L. Bilezikjian and W. Vale, -Monophosphate in Cultured Anterior Pituitary Cells*, Endocrinology, vol.113, issue.2, pp.657-62, 1983.
DOI : 10.1210/endo-113-2-657

S. Bustin, Quantification of mRNA using real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR): trends and problems, Journal of Molecular Endocrinology, vol.29, issue.1, pp.23-39, 2002.
DOI : 10.1677/jme.0.0290023

C. Chang, R. Pearse, O. Connel, S. Rosenfeld, and M. , Identification of a seven transmembrane helix receptor for corticotropin-releasing factor and sauvagine in mammalian brain, Neuron, vol.11, issue.6, pp.1187-95, 1993.
DOI : 10.1016/0896-6273(93)90230-O

E. Chatzaki, B. Murphy, L. Wang, M. Million, G. Ohning et al., Differential profile of CRF receptor distribution in the rat stomach and duodenum assessed by newly developed CRF receptor antibodies, Journal of Neurochemistry, vol.11, issue.1, pp.1-11, 2004.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.02078.x

R. Chen, K. Lewis, M. Perrin, and W. Vale, Expression cloning of a human corticotropin-releasing-factor receptor., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.90, issue.19, pp.8967-71, 1993.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.90.19.8967

A. Dunn and C. Berridge, Physiological and behavioral responses to corticotropin-releasing factor administration: is CRF a mediator of anxiety or stress responses?, Brain Research Reviews, vol.15, issue.2, pp.71-100, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/0165-0173(90)90012-D

F. Feroze-merzoug, I. Berquin, J. Dey, and Y. Chen, Peptidylprolyl isomerase A (PPIA) as a preferred internal control over GAPDH and beta-actin in quantitative RNA analyses, Biotechniques, vol.32, pp.776-784, 2002.

V. Giguere and F. Labrie, Additive effects of epinephrine and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) on adrenocorticotropin release in rat anterior pituitary cells, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.110, issue.2, pp.456-62, 1983.
DOI : 10.1016/0006-291X(83)91171-3

A. Giulietti, L. Overbergh, D. Valckx, B. Decallonne, R. Bouillon et al., An Overview of Real-Time Quantitative PCR: Applications to Quantify Cytokine Gene Expression, Methods, vol.25, issue.4, pp.386-401, 2001.
DOI : 10.1006/meth.2001.1261

M. Hanani and J. Wood, Corticotropin-releasing hormone excites myenteric neurons in the guinea-pig small intestine, European Journal of Pharmacology, vol.211, issue.1, pp.23-30, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/0014-2999(92)90256-4

S. Harada, T. Imaki, M. Naruse, N. Chikada, K. Nakajima et al., Urocortin mRNA is expressed in the enteric nervous system of the rat, Neuroscience Letters, vol.267, issue.2, pp.125-133, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0304-3940(99)00349-3

R. Hauger, D. Grigoriadis, M. Dallman, P. Plotsky, W. Vale et al., International Union of Pharmacology. XXXVI. Current Status of the Nomenclature for Receptors for Corticotropin-Releasing Factor and Their Ligands, Pharmacological Reviews, vol.55, issue.1, pp.21-27, 2003.
DOI : 10.1124/pr.55.1.3

S. Hoare, S. Sullivan, J. Fan, K. Khongsaly, and D. Grigoriadis, Peptide ligand binding properties of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) type 2 receptor: pharmacology of endogenously expressed receptors, G-protein-coupling sensitivity and determinants of CRF2 receptor selectivity, Peptides, vol.26, issue.3, pp.457-70, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.peptides.2004.10.019

Y. Kawahito, H. Sano, M. Kawata, Y. K. Mukai, S. Yamamura et al., Local secretion of corticotropin-releasing hormone by enterochromaffin cells in human colon, Gastroenterology, vol.106, issue.4, pp.859-65, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-5085(94)90743-9

Y. Kawahito, H. Sano, S. Mukai, K. Asai, S. Kimura et al., Corticotropin releasing hormone in colonic mucosa in patients with ulcerative colitis., Gut, vol.37, issue.4, pp.544-51, 1995.
DOI : 10.1136/gut.37.4.544

C. Keller, A. Bruelisauer, M. Lemaire, and A. Enz, Brain Pharmacokinetics of a Nonpeptidic Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Receptor Antagonist, Drug Metabolism and Disposition, vol.30, issue.2, pp.173-179, 2002.
DOI : 10.1124/dmd.30.2.173

N. Kihara, M. Fujimura, I. Yamamoto, E. Itoh, A. Inui et al., Effects of central and peripheral urocortin on fed and fasted gastroduodenal motor activity in conscious rats, Am J Physiol, vol.280, pp.406-425, 2001.

