acid dysfunction in epilepsy: review, Current Opinion in Neurology, vol.18, issue.2, pp.141-186, 2005.
DOI : 10.1097/01.wco.0000162855.75391.6a

C. Rivera, J. Voipio, and J. Payne, The K+/Cl-co-transporter KCC2 renders GABA hyperpolarizing during neuronal maturation, Nature, vol.397, pp.251-55, 1999.

K. Ganguly, A. Schinder, S. Wong, and M. Poo, GABA Itself Promotes the Developmental Switch of Neuronal GABAergic Responses from Excitation to Inhibition, Cell, vol.105, issue.4, pp.521-553, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00341-5

H. Fiumelli, L. Cancedda, and M. Poo, Modulation of GABAergic Transmission by Activity via Postsynaptic Ca2+-Dependent Regulation of KCC2 Function, Neuron, vol.48, issue.5, pp.773-86, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuron.2005.10.025

J. Payne, C. Rivera, J. Voipio, and K. K. , Cation???chloride co-transporters in neuronal communication, development and trauma, Trends in Neurosciences, vol.26, issue.4, pp.199-206, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0166-2236(03)00068-7

V. Dzhala, D. Talos, and D. Sdrulla, NKCC1 transporter facilitates seizures in the developing brain, Nature Medicine, vol.94, issue.11, pp.1205-1218, 2005.
DOI : 10.1007/s004410051013

I. Cohen, V. Navarro, S. Clemenceau, M. Baulac, and R. Miles, On the Origin of Interictal Activity in Human Temporal Lobe Epilepsy in Vitro, Science, vol.298, issue.5597, pp.1418-1439, 2002.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1076510

I. Chudotvorova, A. Ivanov, and S. Rama, Early expression of KCC2 in rat hippocampal cultures augments expression of functional GABA synapses, The Journal of Physiology, vol.90, issue.3, pp.671-79, 2005.
DOI : 10.1113/jphysiol.2005.089821
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00484389

D. Owens and A. Kriegstein, Is there more to gaba than synaptic inhibition?, Nature Reviews Neuroscience, vol.8, issue.9, pp.715-742, 2002.
DOI : 10.1038/nrn919

R. Tyzio, A. Represa, I. Jorquera, Y. Ben-ari, H. Gozlan et al., The establishment of GABAergic and glutamatergic synapses on CA1 pyramidal neurons is sequential and correlates with the development of the apical dendrite, J Neurosci, vol.19, pp.10372-82, 1999.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00487269

G. Barbin, H. Pollard, J. Gaiarsa, and Y. Ben-ari, Involvement of GABAA receptors in the outgrowth of cultured hippocampal neurons, Neuroscience Letters, vol.152, issue.1-2, pp.150-54, 1993.
DOI : 10.1016/0304-3940(93)90505-F

S. Ge, E. Goh, K. Sailor, Y. Kitabatake, G. Ming et al., GABA regulates synaptic integration of newly generated neurons in the adult brain, Nature, vol.19, issue.7076, pp.589-93, 2006.
DOI : 10.1038/nature04404

M. Demarque, A. Represa, H. Becq, I. Khalilov, Y. Ben-ari et al., Paracrine Intercellular Communication by a Ca2+- and SNARE-Independent Release of GABA and Glutamate Prior to Synapse Formation, Neuron, vol.36, issue.6, pp.1051-61, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0896-6273(02)01053-X
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00484866

M. Demarque, N. Villeneuve, and J. Manent, Glutamate Transporters Prevent the Generation of Seizures in the Developing Rat Neocortex, Journal of Neuroscience, vol.24, issue.13, pp.3289-94, 2004.
DOI : 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5338-03.2004
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00484643

R. Nabbout and O. Dulac, Epileptic Encephalopathies: A Brief Overview, Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology, vol.20, issue.6, pp.393-97, 2003.
DOI : 10.1097/00004691-200311000-00002

F. Molinari, A. Raas-rothschild, and M. Rio, Impaired Mitochondrial Glutamate Transport in Autosomal Recessive Neonatal Myoclonic Epilepsy, The American Journal of Human Genetics, vol.76, issue.2, pp.334-373, 2005.
DOI : 10.1086/427564

J. Manent, M. Demarque, and I. Jorquera, A Noncanonical Release of GABA and Glutamate Modulates Neuronal Migration, Journal of Neuroscience, vol.25, issue.19, pp.4755-65, 2005.
DOI : 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0553-05.2005
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00484364

