M. P. Krebs, Quality control of integral membrane proteins, Trends in Biochemical Sciences, vol.29, issue.12, pp.648-655, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tibs.2004.10.009

L. Ellgaard and A. Helenius, Quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum, Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, vol.418, issue.3, pp.181-191, 2003.
DOI : 10.1038/nrm1052

D. N. Hebert and M. Molinari, In and Out of the ER: Protein Folding, Quality Control, Degradation, and Related Human Diseases, Physiological Reviews, vol.87, issue.4, pp.1377-1408, 2007.
DOI : 10.1152/physrev.00050.2006

B. Tsai, Retro-translocation of proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum into the cytosol, Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, vol.1, issue.4, pp.246-255, 2002.
DOI : 10.1038/nrm780

S. Siffroi-fernandez, Association of the thyrotropin receptor with calnexin, calreticulin and BiP, European Journal of Biochemistry, vol.17, issue.20, pp.4930-4937, 2002.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.03192.x

D. Mizrachi and D. L. Segaloff, Intracellularly Located Misfolded Glycoprotein Hormone Receptors Associate with Different Chaperone Proteins than Their Cognate Wild-Type Receptors, Molecular Endocrinology, vol.18, issue.7, pp.1768-1777, 2004.
DOI : 10.1210/me.2003-0406

T. G. Rozell, Association of Gonadotropin Receptor Precursors with the Protein Folding Chaperone Calnexin, Endocrinology, vol.139, issue.4, pp.1588-1593, 1998.
DOI : 10.1210/en.139.4.1588

P. M. Lanctot, Role of N-glycan-dependent quality control in the cell-surface expression of the AT1 receptor, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.340, issue.2, pp.395-402, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.12.016

E. E. Rosenbaum, Calnexin Is Essential for Rhodopsin Maturation, Ca2+ Regulation, and Photoreceptor Cell Survival, Neuron, vol.49, issue.2, pp.229-241, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuron.2005.12.011

M. Lu, Endoplasmic Reticulum Retention, Degradation, and Aggregation of Olfactory G-Protein Coupled Receptors, Traffic, vol.64, issue.Suppl., pp.416-433, 2003.
DOI : 10.1034/j.1600-0854.2003.00097.x

J. Fan, A Point Mutation in the Human Melanin Concentrating Hormone Receptor 1 Reveals an Important Domain for Cellular Trafficking, Molecular Endocrinology, vol.19, issue.10, pp.2579-2590, 2005.
DOI : 10.1210/me.2004-0301

U. E. Petaja-repo, Newly Synthesized Human ?? Opioid Receptors Retained in the Endoplasmic Reticulum Are Retrotranslocated to the Cytosol, Deglycosylated, Ubiquitinated, and Degraded by the Proteasome, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.276, issue.6, pp.4416-4423, 2001.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M007151200

J. H. Robben, Characterization of vasopressin V2 receptor mutants in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus in a polarized cell model, AJP: Renal Physiology, vol.289, issue.2, pp.265-272, 2005.
DOI : 10.1152/ajprenal.00404.2004

A. M. Daulat, Purification and Identification of G Protein-coupled Receptor Protein Complexes under Native Conditions, Molecular & Cellular Proteomics, vol.6, issue.5, pp.835-844, 2007.
DOI : 10.1074/mcp.M600298-MCP200

C. Barlowe, Signals for COPII-dependent export from the ER: what's the ticket out?, Trends in Cell Biology, vol.13, issue.6, pp.295-300, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0962-8924(03)00082-5

C. Dong, Endoplasmic reticulum export of adrenergic and angiotensin II receptors is differentially regulated by Sar1 GTPase, Cellular Signalling, vol.20, issue.6, pp.1035-1043, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cellsig.2008.01.014

M. Aridor, Cargo Selection by the COPII Budding Machinery during Export from the ER, The Journal of Cell Biology, vol.259, issue.1, pp.61-70, 1998.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.94.9.4418

C. Dong, Regulation of G protein-coupled receptor export trafficking, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, vol.1768, issue.4, pp.853-870, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bbamem.2006.09.008

C. Appenzeller-herzog and H. P. Hauri, The ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC): in search of its identity and function, Journal of Cell Science, vol.119, issue.11, pp.2173-2183, 2006.
DOI : 10.1242/jcs.03019

