P. Codogno and A. J. Meijer, Autophagy and signaling: their role in cell survival and cell death, Cell Death and Differentiation, vol.279, pp.1509-1518, 2005.
DOI : 10.1038/sj.cdd.4401751

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00172272

T. Shintani and D. J. Klionsky, Autophagy in Health and Disease: A Double-Edged Sword, Science, vol.306, issue.5698, pp.990-995, 2004.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1099993

A. Kihara, Y. Kabeya, Y. Ohsumi, Y. , and T. , -Golgi network, EMBO reports, vol.11, issue.4, pp.330-335, 2001.
DOI : 10.1093/embo-reports/kve061

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/in2p3-01333933

A. Petiot, E. Ogier-denis, E. F. Blommaart, A. J. Meijer, C. et al., Distinct Classes of Phosphatidylinositol 3'-Kinases Are Involved in Signaling Pathways That Control Macroautophagy in HT-29 Cells, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.275, issue.2, pp.992-998, 2000.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.275.2.992

P. O. Seglen, G. , and P. B. , 3-Methyladenine: Specific inhibitor of autophagic/lysosomal protein degradation in isolated rat hepatocytes, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.79, issue.6, pp.1889-1892, 1982.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.79.6.1889

E. Jacinto and M. N. Hall, TOR signalling in bugs, brain and brawn, Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, vol.294, issue.2, pp.117-126, 2003.
DOI : 10.1038/nrm1018

A. J. Meijer and P. F. Dubbelhuis, Amino acid signalling and the integration of metabolism, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.313, issue.2, pp.397-403, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.07.012

D. G. Hardie, The AMP-activated protein kinase pathway - new players upstream and downstream, Journal of Cell Science, vol.117, issue.23, pp.5479-5487, 2004.
DOI : 10.1242/jcs.01540

Z. Wang, W. A. Wilson, M. A. Fujino, and P. J. Roach, Antagonistic Controls of Autophagy and Glycogen Accumulation by Snf1p, the Yeast Homolog of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase, and the Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Pho85p, Molecular and Cellular Biology, vol.21, issue.17, pp.5742-5752, 2001.
DOI : 10.1128/MCB.21.17.5742-5752.2001

H. R. Samari and P. O. Seglen, Inhibition of Hepatocytic Autophagy by Adenosine, Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide Riboside, andN 6-Mercaptopurine Riboside: EVIDENCE FOR INVOLVEMENT OF AMP-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.273, issue.37, pp.23758-23763, 1998.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.273.37.23758

J. R. Williamson and B. E. Corkey, [23] Assay of citric acid cycle intermediates and related compounds???Update with tissue metabolite levels and Intracellular Distribution, Methods Enzymol, vol.55, pp.200-222, 1979.
DOI : 10.1016/0076-6879(79)55025-3

G. Y. Wu, F. W. Bazer, W. B. Tuo, F. , and S. P. , Unusual Abundance of Arginine and Ornithine in Porcine Allantoic Fluid1, Biology of Reproduction, vol.54, issue.6, pp.1261-1265, 1996.
DOI : 10.1093/biolreprod/54.6.1261

J. J. Luiken, J. M. Aerts, and A. J. Meijer, The Role of the Intralysosomal pH in the Control of Autophagic Proteolytic Flux in Rat Hepatocytes, European Journal of Biochemistry, vol.427, issue.3, pp.564-573, 1996.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.00564.x-i2

S. Pattingre, C. Bauvy, C. , and P. , Amino Acids Interfere with the ERK1/2-dependent Control of Macroautophagy by Controlling the Activation of Raf-1 in Human Colon Cancer HT-29 Cells, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.278, issue.19, pp.16667-16674, 2003.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M210998200

F. Scarlatti, C. Bauvy, A. Ventruti, G. Sala, F. Cluzeaud et al., HeLa LKB1/STRAD cells and HeLa LKB1/STRAD/ AMPK DN cells were treated for 2 h in appropriate media (3-MA, 10 mM; AA, 4x), and, during the last 10 min, 0.1 M MDC was added. Only cells expressing GFP-LKB1 were used for MDC counting. The bar represents 5 m, MDC staining of HeLa LKB1/STRAD cells and HeLa LKB1/STRAD/AMPK DN cells05 versus the control in HBSS alone; **, p 0.05 versus HeLa LKB1/STRAD cells incubated in nutrient-free medium