R. Khazipov, A. Sirota, X. Leinekugel, G. Holmes, Y. Ben-ari et al., Early motor activity drives spindle bursts in the developing somatosensory cortex, Nature, vol.15, issue.7018, pp.758-61, 2004.
DOI : 10.1007/s00424-002-0831-z
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00484640

M. Van-quyen, I. Khalilov, and Y. Ben-ari, The dark side of highfrequency oscillations in the developing brain, Trend Neurosci
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00484357

S. Haut, J. Veliskova, and S. Moshe, Susceptibility of immature and adult brains to seizure effects, The Lancet Neurology, vol.3, issue.10, pp.608-625, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S1474-4422(04)00881-6

Y. Ben-ari, Limbic seizure and brain damage produced by kainic acid: Mechanisms and relevance to human temporal lobe epilepsy, Neuroscience, vol.14, issue.2, pp.375-403, 1985.
DOI : 10.1016/0306-4522(85)90299-4

A. Represa, J. Niquet, H. Pollard, M. Khrestchatisky, and Y. Ben-ari, From seizures to neo-synaptogenesis: Intrinsic and extrinsic determinants of mossy fiber sprouting in the adult hippocampus, Hippocampus, vol.9, issue.3, pp.270-74, 1994.
DOI : 10.1002/hipo.450040308

T. Sutula, H. Xiao-xian, J. Cavazos, and G. Scott, Synaptic reorganization in the hippocampus induced by abnormal functional activity, Science, vol.239, issue.4844, pp.1147-50, 1988.
DOI : 10.1126/science.2449733

M. Esclapez, J. Hirsch, Y. Ben-ari, and C. Bernard, Newly formed excitatory pathways provide a substrate for hyperexcitability in experimental temporal lobe epilepsy, The Journal of Comparative Neurology, vol.851, issue.4, pp.449-60, 1999.
DOI : 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19990614)408:4<449::AID-CNE1>3.0.CO;2-R

J. Epsztein, A. Represa, I. Jorquera, Y. Ben-ari, and V. Crepel, Recurrent Mossy Fibers Establish Aberrant Kainate Receptor-Operated Synapses on Granule Cells from Epileptic Rats, Journal of Neuroscience, vol.25, issue.36, pp.8229-8268, 2005.
DOI : 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1469-05.2005
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00484549

A. Rice, C. Floyd, B. Lyeth, R. Hamm, and R. Delorenzo, Status Epilepticus Causes Long-Term NMDA Receptor-Dependent Behavioral Changes and Cognitive Deficits, Epilepsia, vol.20, issue.3, pp.1148-57, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/0014-2999(94)00729-Q

J. Kelsey, K. Sanderson, and C. Frye, Perforant path stimulation in rats produces seizures, loss of hippocampal neurons, and a defi cit in spatial mapping which are reduced by prior MK-801

C. Stafstrom, A. Chronopoulos, S. Thurber, J. Thompson, and G. Holmes, Age-Dependent Cognitive and Behavioral Deficits After Kainic Acid Seizures, Epilepsia, vol.13, issue.3, pp.420-452, 1993.
DOI : 10.1037//0033-2909.83.3.482

M. Berger, E. Tremblay, L. Nitecka, and Y. Ben-ari, Maturation of kainic acid seizure-brain damage syndrome in the rat. III. Postnatal development of kainic acid binding sites in the limbic system, Neuroscience, vol.13, issue.4, pp.1095-104, 1984.
DOI : 10.1016/0306-4522(84)90290-2

R. Sankar, D. Shin, H. Liu, A. Mazarati, A. Pereira-de-vasconcelos et al., Patterns of status epilepticus-induced neuronal injury during development and long-term consequences, J Neurosci, vol.18, pp.8382-93, 1998.

L. Nitecka, E. Tremblay, G. Charton, J. Bouillot, M. Berger et al., Maturation of kainic acid seizure-brain damage syndrome in the rat. II. Histopathological sequelae, Neuroscience, vol.13, issue.4, pp.1073-94, 1984.
DOI : 10.1016/0306-4522(84)90289-6

M. Cilio, Y. Sogawa, L. Huang, D. Silveira, B. Mccabe et al., Status epilepticus in the developing brain: agedependent neuronal injury, mossy fi ber sprouting, seizure susceptibility, and cognitive impairment, Epilepsia, vol.40, issue.7, p.34, 1999.

