J. Sunyer, M. M. Anto, A. Tobias, and P. Burney, Generational increase of self-reported first attack of asthma in fifteen industrialized countries, European Respiratory Journal, vol.14, issue.4, pp.885-891, 1999.
DOI : 10.1034/j.1399-3003.1999.14d26.x

D. S. Postma, G. H. Koppelman, and M. D. , The Genetics of Atopy and Airway Hyperresponsiveness, American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, vol.162, issue.supplement_2, pp.118-123, 2000.
DOI : 10.1164/ajrccm.162.supplement_2.ras-13

G. Viegi, I. Annesi, and G. Matteelli, Epidemiology of asthma. European Respiratory Monograph, pp.1-25, 2003.

V. Siroux, I. Pin, M. P. Oryszczyn, L. Moual, N. Kauffmann et al., Relationships of active smoking to asthma and asthma severity in the EGEA study, European Respiratory Journal, vol.15, issue.3, pp.470-477, 2000.
DOI : 10.1034/j.1399-3003.2000.15.08.x

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00780296

I. Romieu and C. Trenga, Diet and Obstructive Lung Diseases, Epidemiologic Reviews, vol.23, issue.2, pp.268-287, 2001.
DOI : 10.1093/oxfordjournals.epirev.a000806

R. Varraso, V. Siroux, J. Maccario, I. Pin, and F. Kauffmann, Asthma Severity Is Associated with Body Mass Index and Early Menarche in Women, American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, vol.171, issue.4, pp.334-339, 2005.
DOI : 10.1164/rccm.200405-674OC

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00331328

D. P. Strachan, Hay fever, hygiene, and household size., BMJ, vol.299, issue.6710, pp.1259-1260, 1989.
DOI : 10.1136/bmj.299.6710.1259

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1838109

H. Los, G. H. Koppelman, and P. D. , The importance of genetic influences in asthma, European Respiratory Journal, vol.14, issue.5, pp.1210-1227, 1999.
DOI : 10.1183/09031936.99.14512109

L. J. Palmer, P. R. Burton, A. L. James, A. W. Musk, and C. W. , Familial aggregation and heritability of asthma-associated quantitative traits in a population-based sample of nuclear families, European Journal of Human Genetics, vol.8, issue.11, pp.853-860, 2000.
DOI : 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5200551

L. J. Palmer, M. W. Knuiman, M. L. Divitini, P. R. Burton, and A. L. James, Familial aggregation and heritability of adult lung function: results from the Busselton Health Study, European Respiratory Journal, vol.17, issue.4, pp.696-702, 2001.
DOI : 10.1183/09031936.01.17406960

E. Bouzigon, V. Chaudru, A. S. Carpentier, M. H. Dizier, and M. P. Oryszczyn, Familial correlations and inter-relationships of four asthma-associated quantitative phenotypes in 320

. French, EGEA families ascertained through asthmatic probands, Eur J Hum Genet, vol.12, pp.955-963, 2004.

M. F. Moffatt and W. O. Cookson, Maternal effects in atopic disease, Clinical & Experimental Allergy, vol.30, issue.S1, pp.56-61, 1998.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-2222.1998.0280s1056.x

L. J. Palmer, P. R. Burton, J. A. Faux, A. L. James, A. W. Musk et al., Independent Inheritance of Serum Immunoglobulin E Concentrations and Airway Responsiveness, American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, vol.161, issue.6, pp.1836-1843, 2000.
DOI : 10.1164/ajrccm.161.6.9805104

L. J. Palmer, W. O. Cookson, A. L. James, A. W. Musk, and B. P. , Gibbs sampling-based segregation analysis of asthma-associated quantitative traits in a population-based sample of nuclear families, Genetic Epidemiology, vol.24, issue.3, pp.356-372, 2001.
DOI : 10.1002/gepi.6

S. Hoffjan, D. Nicolae, and C. Ober, Association studies for asthma and atopic diseases: a comprehensive review of the literature, Respiratory Research, vol.17, issue.Suppl 4, 2003.
DOI : 10.1186/1465-9921-4-14

M. N. Blumenthal, The role of genetics in the development of asthma and atopy, Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology, vol.5, issue.2, pp.141-145, 2005.
DOI : 10.1097/01.all.0000162306.12728.c2