E. J. Tisdale, Rab2 Interacts Directly with Atypical Protein Kinase C (aPKC) ??/?? and Inhibits aPKC??/??-dependent Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase Phosphorylation, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.278, issue.52, pp.52524-52530, 2003.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M309343200

B. D. Moyer, Rab1 Interaction with a GM130 Effector Complex Regulates COPII Vesicle cis-Golgi Tethering, Traffic, vol.5, issue.4, pp.268-276, 2001.
DOI : 10.1034/j.1600-0854.2001.1o007.x

G. Wu, Distinct Pathways for the Trafficking of Angiotensin II and Adrenergic Receptors from the Endoplasmic Reticulum to the Cell Surface: Rab1-INDEPENDENT TRANSPORT OF A G PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.278, issue.47, pp.47062-47069, 2003.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M305707200

C. Dong and G. Wu, Regulation of anterograde transport of adrenergic and angiotensin II receptors by Rab2 and Rab6 GTPases, Cellular Signalling, vol.19, issue.11, pp.2388-2399, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cellsig.2007.07.017

A. Trucco, Secretory traffic triggers the formation of tubular continuities across Golgi sub-compartments, Nature Cell Biology, vol.37, issue.11, pp.1071-1081, 2004.
DOI : 10.1006/jsbi.1997.3933

S. R. Pfeffer, Unsolved Mysteries in Membrane Traffic, Annual Review of Biochemistry, vol.76, issue.1, pp.629-645, 2007.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.biochem.76.061705.130002

P. Arvan, Secretory Pathway Quality Control Operating in Golgi, Plasmalemmal, and Endosomal Systems, Traffic, vol.9, issue.11, pp.771-780, 2002.
DOI : 10.1034/j.1600-0854.2002.31102.x

U. E. Petaja-repo, Export from the Endoplasmic Reticulum Represents the Limiting Step in the Maturation and Cell Surface Expression of the Human delta Opioid Receptor, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.275, issue.18, pp.13727-13736, 2000.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.275.18.13727

I. Jordens, Rab Proteins, Connecting Transport and Vesicle Fusion, Traffic, vol.15, issue.12, pp.1070-1077, 2005.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2005.00336.x

K. M. Shetty, Rab6 Regulation of Rhodopsin Transport inDrosophila, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.273, issue.32, pp.20425-20430, 1998.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.273.32.20425

C. Dong and G. Wu, Regulation of Anterograde Transport of ??2-Adrenergic Receptors by the N Termini at Multiple Intracellular Compartments, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.281, issue.50, pp.38543-38554, 2006.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M605734200

S. Bulenger, Emerging role of homo- and heterodimerization in G-protein-coupled receptor biosynthesis and maturation, Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, vol.26, issue.3, pp.131-137, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tips.2005.01.004

M. Margeta-mitrovic, A Trafficking Checkpoint Controls GABAB Receptor Heterodimerization, Neuron, vol.27, issue.1, pp.97-106, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0896-6273(00)00012-X

M. J. Gething and J. Sambrook, Protein folding in the cell, Nature, vol.355, issue.6355, pp.33-45, 1992.
DOI : 10.1038/355033a0

L. Hein, Intracellular targeting and trafficking of thrombin receptors. A novel mechanism for resensitization of a G protein-coupled receptor, J Biol Chem, vol.269, pp.27719-27726, 1994.

H. Brismar, Dopamine-induced recruitment of dopamine D1 receptors to the plasma membrane, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.95, issue.10, pp.5573-5578, 1998.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.95.10.5573

U. Holtback, Receptor recruitment: A mechanism for interactions between G protein-coupled receptors, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.96, issue.13, pp.7271-7275, 1999.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.96.13.7271

L. Scott, Selective up-regulation of dopamine D1 receptors in dendritic spines by NMDA receptor activation, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.99, issue.3, pp.1661-1664, 2002.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.032654599

M. S. Kruse, Recruitment of renal dopamine 1 receptors requires an intact microtubulin network, Pfl??gers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology, vol.445, issue.5, pp.534-539, 2003.
DOI : 10.1007/s00424-002-0899-5

C. M. Cahill, Trafficking of ??-opioid receptors and other G-protein-coupled receptors: implications for pain and analgesia, Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, vol.28, issue.1, pp.23-31, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tips.2006.11.003

C. M. Cahill, Immunohistochemical distribution of delta opioid receptors in the rat central nervous system: Evidence for somatodendritic labeling and antigen-specific cellular compartmentalization, The Journal of Comparative Neurology, vol.82, issue.1, pp.65-84, 2001.
DOI : 10.1002/cne.1370

B. L. Kieffer, Opioids: first lessons from knockout mice, Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, vol.20, issue.1, pp.19-26, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0165-6147(98)01279-6

C. M. Cahill, Prolonged morphine treatment targets delta opioid receptors to neuronal plasma membranes and enhances delta-mediated antinociception, J Neurosci, vol.21, pp.7598-7607, 2001.