G. Zhou, R. Myers, Y. Li, Y. Chen, X. Shen et al., Role of AMP-activated protein kinase in mechanism of metformin action, Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol.108, issue.8, pp.1167-1174, 2001.
DOI : 10.1172/JCI13505

J. M. Corton, J. G. Gillespie, S. A. Hawley, and D. G. Hardie, 5-Aminoimidazole-4-Carboxamide Ribonucleoside. A Specific Method for Activating AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in Intact Cells?, European Journal of Biochemistry, vol.223, issue.2, pp.558-565, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0014-5793(94)01006-4

L. G. Fryer, A. Parbu-patel, and D. Carling, Protein kinase inhibitors block the stimulation of the AMP-activated protein kinase by 5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide riboside, FEBS Letters, vol.20, issue.2, pp.189-192, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0014-5793(02)03501-9

P. F. Dubbelhuis and A. J. Meijer, Hepatic amino acid-dependent signaling is under the control of AMP-dependent protein kinase, FEBS Letters, vol.38, issue.1-3, pp.39-42, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0014-5793(02)02815-6

M. T. Moller, H. R. Samari, and P. O. Seglen, Toxin-Induced Tail Phosphorylation of Hepatocellular S6 Kinase: Evidence for a Dual Involvement of the AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in S6 Kinase Regulation, Toxicological Sciences, vol.82, issue.2, pp.628-637, 2004.
DOI : 10.1093/toxsci/kfh273

M. R. Owen, E. Doran, and A. P. Halestrap, Evidence that metformin exerts its anti-diabetic effects through inhibition of complex 1 of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, Biochemical Journal, vol.348, issue.3, pp.607-614, 2000.
DOI : 10.1042/bj3480607

L. H. Caro, P. J. Plomp, E. J. Wolvetang, C. Kerkhof, and A. J. Meijer, 3-Methyladenine, an inhibitor of autophagy, has multiple effects on metabolism, European Journal of Biochemistry, vol.259, issue.2, pp.325-329, 1988.
DOI : 10.1016/0005-2728(70)90201-X

M. F. Vincent, F. Bontemps, and G. Van-den-berghe, Inhibition of glycolysis by 5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide riboside in isolated rat hepatocytes, Biochemical Journal, vol.281, issue.1, pp.267-272, 1992.
DOI : 10.1042/bj2810267

A. Woods, D. Azzout-marniche, M. Foretz, S. C. Stein, P. Lemarchand et al., Characterization of the Role of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in the Regulation of Glucose-Activated Gene Expression Using Constitutively Active and Dominant Negative Forms of the Kinase, Molecular and Cellular Biology, vol.20, issue.18, pp.6704-6711, 2000.
DOI : 10.1128/MCB.20.18.6704-6711.2000

M. Tiainen, A. Ylikorkala, and T. P. Makela, Growth suppression by Lkb1 is mediated by a G1 cell cycle arrest, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.6, issue.8, pp.9248-9251, 1999.
DOI : 10.1093/hmg/6.8.1383

Z. Feng, H. Zhang, A. J. Levine, J. , and S. , The coordinate regulation of the p53 and mTOR pathways in cells, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.59, issue.1, pp.8204-8209, 2005.
DOI : 10.1006/geno.1999.5851

A. J. Levine, Z. Feng, T. W. Mak, H. You, J. et al., Coordination and communication between the p53 and IGF-1-AKT-TOR signal transduction pathways, Genes & Development, vol.20, issue.3, pp.267-275, 2006.
DOI : 10.1101/gad.1363206

H. Wu, J. M. Yang, S. Jin, H. Zhang, and W. N. Hait, Elongation Factor-2 Kinase Regulates Autophagy in Human Glioblastoma Cells, Cancer Research, vol.66, issue.6, pp.3015-3023, 2006.
DOI : 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-1554