M. Wills-karp and S. L. Ewart, Time to draw breath: asthma-susceptibility genes are identified, Nature Reviews Genetics, vol.9, issue.5, pp.376-387, 2004.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1090010

M. Toda and S. J. Ono, Genomics and proteomics of allergic disease, Immunology, vol.280, issue.1, pp.1-10, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0731-7085(00)00548-3

D. Vercelli, Learning from discrepancies: CD14 polymorphisms, atopy and the endotoxin switch, Clinical <html_ent glyph="@amp;" ascii="&"/> Experimental Allergy, vol.162, issue.2, pp.153-155, 2003.
DOI : 10.1186/rr48

P. S. Gao and S. K. Huang, Genetic aspects of asthma, Panminerva Med, vol.46, pp.121-134, 2004.

P. S. Gao, H. Kawada, T. Kasamatsu, X. Q. Mao, and M. H. Roberts, Variants of NOS1, NOS2, and NOS3 Genes in Asthmatics, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.267, issue.3, pp.761-763, 2000.
DOI : 10.1006/bbrc.1999.2030

W. Eder, W. Klimecki, L. Yu, E. Von-mutius, and J. Riedler, Toll-like receptor 2 as a major gene for asthma in children of European farmers, Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, vol.113, issue.3, pp.482-488, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jaci.2003.12.374

H. Lyon, C. Lange, S. Lake, E. K. Silverman, and A. G. Randolph, IL10 gene polymorphisms are associated with asthma phenotypes in children, Genetic Epidemiology, vol.66, issue.2, pp.155-165, 2004.
DOI : 10.1002/gepi.10298

M. Wjst, G. Fischer, T. Immervoll, M. Jung, and K. Saar, A Genome-wide Search for Linkage to Asthma22See the Appendix., Genomics, vol.58, issue.1, pp.1-8, 1999.
DOI : 10.1006/geno.1999.5806

X. Xu, Z. Fang, B. Wang, C. Chen, and W. Guang, A Genomewide Search for Quantitative-Trait Loci Underlying Asthma, The American Journal of Human Genetics, vol.69, issue.6, pp.1271-1277, 2001.
DOI : 10.1086/324650

P. Van-eerdewegh, R. D. Little, J. Dupuis, D. Mastro, R. G. Falls et al., Association of the ADAM33 gene with asthma and bronchial hyperresponsiveness, Nature, vol.58, issue.6896, pp.426-430, 2002.
DOI : 10.1093/bioinformatics/16.2.182

Y. Yokouchi, M. Shibasaki, E. Noguchi, J. Nakayama, and T. Ohtsuki, A genome-wide linkage analysis of orchard grass-sensitive childhood seasonal allergic rhinitis in Japanese families, Genes and Immunity, vol.3, issue.1, pp.9-13, 2002.
DOI : 10.1038/sj.gene.6363815

A. Haagerup, T. Bjerke, P. O. Schiotz, H. G. Binderup, R. Dahl et al., Asthma and atopy - a total genome scan for susceptibility genes, Allergy, vol.164, issue.8, pp.680-686, 2002.
DOI : 10.1006/geno.1998.5445

T. Kurz, J. Altmueller, K. Strauch, F. Ruschendorf, and A. Heinzmann, A genome-wide screen on the genetics of atopy in a multiethnic European population reveals a major atopy locus on chromosome 3q21.3. Allergy, pp.192-199, 2005.

J. Xu, D. S. Postma, T. D. Howard, G. H. Koppelman, and S. L. Zheng, Major Genes Regulating Total Serum Immunoglobulin E Levels in Families with Asthma, The American Journal of Human Genetics, vol.67, issue.5, pp.1163-1173, 2000.
DOI : 10.1086/321190

T. Laitinen, M. J. Daly, J. D. Rioux, P. Kauppi, and C. Laprise, A susceptibility locus for asthmarelated traits on chromosome 7 revealed by genome-wide scan in a founder population, Nat Genet, vol.28, pp.87-91, 2001.