A. Morinville, Regulation of delta-opioid receptor trafficking via mu-opioid receptor stimulation: evidence from mu-opioid receptor knock-out mice, J Neurosci, vol.23, pp.4888-4898, 2003.

H. Saito, RTP Family Members Induce Functional Expression of Mammalian Odorant Receptors, Cell, vol.119, issue.5, pp.679-691, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cell.2004.11.021

J. A. Janovick, Regulation of G Protein-coupled Receptor Trafficking by Inefficient Plasma Membrane Expression: MOLECULAR BASIS OF AN EVOLVED STRATEGY, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.281, issue.13, pp.8417-8425, 2006.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M510601200

M. A. Uberti, Heterodimerization with ??2-Adrenergic Receptors Promotes Surface Expression and Functional Activity of ??1D-Adrenergic Receptors, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, vol.313, issue.1, pp.16-23, 2005.
DOI : 10.1124/jpet.104.079541

E. M. Pietila, Inefficient Maturation of the Rat Luteinizing Hormone Receptor: A PUTATIVE WAY TO REGULATE RECEPTOR NUMBERS AT THE CELL SURFACE, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.280, issue.28, pp.26622-26629, 2005.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M413815200

J. M. Herrmann, Out of the ER???outfitters, escorts and guides, Trends in Cell Biology, vol.9, issue.1, pp.5-7, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0962-8924(98)01414-7

E. K. Baker, The cyclophilin homolog NinaA functions as a chaperone, forming a stable complex in vivo with its protein target rhodopsin, Embo J, vol.13, pp.4886-4895, 1994.

P. A. Ferreira, Cyclophilin-related protein RanBP2 acts as chaperone for red/green opsin, Nature, vol.383, issue.6601, pp.637-640, 1996.
DOI : 10.1038/383637a0

J. P. Chapple and M. E. Cheetham, The Chaperone Environment at the Cytoplasmic Face of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Can Modulate Rhodopsin Processing and Inclusion Formation, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.278, issue.21, pp.19087-19094, 2003.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M212349200

B. Westhoff, HSJ1 Is a Neuronal Shuttling Factor for the Sorting of Chaperone Clients to the Proteasome, Current Biology, vol.15, issue.11, pp.1058-1064, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cub.2005.04.058

N. Parameswaran and W. S. Spielman, RAMPs: the past, present and future, Trends in Biochemical Sciences, vol.31, issue.11, pp.631-638, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tibs.2006.09.006

F. Horn, GPCRDB: an information system for G protein-coupled receptors, Nucleic Acids Research, vol.26, issue.1, pp.275-279, 1998.
DOI : 10.1093/nar/26.1.275

L. M. Mclatchie, RAMPs regulate the transport and ligand specificity of the calcitonin-receptor-like receptor, Nature, vol.393, pp.333-339, 1998.

T. Bouschet, Receptor-activity-modifying proteins are required for forward trafficking of the calcium-sensing receptor to the plasma membrane, Journal of Cell Science, vol.118, issue.20, pp.4709-4720, 2005.
DOI : 10.1242/jcs.02598

N. D. Dwyer, Odorant Receptor Localization to Olfactory Cilia Is Mediated by ODR-4, a Novel Membrane-Associated Protein, Cell, vol.93, issue.3, pp.455-466, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81173-3

M. Behrens, Members of RTP and REEP Gene Families Influence Functional Bitter Taste Receptor Expression, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.281, issue.29, pp.20650-20659, 2006.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M513637200

J. Loconto, Functional Expression of Murine V2R Pheromone Receptors Involves Selective Association with the M10 and M1 Families of MHC Class Ib Molecules, Cell, vol.112, issue.5, pp.607-618, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00153-3

R. Olson, MHC homologs in the nervous system ??? they haven???t lost their groove, Current Opinion in Neurobiology, vol.16, issue.3, pp.351-357, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.conb.2006.05.007