T. Kozicz and A. Arimura, Erratum to ???Distribution of urocortin in the rat???s gastrointestinal tract and its colocalization with tyrosine hydroxylase???, Peptides, vol.23, issue.9, p.1711, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0196-9781(02)00132-8

C. Lee and S. Sarna, Central regulation of gastric emptying of solid nutrient meals by corticotropin releasing factor, Neurogastroenterology and Motility, vol.9, issue.4, pp.221-230, 1997.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-2982.1997.d01-58.x

K. Lewis, C. Li, M. Perrin, A. Blount, K. Kunitake et al., Identification of urocortin III, an additional member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family with high affinity for the CRF2 receptor, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.98, issue.13, pp.7570-7575, 2001.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.121165198

S. Liu, X. Gao, N. Gao, X. Wang, X. Fang et al., Expression of type 1 corticotropin-releasing factor receptor in the guinea pig enteric nervous system, The Journal of Comparative Neurology, vol.204, issue.3, pp.284-98, 2005.
DOI : 10.1002/cne.20370

K. Livak and T. Schmittgen, Analysis of Relative Gene Expression Data Using Real-Time Quantitative PCR and the 2???????CT Method, Methods, vol.25, issue.4, pp.402-410, 2001.
DOI : 10.1006/meth.2001.1262

T. Lovenberg, C. Liaw, D. Grigoriadis, W. Clevenger, D. Chalmers et al., Cloning and characterization of a functionally distinct corticotropin-releasing factor receptor subtype from rat brain., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.92, issue.3, pp.836-876, 1995.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.92.3.836

T. Lovenberg, D. Chalmers, C. Liu, D. Souza, and E. , CRF2a and CRF2b mRNAs are differentially distributed between the rat central nervous system and peripheral tissues, Endocrinology, vol.136, pp.4139-4181, 1995.

C. Maillot, M. Million, J. Wei, A. Gauthier, and Y. Tache, Peripheral corticotropin-releasing factor and stress-stimulated colonic motor activity involve type 1 receptor in rats, Gastroenterology, vol.119, issue.6, pp.1569-79, 2000.
DOI : 10.1053/gast.2000.20251

R. Mancinelli, G. Azzena, M. Diana, A. Forgione, and W. Fratta, In vitro excitatory actions of corticotropin-releasing factor on rat colonic motility, Journal of Autonomic Pharmacology, vol.128, issue.6, pp.319-343, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/0196-9781(88)90090-3

V. Martinez, L. Wang, J. Rivier, W. Vale, and Y. Tache, Differential Actions of Peripheral Corticotropin-Releasing Factor (CRF), Urocortin II, and Urocortin III on Gastric Emptying and Colonic Transit in Mice: Role of CRF Receptor Subtypes 1 and 2, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, vol.301, issue.2, pp.611-618, 2002.
DOI : 10.1124/jpet.301.2.611

V. Martinez, L. Wang, M. Million, J. Rivier, and Y. Tache, Urocortins and the regulation of gastrointestinal motor function and visceral pain, Peptides, vol.25, issue.10, pp.1733-1777, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.peptides.2004.05.025

E. Mayer and S. Collins, Evolving pathophysiologic models of functional gastrointestinal disorders, Gastroenterology, vol.122, issue.7, pp.2032-2080, 2002.
DOI : 10.1053/gast.2002.33584

M. Miampamba, C. Maillot, M. Million, and Y. Tache, Peripheral CRF activates myenteric neurons in the proximal colon through CRF(1) receptor in conscious rats, Am J Physiol, vol.282, pp.857-65, 2002.

