P. Dayan and L. Abbott, Theoretical neuroscience: computational and mathematical modeling of neural systems, Cambridge (Massachusetts, vol.460, 2001.

A. Engel, P. Fries, and W. Singer, Dynamic predictions: Oscillations and synchrony in top???down processing, Nature Reviews Neuroscience, vol.51, issue.10, pp.704-716, 2001.
DOI : 10.1038/35094565

A. Mcintosh, Towards a network theory of cognition, Neural Networks, vol.13, issue.8-9, pp.861-870, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0893-6080(00)00059-9

E. Salinas and T. Sejnowski, Correlated neuronal activity and the flow of neural information, Nature Reviews Neuroscience, vol.98, issue.8, pp.539-550, 2001.
DOI : 10.1038/35086012

K. Friston, Learning and inference in the brain, Neural Networks, vol.16, issue.9, pp.1325-1352, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neunet.2003.06.005

A. Angelucci and P. Bressloff, Contribution of feedforward, lateral and feedback connections to the classical receptive field center and extra-classical receptive field surround of primate V1 neurons, Prog Brain Res, vol.154, pp.93-120, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/S0079-6123(06)54005-1

F. Crick and C. Koch, Constraints on cortical and thalamic projections: the no-strong-loops hypothesis, Nature, vol.391, issue.6664, pp.245-250, 1998.
DOI : 10.1038/34584

D. Felleman and D. Van-essen, Distributed Hierarchical Processing in the Primate Cerebral Cortex, Cerebral Cortex, vol.1, issue.1, pp.1-47, 1991.
DOI : 10.1093/cercor/1.1.1

O. Sporns, G. Tononi, and G. Edelman, Theoretical Neuroanatomy: Relating Anatomical and Functional Connectivity in Graphs and Cortical Connection Matrices, Cerebral Cortex, vol.10, issue.2, pp.127-141, 2000.
DOI : 10.1093/cercor/10.2.127

J. Engel and . Jr, Chapter 40 Models of focal epilepsy, Suppl Clin Neurophysiol, vol.57, pp.392-399, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S1567-424X(09)70376-9

K. Friston, W. Penny, and O. David, Modeling Brain Responses, Int Rev Neurobiol, vol.66, pp.89-124, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/S0074-7742(05)66003-5

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00391150

C. Buchel and K. Friston, Interactions among neuronal systems assessed with functional neuroimaging, Rev Neurol, vol.157, pp.807-815, 2001.

O. David, D. Cosmelli, and K. Friston, Evaluation of different measures of functional connectivity using a neural mass model, NeuroImage, vol.21, issue.2, pp.659-673, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.10.006

K. Friston, L. Harrison, and W. Penny, Dynamic causal modelling, NeuroImage, vol.19, issue.4, pp.1273-1302, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S1053-8119(03)00202-7

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00388972

A. Mcintosh and F. Gonzalez-lima, Network interactions among limbic cortices, basal forebrain, and cerebellum differentiate a tone conditioned as a Pavlovian excitor or inhibitor: fluorodeoxyglucose mapping and covariance structural modeling, J Neurophysiol, vol.72, pp.1717-1733, 1994.

Q. Quiroga, R. Kraskov, A. Kreuz, T. Grassberger, and P. , Reply to ???Comment on ???Performance of different synchronization measures in real data: A case study on electroencephalographic signals??? ???, Physical Review E, vol.72, issue.6, p.41903, 2002.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevE.72.063902

G. Tononi, A. Mcintosh, D. Russell, and G. Edelman, Functional Clustering: Identifying Strongly Interactive Brain Regions in Neuroimaging Data, NeuroImage, vol.7, issue.2, pp.133-149, 1998.
DOI : 10.1006/nimg.1997.0313

F. Varela, J. Lachaux, E. Rodriguez, and J. Martinerie, The brainweb: phase synchronization and large-scale integration, Nature Reviews Neuroscience, vol.2, issue.4, pp.229-239, 2001.
DOI : 10.1038/35067550

N. Logothetis and B. Wandell, Interpreting the BOLD Signal, Annual Review of Physiology, vol.66, issue.1, pp.735-769, 2004.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.physiol.66.082602.092845

K. Friston, A. Mechelli, R. Turner, and C. Price, Nonlinear Responses in fMRI: The Balloon Model, Volterra Kernels, and Other Hemodynamics, NeuroImage, vol.12, issue.4, pp.466-477, 2000.
DOI : 10.1006/nimg.2000.0630

C. Iadecola, Neurovascular regulation in the normal brain and in Alzheimer's disease, Nature Reviews Neuroscience, vol.38, issue.5, pp.347-360, 2004.
DOI : 10.1038/76673

