A. Food and . Organization, World Health Organization Joint FAO/WHO expert consultation on evaluation of health and nutritional properties of probiotics in food including powder milk with live lactic acid bacteria Available at: www.who.int/foodsafety/ publications, 2001.

A. Servin, Antagonistic activities of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria against microbial pathogens, FEMS Microbiology Reviews, vol.28, issue.4, pp.405-440, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.femsre.2004.01.003

G. Reid and J. Burton, Use of Lactobacillus to prevent infection by pathogenic bacteria, Microbes and Infection, vol.4, issue.3, pp.319-324, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S1286-4579(02)01544-7

S. Guandalini, L. Pensabene, and M. Zikri, Lactobacillus GG Administered in Oral Rehydration Solution to Children with Acute Diarrhea: A Multicenter European Trial, Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, vol.30, issue.1, pp.54-60, 2000.
DOI : 10.1097/00005176-200001000-00018

H. Majamaa, E. Isolauri, M. Saxelin, and T. Vesikari, Lactic Acid Bacteria in the Treatment of Acute Rotavirus Gastroenteritis, Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, vol.20, issue.3, pp.333-338, 1995.
DOI : 10.1097/00005176-199504000-00012

E. Mastretta, P. Longo, and A. Laccisaglia, Effect of Lactobacillus GG and Breast-feeding in the Prevention of Rotavirus Nosocomial Infection, Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, vol.35, issue.4, pp.527-531, 2002.
DOI : 10.1097/00005176-200210000-00013

R. Oberhelman, R. Gilman, and P. Sheen, A placebo-controlled trial of Lactobacillus GG to prevent diarrhea in undernourished Peruvian children, The Journal of Pediatrics, vol.134, issue.1, pp.15-20, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-3476(99)70366-5

A. Shornikova, E. Isolauri, L. Burkanova, S. Lukovnikova, and T. Vesikari, A trial in the Karelian Republic of oral rehydration and Lactobacillus GG for treatment of acute diarrhoea, Acta Paediatrica, vol.14, issue.5, pp.460-465, 1997.
DOI : 10.1007/BF02087695

E. Isolauri, M. Juntunen, T. Rautanen, P. Sillanaukee, and T. Koivula, A human Lactobacillus strain (Lactobacillus casei sp strain GG) promotes recovery from acute diarrhea in children, Pediatrics, vol.88, pp.90-97, 1991.

H. Szajewska, M. Kotowska, J. Mrukowicz, M. Armanska, and W. Mikolajczyk, Efficacy of Lactobacillus GG in prevention of nosocomial diarrhea in infants, The Journal of Pediatrics, vol.138, issue.3, pp.361-365, 2001.
DOI : 10.1067/mpd.2001.111321

C. Pedone, A. Bernabeu, E. Postaire, C. Bouley, and P. Reinert, The effect of supplementation with milk fermented by Lactobacillus casei (strain DN-114 001) on acute diarrhoea in children attending day care centres, Int J Clin Pract, vol.53, pp.179-184, 1999.

C. Pedone, C. Arnaud, E. Postaire, C. Bouley, and P. Reinert, Multicentric study of the effect of milk fermented by Lactobacillus casei on the incidence of diarrhoea, Int J Clin Pract, vol.54, pp.568-571, 2000.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00294328

A. Shornikova, I. Casas, E. Isolauri, H. Mykkanen, and T. Vesikari, Lactobacillus reuteri as a Therapeutic Agent in Acute Diarrhea in Young Children, Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition, vol.24, issue.4, pp.399-404, 1997.
DOI : 10.1097/00005176-199704000-00008

A. Shornikova, I. Casas, H. Mykkanen, E. Salo, and T. Vesikari, Bacteriotherapy with Lactobacillus reuteri in rotavirus gastroenteritis, The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, vol.16, issue.12, pp.1103-1107, 1997.
DOI : 10.1097/00006454-199712000-00002

C. Van-niel, C. Feudtner, M. Garrison, and D. Christakis, Lactobacillus Therapy for Acute Infectious Diarrhea in Children: A Meta-analysis, PEDIATRICS, vol.109, issue.4, pp.678-684, 2002.
DOI : 10.1542/peds.109.4.678

H. Szajewska and J. Mrukowicz, Probiotics in the Treatment and Prevention of Acute Infectious Diarrhea in Infants and Children: A Systematic Review of Published Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trials, Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, vol.33, issue.2, pp.17-25, 2001.
DOI : 10.1097/00005176-200110002-00004

S. Xiao, Z. Zhang-de, and H. Lu, Multicenter, randomized, controlled trial of heat-killedLactobacillus acidophilus LB in patients with chronic diarrhea, Advances in Therapy, vol.24, issue.2S, pp.253-260, 2003.
DOI : 10.1007/BF02849854