Y. Yang, P. Tandon, Z. Liu, M. Sarkisian, C. Stafstrom et al., Synaptic reorganization following kainic acid-induced seizures during development, Developmental Brain Research, vol.107, issue.2, pp.169-77, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0165-3806(97)00211-3

E. Sperber, K. Haas, P. Stanton, and S. Moshe, Resistance of the immature hippocampus to seizure-induced synaptic reorganization, Developmental Brain Research, vol.60, issue.1, pp.88-93, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0165-3806(91)90158-F

H. Kubova, R. Druga, and K. Lukasiuk, Status epilepticus causes necrotic damage in the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus in immature rats, J Neurosci, vol.21, pp.3593-99, 2001.

E. Cherubini, Y. Ben-ari, and K. Krnjevic, Anoxia produces smaller changes in synaptic transmission, membrane potential and input resistance in immature rat hippocampus, J Neurophysiol, vol.62, pp.882-95, 1989.

P. Bickler, S. Gallego, and B. Hansen, Developmental Changes in Intracellular Calcium Regulation in Rat Cerebral Cortex during Hypoxia, Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, vol.262, issue.5, pp.811-830, 1993.
DOI : 10.1038/jcbfm.1993.103

Z. Liu, C. Stafstrom, and M. Sarkisian, Age-dependent effects of glutamate toxicity in the hippocampus, Developmental Brain Research, vol.97, issue.2, pp.178-84, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/S0165-3806(96)00141-1

J. Marks, J. Friedman, and G. Haddad, Vulnerability of CA1 neurons to glutamate is developmentally regulated, Developmental Brain Research, vol.97, issue.2, pp.194-206, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/S0165-3806(96)00149-6

P. Tandon, Y. Yang, K. Das, G. Holmes, and C. Stafstrom, Neuroprotective effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in seizures during development, Neuroscience, vol.91, issue.1, pp.293-303, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0306-4522(98)00609-5

M. Rizzi, C. Perego, and M. Aliprandi, Glia activation and cytokine increase in rat hippocampus by kainic acid-induced status epilepticus during postnatal development, Neurobiology of Disease, vol.14, issue.3, pp.494-503, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/j.nbd.2003.08.001

R. Sankar, D. Shin, and C. Wasterlain, GABA metabolism during status epilepticus in the developing rat brain, Developmental Brain Research, vol.98, issue.1, pp.60-64, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0165-3806(96)00165-4

M. Patel and Q. Li, Age dependence of seizure-induced oxidative stress, Neuroscience, vol.118, issue.2, pp.431-468, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0306-4522(02)00979-X

P. Sullivan, C. Dube, K. Dorenbos, O. Steward, and T. Baram, Mitochondrial uncoupling protein-2 protects the immature brain from excitotoxic neuronal death, Annals of Neurology, vol.13, issue.suppl 2, pp.711-728, 2003.
DOI : 10.1002/ana.10543

C. Stafstrom, J. Thompson, and G. Holmes, Kainic acid seizures in the developing brain: status epilepticus and spontaneous recurrent seizures, Developmental Brain Research, vol.65, issue.2, pp.227-263, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/0165-3806(92)90184-X

G. Zhang, Y. Raol, F. Hsu, D. Coulter, and A. Brooks-kayal, Effects of status epilepticus on hippocampal GABAA receptors are age-dependent, Neuroscience, vol.125, issue.2, pp.299-303, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.01.040

G. Zhang, Y. Raol, F. Hsu, and A. Brooks-kayal, Long-term alterations in glutamate receptor and transporter expression following early-life seizures are associated with increased seizure susceptibility, Journal of Neurochemistry, vol.107, issue.1, pp.91-101, 2004.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.02124.x

R. Sanchez, S. Koh, and C. Rio, Decreased glutamate receptor 2 expression and enhanced epileptogenesis in immature rat hippocampus after perinatal hypoxia-induced seizures, J Neurosci, vol.21, pp.8154-63, 2001.

A. Brooks-kayal, M. Shumate, and H. Jin, Human neuronal gamma-aminobutyric acid(A) receptors: coordinated subunit mRNA expression and functional correlates in individual dentate granule cells, J Neurosci, vol.19, pp.8312-8330, 1999.

