C. Appenzeller-herzog and H. P. Hauri, The ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC): in search of its identity and function, Journal of Cell Science, vol.119, issue.11, pp.2173-2183, 2006.
DOI : 10.1242/jcs.03019

J. Beck and M. Nassal, Hepatitis B virus replication, World Journal of Gastroenterology, vol.13, issue.1, pp.48-64, 2007.
DOI : 10.3748/wjg.v13.i1.48

A. Berting, J. Hahnen, M. Kroger, and W. H. Gerlich, Computer-aided studies on the spatial structure of the small hepatitis B surface protein, Intervirology, vol.38, pp.8-15, 1995.

B. S. Blumberg, H. J. Alter, and S. Visnich, A "New" Antigen in Leukemia Sera, JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, vol.191, issue.7, pp.541-546, 1965.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.1965.03080070025007

V. Bruss, Hepatitis B virus morphogenesis, World Journal of Gastroenterology, vol.13, issue.1, pp.65-73, 2007.
DOI : 10.3748/wjg.v13.i1.65

V. Bruss and K. Vieluf, Functions of the internal pre-S domain of the large surface protein in hepatitis B virus particle morphogenesis, J Virol, vol.69, pp.6652-6657, 1995.

B. M. Chain and R. Myers, Variability and conservation in hepatitis B virus core protein, BMC Microbiology, vol.5, issue.1, p.33, 2005.
DOI : 10.1186/1471-2180-5-33

D. Y. Cho, G. H. Yang, C. J. Ryu, and H. J. Hong, Molecular Chaperone GRP78/BiP Interacts with the Large Surface Protein of Hepatitis B Virus In Vitro and In Vivo, Journal of Virology, vol.77, issue.4, pp.2784-2788, 2003.
DOI : 10.1128/JVI.77.4.2784-2788.2003

D. S. Dane, C. H. Cameron, and M. Briggs, VIRUS-LIKE PARTICLES IN SERUM OF PATIENTS WITH AUSTRALIA-ANTIGEN-ASSOCIATED HEPATITIS, The Lancet, vol.295, issue.7649, pp.695-698, 1970.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(70)90926-8

K. A. Dryden, S. F. Wieland, C. Whitten-bauer, J. L. Gerin, F. V. Chisari et al., Native Hepatitis B Virions and Capsids Visualized by Electron Cryomicroscopy, Molecular Cell, vol.22, issue.6, pp.843-850, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.molcel.2006.04.025

M. F. Dubois, C. Pourcel, S. Rousset, C. Chany, and P. Tiollais, Excretion of hepatitis B surface antigen particles from mouse cells transformed with cloned viral DNA., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.77, issue.8, pp.4549-4553, 1980.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.77.8.4549

B. E. Eble, V. R. Lingappa, and D. Ganem, The N-terminal (pre-S2) domain of a hepatitis B virus surface glycoprotein is translocated across membranes by downstream signal sequences, J Virol, vol.64, pp.1414-1419, 1990.

A. Eddleston, Hepatitis, The Lancet, vol.335, issue.8698, pp.1142-1145, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/0140-6736(90)91138-Z

D. Fernholz, M. Stemler, M. Brunetto, F. Bonino, and H. Will, Replicating and virion secreting hepatitis B mutant virus unable to produce preS2 protein, Journal of Hepatology, vol.13, issue.4, pp.102-104, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0168-8278(91)90036-B

A. Gallina, F. Bonelli, L. Zentilin, G. Rindi, M. Muttini et al., A recombinant hepatitis B core antigen polypeptide with the protamine-like domain deleted self-assembles into capsid particles but fails to bind nucleic acids, J Virol, vol.63, pp.4645-4652, 1989.

D. Ganem, Assembly of Hepadnaviral Virions and Subviral Particles, Curr Top Microbiol Immunol, vol.168, pp.61-83, 1991.
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-642-76015-0_4

F. Gavilanes, J. M. Gonzalez-ros, and D. L. Peterson, Structure of hepatitis B surface antigen. Characterization of the lipid components and their association with the viral proteins, J Biol Chem, vol.257, pp.7770-7777, 1982.

E. Gerhardt and V. Bruss, Phenotypic mixing of rodent but not avian hepadnavirus surface proteins into human hepatitis B virus particles, J Virol, vol.69, pp.1201-1208, 1995.