N. Simakachorn, V. Pichaipat, P. Rithipornpaisarn, C. Kongkaew, P. Tongpradit et al., Clinical Evaluation of the Addition of Lyophilized, Heat-Killed Lactobacillus acidophilus LB to Oral Rehydration Therapy in the Treatment of Acute Diarrhea in Children, Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, vol.30, issue.1, pp.68-72, 2000.
DOI : 10.1097/00005176-200001000-00020

H. Costa-ribeiro, T. Ribeiro, and A. Mattos, Limitations of Probiotic Therapy in Acute, Severe Dehydrating Diarrhea, Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, vol.36, issue.1, pp.112-115, 2003.
DOI : 10.1097/00005176-200301000-00021

S. Sarker, S. Sultana, and G. Fuchs, Lactobacillus paracasei strain ST11 has no effect on rotavirus but ameliorates the outcome of nonrotavirus diarrhea in children from Bangladesh Available at: www.pediatrics.org/cgi, Pediatrics, vol.1161162, issue.2, p.221, 2005.

G. Chauviere, M. Coconnier, S. Kerneis, A. Darfeuille-michaud, B. Joly et al., Competitive exclusion of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) from human enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells by heat-killed Lactobacillus, FEMS Microbiology Letters, vol.91, issue.3, pp.213-217, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/0378-1097(92)90700-X

M. Coconnier, M. Bernet, G. Chauviere, and A. Servin, Adhering heat-killed human Lactobacillus acidophilus, strain LB, inhibits the process of pathogenicity of diarrhoeagenic bacteria in cultured human intestinal cells, J Diarrhoeal Dis Res, vol.11, pp.235-242, 1993.

M. Coconnier, V. Lievin, M. Bernet-camard, S. Hudault, and A. Servin, Antibacterial effect of the adhering human Lactobacillus acidophilus strain LB, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, vol.41, pp.1046-1052, 1997.

M. Coconnier, V. Lievin, M. Lorrot, and A. Servin, Antagonistic Activity of Lactobacillus acidophilus LB against Intracellular Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Infecting Human Enterocyte-Like Caco-2/TC-7 Cells, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, vol.66, issue.3, pp.1152-1157, 2000.
DOI : 10.1128/AEM.66.3.1152-1157.2000

M. Coconnier-polter, L. Moal, V. Servin, and A. , A Lactobacillus acidophilus Strain of Human Gastrointestinal Microbiota Origin Elicits Killing of Enterovirulent Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium by Triggering Lethal Bacterial Membrane Damage, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, vol.71, issue.10
DOI : 10.1128/AEM.71.10.6115-6120.2005

L. Moal, V. Amsellem, R. Servin, A. Coconnier, and M. , Lactobacillus acidophilus (strain LB) from the resident adult human gastrointestinal microflora exerts activity against brush border damage promoted by a diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli in human enterocyte-like cells, Gut, vol.50, issue.6, pp.803-811, 2002.
DOI : 10.1136/gut.50.6.803

S. Bilge, C. Clausen, W. Lau, and S. Moseley, Molecular characterization of a fimbrial adhesin, F1845, mediating diffuse adherence of diarrhea-associated Escherichia coli to HEp-2 cells., Journal of Bacteriology, vol.171, issue.8, pp.4281-4289, 1989.
DOI : 10.1128/jb.171.8.4281-4289.1989

J. Guignot, C. Chaplais, M. Coconnier-polter, and A. Servin, The secreted autotransporter toxin, Sat, functions as a virulence factor in Afa/Dr diffusely adhering Escherichia coli by promoting lesions in tight junction of polarized epithelial cells, Cellular Microbiology, vol.65, issue.1, pp.204-221, 2006.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1462-5822.2000.00025.x
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00204016

I. Chantret, A. Rodolosse, and A. Barbat, Differential expression of sucrase-isomaltase in clones isolated from early and late passages of the cell line Caco-2: evidence for glucosedependent negative regulation, J Cell Sci, vol.107, pp.213-225, 1994.

E. Grasset, M. Pinto, E. Dussaulx, A. Zweibaum, and J. Desjeux, Epithelial properties of human colonic carcinoma cell line Caco-2: electrical parameters, Am J Physiol, vol.247, pp.260-267, 1984.