E. Bouzigon, M. H. Dizier, C. Krähenbühl, A. Lemainque, and I. Annesi-maesano, Clustering patterns of LOD scores for asthma-related phenotypes revealed by a genome-wide screen in 295
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00595818

H. Hakonarson, U. S. Bjornsdottir, E. Halapi, S. Palsson, and E. Adalsteinsdottir, A Major Susceptibility Gene for Asthma Maps to Chromosome 14q24, The American Journal of Human Genetics, vol.71, issue.3, p.71, 2002.
DOI : 10.1086/342205

S. E. Daniels, S. Bhattacharrya, A. James, N. I. Leaves, and A. Young, A genome-wide search for quantitative trait loci underlying asthma, Nature, vol.383, issue.6597, pp.247-250, 1996.
DOI : 10.1038/383247a0

C. Ober, N. J. Cox, M. Abney, D. Rienzo, A. Lander et al., Genome-wide search for asthma susceptibility loci in a founder population. The Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Asthma, Human Molecular Genetics, vol.7, issue.9, pp.1393-1398, 1998.
DOI : 10.1093/hmg/7.9.1393

D. M. Evans, G. Zhu, D. L. Duffy, G. W. Montgomery, I. H. Frazer et al., Major quantitative trait locus for eosinophil count is located on chromosome 2q, Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, vol.114, issue.4, pp.826-830, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jaci.2004.05.060

J. Kere and T. Laitinen, Positionally cloned susceptibility genes in allergy and asthma, Current Opinion in Immunology, vol.16, issue.6, pp.689-694, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.coi.2004.09.011

S. T. Holgate, D. E. Davies, R. M. Powell, and J. W. Holloway, ADAM33: a newly identified protease involved in airway remodelling, Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, vol.19, issue.1, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.pupt.2005.02.008

Y. Zhang, N. I. Leaves, G. G. Anderson, C. P. Ponting, and J. Broxholme, Positional cloning of a quantitative trait locus on chromosome 13q14 that influences immunoglobulin E levels and asthma, Nature Genetics, vol.34, issue.2, pp.181-186, 2003.
DOI : 10.1038/ng0904-931

N. Jang, G. Stewart, and G. Jones, Polymorphisms within the PHF11 gene at chromosome 13q14 are associated with childhood atopic dermatitis, Genes and Immunity, vol.29, issue.3, pp.262-264, 2005.
DOI : 10.1038/sj.gene.6364169

M. Allen, A. Heinzmann, E. Noguchi, G. Abecasis, and J. Broxholme, Positional cloning of a novel gene influencing asthma from Chromosome 2q14, Nature Genetics, vol.35, issue.3, pp.258-263, 2003.
DOI : 10.1038/ng1256

T. Laitinen, A. Polvi, P. Rydman, J. Vendelin, and V. Pulkkinen, Characterization of a Common Susceptibility Locus for Asthma-Related Traits, Science, vol.304, issue.5668, pp.300-304, 2004.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1090010

M. S. Kormann, D. Carr, N. Klopp, T. Illig, and W. Leupold, G-Protein???coupled Receptor Polymorphisms Are Associated with Asthma in a Large German Population, American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, vol.171, issue.12, 2005.
DOI : 10.1164/rccm.200410-1312OC

E. Melen, S. Bruce, G. Doekes, M. Kabesch, and T. Laitinen, Haplotypes of G Protein???coupled Receptor 154 Are Associated with Childhood Allergy and Asthma, American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, vol.171, issue.10, pp.1089-1095, 2005.
DOI : 10.1164/rccm.200410-1317OC

D. Nicolae, N. J. Cox, L. A. Lester, D. Schneider, and Z. Tan, Fine Mapping and Positional Candidate Studies Identify HLA-G as an Asthma Susceptibility Gene on Chromosome 6p21, The American Journal of Human Genetics, vol.76, issue.2, pp.349-357, 2005.
DOI : 10.1086/427763

E. Noguchi, Y. Yokouchi, J. Zhang, K. Shibuya, and A. Shibuya, Positional Identification of an Asthma Susceptibility Gene on Human Chromosome 5q33, American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, vol.172, issue.2, 2005.
DOI : 10.1164/rccm.200409-1223OC

S. Hoffjan, D. Nicolae, I. Ostrovnaya, K. Roberg, and M. Evans, Gene-Environment Interaction Effects on the Development of Immune Responses in the 1st Year of Life, The American Journal of Human Genetics, vol.76, issue.4, pp.696-704, 2005.
DOI : 10.1086/429418

J. Hoh and J. Ott, Mathematical multi-locus approaches to localizing complex human trait genes, Nature Reviews Genetics, vol.11, issue.9, pp.701-709, 2003.
DOI : 10.1093/bioinformatics/btf877