R. J. Gilbert, L. Beales, D. Blond, M. N. Simon, B. Y. Lin et al., Hepatitis B small surface antigen particles are octahedral, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.102, issue.41, pp.14783-14788, 2005.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.0505062102

D. Glebe and S. Urban, Viral and cellular determinants involved in hepadnaviral entry, World Journal of Gastroenterology, vol.13, issue.1, pp.22-38, 2007.
DOI : 10.3748/wjg.v13.i1.22

B. Grigorov, F. Arcanger, P. Roingeard, J. L. Darlix, and D. Muriaux, Assembly of Infectious HIV-1 in Human Epithelial and T-Lymphoblastic Cell Lines, Journal of Molecular Biology, vol.359, issue.4, pp.848-862, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jmb.2006.04.017

P. Gripon, S. Rumin, S. Urban, L. Seyec, J. Glaise et al., Nonlinear partial differential equations and applications: Infection of a human hepatoma cell line by hepatitis B virus, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.99, issue.24, pp.15655-15660, 2002.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.232137699

C. Hartmann-stuhler and R. Prange, Hepatitis B Virus Large Envelope Protein Interacts with ??2-Adaptin, a Clathrin Adaptor-Related Protein, Journal of Virology, vol.75, issue.11, pp.5343-5351, 2001.
DOI : 10.1128/JVI.75.11.5343-5351.2001

K. H. Heermann, U. Goldmann, W. Schwartz, T. Seyffarth, H. Baumgarten et al., Large surface proteins of hepatitis B virus containing the pres sequence, J Virol, vol.52, pp.396-402, 1984.

A. Helenius and M. Aebi, Intracellular Functions of N-Linked Glycans, Science, vol.291, issue.5512, pp.2364-2369, 2001.
DOI : 10.1126/science.291.5512.2364

C. Hourioux, D. Brand, P. Y. Sizaret, F. Lemiale, S. Lebigot et al., Particles, AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, vol.16, issue.12, pp.1141-1147, 2000.
DOI : 10.1089/088922200414983

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00422971

A. P. Huovila, A. M. Eder, and S. D. Fuller, Hepatitis B surface antigen assembles in a post-ER, pre-Golgi compartment, The Journal of Cell Biology, vol.118, issue.6, pp.1305-1320, 1992.
DOI : 10.1083/jcb.118.6.1305

A. R. Jilbert, D. S. Miller, C. A. Scougall, H. Turnbull, and C. J. Burrell, Kinetics of Duck Hepatitis B Virus Infection Following Low Dose Virus Inoculation: One Virus DNA Genome Is Infectious in Neonatal Ducks, Virology, vol.226, issue.2, pp.338-345, 1996.
DOI : 10.1006/viro.1996.0661

K. Chua, P. Lin, M. H. Shih, and C. , Potent inhibition of human Hepatitis B virus replication by a host factor Vps4, Virology, vol.354, issue.1, pp.1-6, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.virol.2006.07.018

C. Lambert and R. Prange, Chaperone action in the posttranslational topological reorientation of the hepatitis B virus large envelope protein: Implications for translocational regulation, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.100, issue.9, pp.5199-5204, 2003.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.0930813100

C. Lambert, T. Doring, and R. Prange, Hepatitis B Virus Maturation Is Sensitive to Functional Inhibition of ESCRT-III, Vps4, and ??2-Adaptin, Journal of Virology, vol.81, issue.17, pp.9050-9060, 2007.
DOI : 10.1128/JVI.00479-07

H. Loffler-mary, M. Werr, and R. Prange, Sequence-Specific Repression of Cotranslational Translocation of the Hepatitis B Virus Envelope Proteins Coincides with Binding of Heat Shock Protein Hsc70, Virology, vol.235, issue.1, pp.144-152, 1997.
DOI : 10.1006/viro.1997.8689

C. M. Mangold and R. E. Streeck, Mutational analysis of the cysteine residues in the hepatitis B virus small envelope protein, J Virol, vol.67, pp.4588-4597, 1993.

W. S. Mason, C. Aldrich, J. Summers, and J. M. Taylor, Asymmetric replication of duck hepatitis B virus DNA in liver cells: Free minus-strand DNA., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.79, issue.13, pp.3997-4001, 1982.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.79.13.3997

M. Nassal, The arginine-rich domain of the hepatitis B virus core protein is required for pregenome encapsidation and productive viral positive-strand DNA synthesis but not for virus assembly, J Virol, vol.66, pp.4107-4116, 1992.