D. Coulter, Chronic Epileptogenic Cellular Alterations in the Limbic System After Status Epilepticus, Epilepsia, vol.14, issue.s1, pp.23-33, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/0306-4522(96)00254-0

P. Brunquell, C. Glennon, F. Dimario, . Jr, T. Lerer et al., Prediction of outcome based on clinical seizure type in newborn infants, The Journal of Pediatrics, vol.140, issue.6, pp.707-719, 2002.
DOI : 10.1067/mpd.2002.124773

S. Miller, J. Weiss, and A. Barnwell, Seizure-associated brain injury in term newborns with perinatal asphyxia, Neurology, vol.58, issue.4, pp.542-590, 2002.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.58.4.542

Z. Liu, Y. Yang, and D. Silveira, Consequences of recurrent seizures during early brain development, Neuroscience, vol.92, issue.4, pp.1443-54, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0306-4522(99)00064-0

G. Holmes, M. Sarkisian, Y. Ben-ari, and N. Chevassus-au-louis, Mossy fiber sprouting after recurrent seizures during early development in rats, The Journal of Comparative Neurology, vol.16, issue.4, pp.537-53, 1999.
DOI : 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19990222)404:4<537::AID-CNE9>3.0.CO;2-#
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00486307

Y. Chang, A. Huang, Y. Kuo, S. Wang, Y. Chang et al., Febrile seizures impair memory and cAMP response-element binding protein activation, Annals of Neurology, vol.25, issue.6, pp.701-706, 2003.
DOI : 10.1002/ana.10789

G. Holmes, J. Gairsa, N. Chevassus-au-louis, and Y. Ben-ari, Consequences of neonatal seizures in the rat: Morphological and behavioral effects, Annals of Neurology, vol.97, issue.6, pp.845-57, 1998.
DOI : 10.1002/ana.410440602

J. Neill, Z. Liu, and M. Sarkisian, Recurrent seizures in immature rats: effect on auditory and visual discrimination, Developmental Brain Research, vol.95, issue.2, pp.283-92, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/0165-3806(96)00099-5

P. Riviello, I. De-rogalski-landrot, and G. Holmes, Lack of cell loss following recurrent neonatal seizures, Developmental Brain Research, vol.135, issue.1-2, pp.101-105, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0165-3806(02)00302-4

B. Mccabe, D. Silveira, and M. Cilio, Reduced neurogenesis after neonatal seizures, J Neurosci, vol.21, pp.2094-103, 2001.

R. Landrot, I. Minokoshi, M. Silveira, D. Cha, B. Holmes et al., Recurrent neonatal seizures: relationship of pathology to the electroencephalogram and cognition, Developmental Brain Research, vol.129, issue.1, pp.27-38, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0165-3806(01)00177-8

W. Gowers, Epilepsy and Other Chronic Convulsive Diseases, 1881.

G. Goddard, D. Mcintyre, and C. Leech, A permanent change in brain function resulting from daily electrical stimulation, Experimental Neurology, vol.25, issue.3, pp.295-325, 1969.
DOI : 10.1016/0014-4886(69)90128-9

J. Mcnamara, The kindling model of epilepsy, Adv Neurol, vol.44, pp.303-321, 1986.
DOI : 10.1017/CBO9780511663314.003

K. Morimoto, M. Fahnestock, and R. Racine, Kindling and status epilepticus models of epilepsy: rewiring the brain, Progress in Neurobiology, vol.73, issue.1, pp.1-60, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2004.03.009

Y. 102-ben-ari and M. Gho, Long-lasting modification of the synaptic properties of rat CA3 hippocampal neurones induced by kainic acid., The Journal of Physiology, vol.404, issue.1, pp.365-84, 1988.
DOI : 10.1113/jphysiol.1988.sp017294

I. Khalilov, M. Esclapez, and I. Medina, A Novel In Vitro Preparation: the Intact Hippocampal Formation, Neuron, vol.19, issue.4, pp.743-792, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80956-3
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00522462

R. Khazipov, L. Desfreres, I. Khalilov, B. Ari, and Y. , Three-independentcompartment chamber to study in vitro commissural synapses, J Neurophysiol, vol.81, pp.921-945, 1999.

I. Khalilov, L. Van, Q. Gozlan, H. Ben-ari, and Y. , Epileptogenic Actions of GABA and Fast Oscillations in the Developing Hippocampus, Neuron, vol.48, issue.5, pp.787-96, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuron.2005.09.026
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00484426

Y. 106-ben-ari, R. Khazipov, X. Leinekugel, O. Caillard, J. Gaiarsa et al., GABAA, NMDA and AMPA receptors: a developmentally regulated 'm??nage ?? trois', Trends in Neurosciences, vol.20, issue.11, pp.523-552, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0166-2236(97)01147-8

A. Berg, S. Shinnar, and S. Levy, Two-Year Remission and Subsequent Relapse in Children with Newly Diagnosed Epilepsy, Epilepsia, vol.55, issue.12, pp.1553-62, 2001.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1528-1157.2001.21101.x

M. Sillanpaa, M. Jalava, O. Kaleva, and S. Shinnar, Long-term prognosis of seizures with onset in childhood, N Engl J Med, vol.338, pp.1916-1934, 1998.