S. Lee, T. Duong, G. Yang, C. Iadecola, and S. Kim, Relative changes of cerebral arterial and venous blood volumes during increased cerebral blood flow: Implications for BOLD fMRI, Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, vol.38, issue.5, pp.791-800, 2001.
DOI : 10.1002/mrm.1107

K. Friston, J. Phillips, D. Chawla, and C. Buchel, Nonlinear PCA: characterizing interactions between modes of brain activity, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol.355, issue.1393, pp.135-146, 2000.
DOI : 10.1098/rstb.2000.0554

P. Lahaye, J. Poline, G. Flandin, S. Dodel, and L. Garnero, Functional connectivity: studying nonlinear, delayed interactions between BOLD signals, NeuroImage, vol.20, issue.2, pp.962-974, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S1053-8119(03)00340-9

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00615639

A. Roebroeck, E. Formisano, and R. Goebel, Mapping directed influence over the brain using Granger causality and fMRI, NeuroImage, vol.25, issue.1, pp.230-242, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.11.017

E. Bullmore, B. Horwitz, G. Honey, M. Brammer, S. Williams et al., How Good Is Good Enough in Path Analysis of fMRI Data?, NeuroImage, vol.11, issue.4, pp.289-301, 2000.
DOI : 10.1006/nimg.2000.0544

L. Danober, C. Deransart, A. Depaulis, M. Vergnes, and C. Marescaux, Pathophysiological mechanisms of genetic absence epilepsy in the rat, Progress in Neurobiology, vol.55, issue.1, pp.27-57, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0301-0082(97)00091-9

A. Depaulis and G. Van-luitjelaar, Genetic models of absence epilepsy The rat models of seizures and epilepsy, pp.233-248, 2005.

M. Vergnes, C. Marescaux, and A. Depaulis, Mapping of spontaneous spike and wave discharges in Wistar rats with genetic generalized non-convulsive epilepsy, Brain Research, vol.523, issue.1, pp.87-91, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/0006-8993(90)91638-W

P. Polack, I. Guillemain, E. Hu, C. Deransart, and A. Depaulis, Deep Layer Somatosensory Cortical Neurons Initiate Spike-and-Wave Discharges in a Genetic Model of Absence Seizures, Journal of Neuroscience, vol.27, issue.24, pp.6590-6599, 2007.
DOI : 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0753-07.2007

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00385581

H. Meeren, G. Van-luijtelaar, F. Lopes-da-silva, and A. Coenen, Evolving Concepts on the Pathophysiology of Absence Seizures, Archives of Neurology, vol.62, issue.3, pp.371-376, 2005.
DOI : 10.1001/archneur.62.3.371

H. Meeren, J. Pijn, E. Van-luijtelaar, A. Coenen, and F. Lopes-da-silva, Cortical focus drives widespread corticothalamic networks during spontaneous absence seizures in rats, J Neurosci, vol.22, pp.1480-1495, 2002.

R. Goebel, A. Roebroeck, D. Kim, and E. Formisano, Investigating directed cortical interactions in time-resolved fMRI data using vector autoregressive modeling and Granger causality mapping, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, vol.21, issue.10, pp.1251-1261, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/j.mri.2003.08.026

G. Glover, Deconvolution of Impulse Response in Event-Related BOLD fMRI1, NeuroImage, vol.9, issue.4, pp.416-429, 1999.
DOI : 10.1006/nimg.1998.0419

J. Duncan, Epilepsy surgery, Clinical Medicine, vol.7, issue.2, pp.137-142, 2007.
DOI : 10.7861/clinmedicine.7-2-137

G. Van-luijtelaar and E. Sitnikova, Global and focal aspects of absence epilepsy: The contribution of genetic models, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, vol.30, issue.7, pp.983-1003, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2006.03.002

H. Jasper and J. Kershman, ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC CLASSIFICATION OF THE EPILEPSIES, Archives of Neurology And Psychiatry, vol.45, issue.6, pp.903-943, 1941.
DOI : 10.1001/archneurpsyc.1941.02280180015001

W. Penfield and H. Jasper, EPILEPSY AND THE FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF THE HUMAN BRAIN, Massachusetts): Little, Brown, 1954.
DOI : 10.1097/00007611-195407000-00024

G. Avanzini, F. Panzica, and M. De-curtis, The role of the thalamus in vigilance and epileptogenic mechanisms, Clinical Neurophysiology, vol.111, pp.19-26, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S1388-2457(00)00398-9

T. Bal, M. Von-krosigk, and D. Mccormick, Role of the ferret perigeniculate nucleus in the generation of synchronized oscillations in vitro., The Journal of Physiology, vol.483, issue.3, pp.665-685, 1995.
DOI : 10.1113/jphysiol.1995.sp020613

G. Buzsaki, The thalamic clock: Emergent network properties, Neuroscience, vol.41, issue.2-3, pp.351-364, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0306-4522(91)90332-I

M. Steriade and D. Contreras, Relations between cortical and thalamic cellular events during transition from sleep patterns to paroxysmal activity, J Neurosci, vol.15, pp.623-642, 1995.