M. A. Nowak, S. Bonhoeffer, A. M. Hill, R. Boehme, H. C. Thomas et al., Viral dynamics in hepatitis B virus infection., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.93, issue.9, pp.4398-4402, 1996.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.93.9.4398

R. Patient, C. Hourioux, P. Y. Sizaret, S. Trassard, C. Sureau et al., Hepatitis B Virus Subviral Envelope Particle Morphogenesis and Intracellular Trafficking, Journal of Virology, vol.81, issue.8, pp.3842-3851, 2007.
DOI : 10.1128/JVI.02741-06

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1866106

E. J. Patzer, G. R. Nakamura, C. C. Simonsen, A. D. Levinson, and R. Brands, Intracellular assembly and packaging of hepatitis B surface antigen particles occur in the endoplasmic reticulum, J Virol, vol.58, pp.884-892, 1986.

D. H. Persing, H. E. Varmus, and D. Ganem, Inhibition of secretion of hepatitis B surface antigen by a related presurface polypeptide, Science, vol.234, issue.4782, pp.1388-1391, 1986.
DOI : 10.1126/science.3787251

D. H. Persing, H. E. Varmus, and D. Ganem, The preS1 protein of hepatitis B virus is acylated at its amino terminus with myristic acid, J Virol, vol.61, pp.1672-1677, 1987.

B. Persson and P. Argos, Prediction of Transmembrane Segments in Proteins Utilising Multiple Sequence Alignments, Journal of Molecular Biology, vol.237, issue.2, pp.182-192, 1994.
DOI : 10.1006/jmbi.1994.1220

J. F. Perz, G. L. Armstrong, L. A. Farrington, Y. J. Hutin, and B. P. Bell, The contributions of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections to cirrhosis and primary liver cancer worldwide, Journal of Hepatology, vol.45, issue.4, pp.529-538, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jhep.2006.05.013

D. L. Peterson, N. Nath, and F. Gavilanes, Structure of hepatitis B surface antigen. Correlation of subtype with amino acid sequence and location of the carbohydrate moiety, J Biol Chem, vol.257, pp.10414-10420, 1982.

F. Poisson, A. Severac, C. Hourioux, A. Goudeau, and P. Roingeard, Both Pre-S1 and S Domains of Hepatitis B Virus Envelope Proteins Interact with the Core Particle, Virology, vol.228, issue.1, pp.115-120, 1997.
DOI : 10.1006/viro.1996.8367

D. Ponsel and V. Bruss, Mapping of Amino Acid Side Chains on the Surface of Hepatitis B Virus Capsids Required for Envelopment and Virion Formation, Journal of Virology, vol.77, issue.1, pp.416-422, 2003.
DOI : 10.1128/JVI.77.1.416-422.2003

B. Rabe, A. Vlachou, N. Pante, A. Helenius, and M. Kann, Nuclear import of hepatitis B virus capsids and release of the viral genome, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.100, issue.17, pp.9849-9854, 2003.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.1730940100

P. Roingeard, Vacuolization in hepatitis B virus-infected hepatocytes, Hepatology, vol.28, issue.5, pp.1223-1224, 2003.
DOI : 10.1053/jhep.2003.50168

P. Roingeard, Viral detection by electron microscopy: past, present and future, Biology of the Cell, vol.312, issue.8, pp.491-501, 2008.
DOI : 10.1042/BC20070173

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00308276

P. Roingeard and C. Sureau, Ultrastructural analysis of hepatitis B virus in HepG2-transfected cells with special emphasis on subviral filament morphogenesis, Hepatology, vol.140, issue.4, pp.1128-1133, 1998.
DOI : 10.1002/hep.510280431

A. M. Roseman, J. A. Berriman, S. A. Wynne, P. J. Butler, and R. A. Crowther, A structural model for maturation of the hepatitis B virus core, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.102, issue.44, pp.15821-15826, 2005.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.0504874102

M. Rost, S. Mann, C. Lambert, T. Doring, N. Thome et al., ??2-Adaptin, a Novel Ubiquitin-interacting Adaptor, and Nedd4 Ubiquitin Ligase Control Hepatitis B Virus Maturation, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.281, issue.39, pp.29297-29308, 2006.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M603517200

