Comparative toxicity of 24 manufactured nanoparticles in human alveolar epithelial and macrophage cell lines. - Inserm - Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale Access content directly
Journal Articles Part Fibre Toxicol Year : 2009

Comparative toxicity of 24 manufactured nanoparticles in human alveolar epithelial and macrophage cell lines.

Abstract

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: A critical issue with nanomaterials is the clear understanding of their potential toxicity. We evaluated the toxic effect of 24 nanoparticles of similar equivalent spherical diameter and various elemental compositions on 2 human pulmonary cell lines: A549 and THP-1. A secondary aim was to elaborate a generic experimental set-up that would allow the rapid screening of cytotoxic effect of nanoparticles. We therefore compared 2 cytotoxicity assays (MTT and Neutral Red) and analyzed 2 time points (3 and 24 hours) for each cell type and nanoparticle. When possible, TC50 (Toxic Concentration 50 i.e. nanoparticle concentration inducing 50% cell mortality) was calculated. RESULTS: The use of MTT assay on THP-1 cells exposed for 24 hours appears to be the most sensitive experimental design to assess the cytotoxic effect of one nanoparticle. With this experimental set-up, Copper- and Zinc-based nanoparticles appear to be the most toxic. Titania, Alumina, Ceria and Zirconia-based nanoparticles show moderate toxicity, and no toxicity was observed for Tungsten Carbide. No correlation between cytotoxicity and equivalent spherical diameter or specific surface area was found. CONCLUSION: Our study clearly highlights the difference of sensitivity between cell types and cytotoxicity assays that has to be carefully taken into account when assessing nanoparticles toxicity.
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Dates and versions

inserm-00407214 , version 1 (24-07-2009)

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Sophie Lanone, Françoise Rogerieux, Jorina Geys, Aurélie Dupont, Emmanuelle Maillot-Marechal, et al.. Comparative toxicity of 24 manufactured nanoparticles in human alveolar epithelial and macrophage cell lines.. Part Fibre Toxicol, 2009, 6, pp.14. ⟨10.1186/1743-8977-6-14⟩. ⟨inserm-00407214⟩
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