L. A. Metherell, Mutations in MRAP, encoding a new interacting partner of the ACTH receptor, cause familial glucocorticoid deficiency type 2, Nature Genetics, vol.116, issue.2, pp.166-170, 2005.
DOI : 10.1242/jcs.00905

S. N. Cooray, The Melanocortin 2 Receptor Accessory Protein Exists as a Homodimer and Is Essential for the Function of the Melanocortin 2 Receptor in the Mouse Y1 Cell Line, Endocrinology, vol.149, issue.4, pp.1935-1941, 2008.
DOI : 10.1210/en.2007-1463

P. Svenningsson, Alterations in 5-HT1B Receptor Function by p11 in Depression-Like States, Science, vol.311, issue.5757, pp.77-80, 2006.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1117571

R. Donato, Functional roles of S100 proteins, calcium-binding proteins of the EF-hand type, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research, vol.1450, issue.3, pp.191-231, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0167-4889(99)00058-0

J. C. Bermak, Regulation of transport of the dopamine D1 receptor by a new membrane-associated ER protein, Nature Cell Biology, vol.3, issue.5, pp.492-498, 2001.
DOI : 10.1038/35074561

P. C. Leclerc, A Polyaromatic Caveolin-Binding-Like Motif in the Cytoplasmic Tail of the Type 1 Receptor for Angiotensin II Plays an Important Role in Receptor Trafficking and Signaling, Endocrinology, vol.143, issue.12, pp.4702-4710, 2002.
DOI : 10.1210/en.2002-220679

D. J. Dupre, Dopamine Receptor-interacting Protein 78 Acts as a Molecular Chaperone for G?? Subunits before Assembly with Gbeta, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.282, issue.18, pp.13703-13715, 2007.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M608846200

C. J. Wruck, Regulation of Transport of the Angiotensin AT2 Receptor by a Novel Membrane-Associated Golgi Protein, Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, vol.25, pp.57-64, 2005.
DOI : 10.1161/01.ATV.0000150662.51436.14

A. Parent, RACK1 regulates the cell surface expression of the G proteincoupled receptor for thromboxane A, pp.394-407, 2008.

C. Chen, GEC1 Interacts with the ?? Opioid Receptor and Enhances Expression of the Receptor, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.281, issue.12, pp.7983-7993, 2006.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M509805200

A. W. Tai, Rhodopsin???s Carboxy-Terminal Cytoplasmic Tail Acts as a Membrane Receptor for Cytoplasmic Dynein by Binding to the Dynein Light Chain Tctex-1, Cell, vol.97, issue.7, pp.877-887, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80800-4

F. Ango, Dendritic and axonal targeting of type 5 metabotropic glutamate receptor is regulated by homer1 proteins and neuronal excitation, J Neurosci, vol.20, pp.8710-8716, 2000.

R. Lin, Dopamine D2 and D3 receptors are linked to the actin cytoskeleton via interaction with filamin A, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.98, issue.9, pp.5258-5263, 2001.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.011538198

W. Luo, p24A, a Type I Transmembrane Protein, Controls ARF1-dependent Resensitization of Protease-activated Receptor-2 by Influence on Receptor Trafficking, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.282, issue.41, pp.30246-30255, 2007.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M703205200

A. Yamamoto, Shisa Promotes Head Formation through the Inhibition of Receptor Protein Maturation for the Caudalizing Factors, Wnt and FGF, Cell, vol.120, issue.2, pp.223-235, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cell.2004.11.051

C. Couturier, Silencing of OB-RGRP in mouse hypothalamic arcuate nucleus increases leptin receptor signaling and prevents diet-induced obesity, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.104, issue.49, pp.19476-19481, 2007.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.0706671104

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00326136

D. J. Dupre, Seven Transmembrane Receptor Core Signaling Complexes Are Assembled Prior to Plasma Membrane Trafficking, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.281, issue.45, pp.34561-34573, 2006.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M605012200

P. M. Conn, G Protein-Coupled Receptor Trafficking in Health and Disease: Lessons Learned to Prepare for Therapeutic Mutant Rescue in Vivo, Pharmacological Reviews, vol.59, issue.3, pp.225-250, 2007.
DOI : 10.1124/pr.59.3.2

V. Bernier, Pharmacological chaperone action on G-protein-coupled receptors, Current Opinion in Pharmacology, vol.4, issue.5, pp.528-533, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.coph.2004.08.001