M. Million, C. Maillot, P. Saunders, J. Rivier, W. Vale et al., -mediated action on gastric transit in rats, American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, vol.282, issue.1, pp.34-40, 2002.
DOI : 10.1152/ajpgi.00283.2001

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/in2p3-00001670

Y. Muramatsu, K. Fukushima, K. Iino, K. Totsune, K. Takahashi et al., Urocortin and corticotropin-releasing factor receptor expression in the human colonic mucosa, Peptides, vol.21, issue.12, pp.1799-809, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0196-9781(00)00335-1

T. Nozu, V. Martinez, J. Rivier, and Y. Tache, Peripheral urocortin delays gastric emptying: role of CRF receptor 2, Am J Physiol, vol.276, pp.867-74, 1999.

T. Pappas, H. Debas, and Y. Tache, Corticotropin-releasing factor inhibits gastric emptying in dogs, Regulatory Peptides, vol.11, issue.3, pp.193-202, 1985.
DOI : 10.1016/0167-0115(85)90050-3

M. Perrin and W. Vale, Corticotropin Releasing Factor Receptors and Their Ligand Family, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol.137, issue.1, pp.312-340, 1999.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08687.x

M. Perrin, C. Donaldson, R. Chen, A. Blount, T. Berggren et al., Identification of a second corticotropin-releasing factor receptor gene and characterization of a cDNA expressed in heart., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.92, issue.7, pp.2969-73, 1995.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.92.7.2969

P. Petkova-kirova, H. Gagov, and D. Duridanova, Urocortin hyperpolarizes stomach smooth muscle via activation of p e p t i d e s x x

C. Porcher, A. Juhem, A. Peinnequin, V. Sinniger, and B. Bonaz, Expression and effects of metabotropic CRF1 and CRF2 receptors in rat small intestine, AJP: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, vol.288, issue.5, pp.1091-103, 2005.
DOI : 10.1152/ajpgi.00302.2004

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00670392

A. Radonic, S. Thulke, I. Mackay, O. Landt, W. Siegert et al., Guideline to reference gene selection for quantitative real-time PCR, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.313, issue.4, pp.856-62, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.11.177

T. Reyes, K. Lewis, M. Perrin, K. Kunitake, J. Vaughan et al., Urocortin II: A member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) neuropeptide family that is selectively bound by type 2 CRF receptors, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.98, issue.5, pp.2843-2851, 2001.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.051626398

M. Saruta, K. Takahashi, T. Suzuki, T. Fukuda, A. Torii et al., Urocortin 3/stresscopin in human colon: possible modulators of gastrointestinal function during stressful conditions, Peptides, vol.26, issue.7, pp.1196-206, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.peptides.2005.01.014

P. Saunders, C. Maillot, M. Million, and Y. Tache, Peripheral corticotropin-releasing factor induces diarrhea in rats: role of CRF1 receptor in fecal watery excretion, European Journal of Pharmacology, vol.435, issue.2-3, pp.231-236, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0014-2999(01)01574-6

P. Sawchenko and L. Swanson, Organization of CRF immunoreactive cells and fibers in the rat brain: immunohistochemical studies Corticotropin-Releasing Factor: Basic and Clinical Studies of a Neuropeptide, Boca Raton FL: CRC, pp.29-51, 1990.

L. Wang, V. Martinez, J. Rivier, and Y. Tache, Peripheral urocortin inhibits gastric emptying and food intake in mice: differential role of CRF receptor 2, Am J Physiol, vol.281, pp.1401-1411, 2001.

C. Williams, J. Peterson, R. Villar, and T. Burks, Corticotropin-releasing factor directly mediates colonic responses to stress, Am J Physiol, vol.253, pp.582-588, 1987.

C. Williams, R. Villar, J. Peterson, and T. Burks, Stress-induced changes in intestinal transit in the rat: A model for irritable bowel syndrome, Gastroenterology, vol.94, issue.3, pp.611-632, 1988.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-5085(88)90231-4

H. Wolter, Corticotropin-releasing factor is contained within perikarya and nerve fibres of rat duodenum, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.122, issue.1, pp.381-388, 1984.
DOI : 10.1016/0006-291X(84)90486-8