O. Satoh, H. Imai, T. Yoneyama, T. Miyamura, H. Utsumi et al., Membrane Structure of the Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen Particle, Journal of Biochemistry, vol.127, issue.4, pp.543-550, 2000.
DOI : 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a022639

S. Seitz, S. Urban, C. Antoni, and B. Bottcher, Cryo-electron microscopy of hepatitis B virions reveals variability in envelope capsid interactions, The EMBO Journal, vol.35, issue.18, pp.4160-4167, 2007.
DOI : 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601841

T. Slagsvold, K. Pattni, L. Malerod, and H. Stenmark, Endosomal and non-endosomal functions of ESCRT proteins, Trends in Cell Biology, vol.16, issue.6, pp.317-326, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tcb.2006.04.004

N. Sonveaux, K. Conrath, C. Capiau, R. Brasseur, E. Goormaghtigh et al., The topology of the S protein in the yeast-derived hepatitis B surface antigen particles, J Biol Chem, vol.269, pp.25637-25645, 1994.

W. Stibbe and W. H. Gerlich, Variable protein composition of hepatitis B surface antigen from different donors, Virology, vol.123, issue.2, pp.436-442, 1982.
DOI : 10.1016/0042-6822(82)90275-6

J. Summers and W. S. Mason, Replication of the genome of a hepatitis B-like virus by reverse transcription of an RNA intermediate, Cell, vol.29, issue.2, pp.403-415, 1982.
DOI : 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90157-X

J. Summers, P. M. Smith, and A. L. Horwich, Hepadnavirus envelope proteins regulate covalently closed circular DNA amplification, J Virol, vol.64, pp.2819-2824, 1990.

C. Sureau, J. L. Romet-lemonne, J. I. Mullins, and M. Essex, Production of hepatitis B virus by a differentiated human hepatoma cell line after transfection with cloned circular HBV DNA, Cell, vol.47, issue.1, pp.37-47, 1986.
DOI : 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90364-8

T. K. Tolle, D. Glebe, M. Linder, D. Linder, S. Schmitt et al., Structure and glycosylation patterns of surface proteins from woodchuck hepatitis virus, J Virol, vol.72, pp.9978-9985, 1998.

T. Watanabe, E. M. Sorensen, A. Naito, M. Schott, S. Kim et al., Involvement of host cellular multivesicular body functions in hepatitis B virus budding, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.104, issue.24, pp.10205-10210, 2007.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.0704000104

B. Weiser, D. Ganem, C. Seeger, and H. E. Varmus, Closed circular viral DNA and asymmetrical heterogeneous forms in livers from animals infected with ground squirrel hepatitis virus, J Virol, vol.48, pp.1-9, 1983.

M. Werr and R. Prange, Role for calnexin and N-linked glycosylation in the assembly and secretion of hepatitis B virus middle envelope protein particles, J Virol, vol.72, pp.778-782, 1998.

S. A. Wynne, R. A. Crowther, and A. G. Leslie, The Crystal Structure of the Human Hepatitis B Virus Capsid, Molecular Cell, vol.3, issue.6, pp.771-780, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S1097-2765(01)80009-5

K. Yaginuma, Y. Shirakata, M. Kobayashi, and K. Koike, Hepatitis B virus (HBV) particles are produced in a cell culture system by transient expression of transfected HBV DNA., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.84, issue.9, pp.2678-2682, 1987.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.84.9.2678

T. T. Yuan and C. Shih, A Frequent, Naturally Occurring Mutation (P130T) of Human Hepatitis B Virus Core Antigen Is Compensatory for Immature Secretion Phenotype of Another Frequent Variant (I97L), Journal of Virology, vol.74, issue.10, pp.4929-4932, 2000.
DOI : 10.1128/JVI.74.10.4929-4932.2000

J. Zheng, F. Schodel, and D. L. Peterson, The structure of hepadnaviral core antigens. Identification of free thiols and determination of the disulfide bonding pattern, J Biol Chem, vol.267, pp.9422-9429, 1992.

S. Zhou and D. N. Standring, Hepatitis B virus capsid particles are assembled from core-protein dimer precursors., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.89, issue.21, pp.10046-10050, 1992.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.89.21.10046

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC50274