M. Steriade and D. Contreras, Spike-wave complexes and fast components of cortically generated seizures. I. Role of neocortex and thalamus, J Neurophysiol, vol.80, pp.1439-1455, 1998.

I. Timofeev and M. Steriade, Neocortical seizures: initiation, development and cessation, Neuroscience, vol.123, issue.2, pp.299-336, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2003.08.051

A. Coenen and E. Van-luijtelaar, Genetic animal models for absence epilepsy: a review of the WAG/Rij strain of rats, Behavior Genetics, vol.33, issue.6, pp.635-655, 2003.
DOI : 10.1023/A:1026179013847

Y. Aghakhani, A. Bagshaw, C. Benar, C. Hawco, and F. Andermann, fMRI activation during spike and wave discharges in idiopathic generalized epilepsy, Brain, vol.127, issue.5, pp.1127-1144, 2004.
DOI : 10.1093/brain/awh136

M. Prevett, J. Duncan, T. Jones, D. Fish, and D. Brooks, Demonstration of thalarnic activation during typical absence seizures using H2 15O and PET, Neurology, vol.45, issue.7, pp.1396-1402, 1995.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.45.7.1396

C. Marescaux, M. Vergnes, and A. Depaulis, Neurotransmission in rats' spontaneous generalized nonconvulsive epilepsy, Epilepsy Res, vol.8, pp.335-343, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/B978-0-444-89710-7.50047-1

C. Deransart and A. Depaulis, The control of seizures by the basal ganglia? A review of experimental data, Epileptic Disord, vol.4, pp.61-72, 2002.

C. Deransart, V. Riban, B. Le, C. Marescaux, and A. Depaulis, Dopamine in the striatum modulates seizures in a genetic model of absence epilepsy in the rat, Neuroscience, vol.100, issue.2, pp.335-344, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0306-4522(00)00266-9

A. Depaulis, M. Vergnes, and C. Marescaux, Endogenous control of epilepsy: The nigral inhibitory system, Progress in Neurobiology, vol.42, issue.1, pp.33-52, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0301-0082(94)90020-5

H. Nersesyan, F. Hyder, D. Rothman, and H. Blumenfeld, Dynamic fMRI and EEG recordings during spike-wave seizures and generalized tonicclonic seizures in WAG/Rij rats, J Cereb Blood Flow Metab, vol.24, pp.589-599, 2004.

J. Tenney, T. Duong, J. King, and C. Ferris, fMRI of Brain Activation in a Genetic Rat Model of Absence Seizures, Epilepsia, vol.2000, issue.6, pp.576-582, 2004.
DOI : 10.1023/A:1026179013847

C. Iadecola and M. Nedergaard, Glial regulation of the cerebral microvasculature, Nature Neuroscience, vol.281, issue.11, pp.1369-1376, 2007.
DOI : 10.1038/nn2003

M. Chavez, J. Martinerie, L. Van, and Q. , Statistical assessment of nonlinear causality: application to epileptic EEG signals, Journal of Neuroscience Methods, vol.124, issue.2, pp.113-128, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0165-0270(02)00367-9

W. Freiwald, P. Valdes, J. Bosch, R. Biscay, and J. Jimenez, Testing non-linearity and directedness of interactions between neural groups in the macaque inferotemporal cortex, Journal of Neuroscience Methods, vol.94, issue.1, pp.105-119, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0165-0270(99)00129-6

D. Marinazzo, M. Pellicoro, and S. Stramaglia, Nonlinear parametric model for Granger causality of time series, Physical Review E, vol.73, issue.6, p.66216, 2006.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevE.73.066216

E. Pereda, R. Rial, A. Gamundi, and J. Gonzalez, Assessment of changing interdependencies between human electroencephalograms using nonlinear methods, Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena, vol.148, issue.1-2, pp.147-158, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0167-2789(00)00190-1

J. Stark, D. Broomhead, M. Davies, and J. Huke, Delay Embeddings for Forced Systems. II. Stochastic Forcing, Journal of Nonlinear Science, vol.13, issue.6, pp.519-577, 2003.
DOI : 10.1007/s00332-003-0534-4

O. David and K. Friston, A neural mass model for MEG/EEG:, NeuroImage, vol.20, issue.3, pp.1743-1755, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.07.015

R. Deichmann, C. Schwarzbauer, and R. Turner, Optimisation of the 3D MDEFT sequence for anatomical brain imaging: technical implications at 1.5 and 3 T, NeuroImage, vol.21, issue.2, pp.757-767, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.09.062