I. Peiffer, A. Blanc-potard, M. Bernet-camard, J. Guignot, A. Barbat et al., Afa/Dr Diffusely Adhering Escherichia coli C1845 Infection Promotes Selective Injuries in the Junctional Domain of Polarized Human Intestinal Caco-2/TC7 Cells, Infection and Immunity, vol.68, issue.6, pp.3431-3442, 2000.
DOI : 10.1128/IAI.68.6.3431-3442.2000

J. Berkes, V. Viswanathan, S. Savkovic, and G. Hecht, Intestinal epithelial responses to enteric pathogens: effects on the tight junction barrier, ion transport, and inflammation, Gut, vol.52, issue.3, pp.439-451, 2003.
DOI : 10.1136/gut.52.3.439

C. Sears and J. Kaper, Enteric bacterial toxins: mechanisms of action and linkage to intestinal secretion, Microbiol Rev, vol.60, pp.167-215, 1996.

I. Blomfield, M. Mcclain, J. Princ, P. Calie, and B. Eisenstein, Type 1 fimbriation and fimE mutants of Escherichia coli K-12., Journal of Bacteriology, vol.173, issue.17, pp.5298-5307, 1991.
DOI : 10.1128/jb.173.17.5298-5307.1991

A. Servin, Pathogenesis of Afa/Dr Diffusely Adhering Escherichia coli, Clinical Microbiology Reviews, vol.18, issue.2, pp.264-292, 2005.
DOI : 10.1128/CMR.18.2.264-292.2005

A. Bourgeois, C. Gardiner, and S. Thornton, Etiology of acute diarrhea among United States military personnel deployed to South America and West Africa, Am J Trop Med Hyg, vol.48, pp.243-248, 1993.

H. Brussow, J. Sidoti, and H. Link, Age-Specific Prevalence of Antibody to Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in Ecuadorian and German Children, Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol.162, issue.4, pp.974-977, 1990.
DOI : 10.1093/infdis/162.4.974

J. Kaper, J. Nataro, and H. Mobley, Pathogenic Escherichia coli, Nature Reviews Microbiology, vol.63, issue.2, pp.123-140, 2004.
DOI : 10.1128/IAI.69.1.315-324.2001

M. Levine, C. Ferreccio, and V. Prado, Epidemiologic Studies of Escherichia coli Diarrheal Infections in a Low Socioeconomic Level Peri-Urban Community In Santiago, Chile, American Journal of Epidemiology, vol.138, issue.10, pp.849-869, 1993.
DOI : 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116788

S. Gunzburg, B. Chang, S. Elliott, V. Burke, and M. Gracey, Diffuse and Enteroaggregative Patterns of Adherence of Enteric Escherichia coli Isolated from Aboriginal Children from the Kimberley Region of Western Australia, Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol.167, issue.3, pp.755-758, 1993.
DOI : 10.1093/infdis/167.3.755

I. Scaletsky, S. Fabbricotti, and R. Carvalho, Diffusely Adherent Escherichia coli as a Cause of Acute Diarrhea in Young Children in Northeast Brazil: a Case-Control Study, Journal of Clinical Microbiology, vol.40, issue.2, pp.645-648, 2002.
DOI : 10.1128/JCM.40.2.645-648.2002

A. Baqui, R. Sack, and R. Black, Enteropathogens Associated with Acute and Persistent Diarrhea in BangladeshiChildren <5 Years of Age, Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol.166, issue.4, pp.792-796, 1992.
DOI : 10.1093/infdis/166.4.792

M. Quiroga, P. Oviedo, and I. Chinen, Asymptomatic infections by diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in children from Misiones, Argentina, during the first twenty months of their lives, Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S??o Paulo, vol.42, issue.1, pp.9-15, 2000.
DOI : 10.1590/S0036-46652000000100002

N. Parassol, M. Freitas, K. Thoreux, G. Dalmasso, R. Bourdet-sicard et al., Lactobacillus casei DN-114 001 inhibits the increase in paracellular permeability of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli-infected T84 cells, Research in Microbiology, vol.156, issue.2, pp.256-262, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.resmic.2004.09.013
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00294422

P. Mangell, P. Nejdfors, and M. Wang, Lactobacillus plantarum 299v inhibits Escherichia coli-induced intestinal permeability, Digestive Diseases and Sciences, vol.47, issue.3, pp.511-516, 2002.
DOI : 10.1023/A:1017947531536

C. Taddei, A. Moreno, F. Filho, A. Montemor, L. Martinez et al., isolated from stools of children, FEMS Microbiology Letters, vol.227, issue.2, pp.249-253, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0378-1097(03)00688-8

C. Taddei, A. Fasano, A. Ferreira, L. Trabulsi, and M. Martinez, strain causes intestinal damage in animal model assays, FEMS Microbiology Letters, vol.250, issue.2, pp.263-269, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.femsle.2005.07.013