G. Paxinos and C. Watson, The rat brain in stereotaxic coordinates, 1997.

P. Schweinhardt, P. Fransson, L. Olson, C. Spenger, and J. Andersson, A template for spatial normalisation of MR images of the rat brain, Journal of Neuroscience Methods, vol.129, issue.2, pp.105-113, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0165-0270(03)00192-4

J. Gotman, E. Kobayashi, A. Bagshaw, C. Benar, and F. Dubeau, Combining EEG and fMRI: A multimodal tool for epilepsy research, Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, vol.2, issue.6, pp.906-920, 2006.
DOI : 10.1002/jmri.20577

A. Salek-haddadi, L. Lemieux, M. Merschhemke, K. Friston, and J. Duncan, Functional magnetic resonance imaging of human absence seizures, Annals of Neurology, vol.13, issue.5, 2003.
DOI : 10.1002/ana.10586

S. Mirsattari, Z. Wang, J. Ives, F. Bihari, and L. Leung, Linear aspects of transformation from interictal epileptic discharges to BOLD fMRI signals in an animal model of occipital epilepsy, NeuroImage, vol.30, issue.4, pp.1133-1148, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.11.006

K. Friston, K. Stephan, T. Lund, A. Morcom, and S. Kiebel, Mixed-effects and fMRI studies, NeuroImage, vol.24, issue.1, pp.244-252, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.08.055

URL : http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.208.8784

K. Friston, A. Holmes, and K. Worsley, How Many Subjects Constitute a Study?, NeuroImage, vol.10, issue.1, pp.1-5, 1999.
DOI : 10.1006/nimg.1999.0439

G. Aguirre, E. Zarahn, D. Esposito, and M. , The Variability of Human, BOLD Hemodynamic Responses, NeuroImage, vol.8, issue.4, pp.360-369, 1998.
DOI : 10.1006/nimg.1998.0369

C. Hawco, A. Bagshaw, Y. Lu, F. Dubeau, and J. Gotman, BOLD changes occur prior to epileptic spikes seen on scalp EEG, NeuroImage, vol.35, issue.4, pp.1450-1458, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.12.042

J. Kang, C. Benar, A. Asmi, Y. Khani, and G. Pike, Using patient-specific hemodynamic response functions in combined EEG-fMRI studies in epilepsy, NeuroImage, vol.20, issue.2, pp.1162-1170, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S1053-8119(03)00290-8

J. Mandeville, B. Jenkins, Y. Chen, J. Choi, and Y. Kim, Exogenous contrast agent improves sensitivity of gradient-echo functional magnetic resonance imaging at 9.4 T, Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, vol.31, issue.6, pp.1272-1281, 2004.
DOI : 10.1002/mrm.20278

K. Friston, W. Penny, C. Phillips, S. Kiebel, and G. Hinton, Classical and Bayesian Inference in Neuroimaging: Theory, NeuroImage, vol.16, issue.2, pp.465-483, 2002.
DOI : 10.1006/nimg.2002.1090

A. Neumaier and T. Schneider, Estimation of parameters and eigenmodes of multivariate autoregressive models, ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software, vol.27, issue.1, pp.27-57, 2001.
DOI : 10.1145/382043.382304

T. Schneider and A. Neumaier, Algorithm 808: ARfit---a matlab package for the estimation of parameters and eigenmodes of multivariate autoregressive models, ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software, vol.27, issue.1, pp.58-65, 2001.
DOI : 10.1145/382043.382316

G. Schwarz, Estimating the Dimension of a Model, The Annals of Statistics, vol.6, issue.2, pp.461-464, 1978.
DOI : 10.1214/aos/1176344136

T. Schreiber, Surrogate time series, Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena, vol.142, issue.3-4, pp.346-382, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0167-2789(00)00043-9

W. Penny, K. Stephan, A. Mechelli, and K. Friston, Comparing dynamic causal models, NeuroImage, vol.22, issue.3, pp.1157-1172, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.03.026

M. Garrido, J. Kilner, S. Kiebel, K. Stephan, and K. Friston, Dynamic causal modelling of evoked potentials: A reproducibility study, NeuroImage, vol.36, issue.3, pp.571-580, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.03.014

S. Boccaletti, J. Kurths, G. Osipov, D. Valladares, and C. Zhou, The synchronization of chaotic systems, Physics Reports, vol.366, issue.1-2, pp.1-101, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0370-1573(02)00137-0

S. Schiff, P. So, T. Chang, R. Burke, and T. Sauer, Detecting dynamical interdependence and generalized synchrony through mutual prediction in a neural ensemble, Physical Review E, vol.54, issue.6, pp.6708-6724, 1996.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.6708