G. J. Browne, S. G. Finn, and C. G. Proud, Stimulation of the AMP-activated Protein Kinase Leads to Activation of Eukaryotic Elongation Factor 2 Kinase and to Its Phosphorylation at a Novel Site, Serine 398, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.279, issue.13, pp.12220-12231, 2004.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M309773200

S. A. Hawley, D. A. Pan, K. J. Mustard, L. Ross, J. Bain et al., Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase-?? is an alternative upstream kinase for AMP-activated protein kinase, Cell Metabolism, vol.2, issue.1, pp.9-19, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cmet.2005.05.009

R. L. Hurley, K. A. Anderson, J. M. Franzone, B. E. Kemp, A. R. Means et al., The Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase Kinases Are AMP-activated Protein Kinase Kinases, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.280, issue.32, pp.29060-29066, 2005.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M503824200

M. Momcilovic, S. P. Hong, and M. Carlson, Mammalian TAK1 Activates Snf1 Protein Kinase in Yeast and Phosphorylates AMP-activated Protein Kinase in Vitro, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.281, issue.35, pp.25336-25343, 2006.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M604399200

M. P. Byfield, J. T. Murray, and J. M. Backer, hVps34 Is a Nutrient-regulated Lipid Kinase Required for Activation of p70 S6 Kinase, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.280, issue.38, pp.33076-33082, 2005.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M507201200

D. R. Bolster, S. J. Crozier, S. R. Kimball, J. , and L. S. , AMP-activated Protein Kinase Suppresses Protein Synthesis in Rat Skeletal Muscle through Down-regulated Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Signaling, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.277, issue.27, pp.23977-23980, 2002.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.C200171200

B. S. Jhun, Q. Jin, Y. T. Oh, S. S. Kim, Y. Kong et al., 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-?? production through inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt activation in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.318, issue.2, pp.372-380, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.04.035

R. Rattan, S. Giri, A. K. Singh, and I. Singh, 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-??-D-ribofuranoside Inhibits Cancer Cell Proliferation in Vitro and in Vivo via AMP-activated Protein Kinase, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.280, issue.47, pp.39582-39593, 2005.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M507443200

L. C. Foukas, N. Daniele, C. Ktori, K. E. Anderson, J. Jensen et al., Direct Effects of Caffeine and Theophylline on p110delta and Other Phosphoinositide 3-Kinases. DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS ON LIPID KINASE AND PROTEIN KINASE ACTIVITIES, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.277, issue.40, pp.37124-37130, 2002.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M202101200

B. Guigas, L. Bertrand, N. Taleux, M. Foretz, N. Wiernsperger et al., 5-Aminoimidazole-4-Carboxamide-1-??-D-Ribofuranoside and Metformin Inhibit Hepatic Glucose Phosphorylation by an AMP-Activated Protein Kinase-Independent Effect on Glucokinase Translocation, Diabetes, vol.55, issue.4, pp.865-874, 2006.
DOI : 10.2337/diabetes.55.04.06.db05-1178

H. Hoyvik, P. B. Gordon, and P. O. Seglen, Use of a hydrolysable probe, [14C]lactose, to distinguish between pre-lysosomal and lysosomal steps in the autophagic pathway, Experimental Cell Research, vol.166, issue.1, pp.1-14, 1986.
DOI : 10.1016/0014-4827(86)90503-3

L. D. Mccullough, Z. Zeng, H. Li, L. E. Landree, J. Mcfadden et al., Pharmacological Inhibition of AMP-activated Protein Kinase Provides Neuroprotection in Stroke, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.280, issue.21, pp.20493-20502, 2005.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M409985200

S. Fediuc, M. P. Gaidhu, C. , and R. B. , Regulation of AMP-activated protein kinase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase phosphorylation by palmitate in skeletal muscle cells, The Journal of Lipid Research, vol.47, issue.2, pp.412-420, 2006.
DOI : 10.1194/jlr.M500438-JLR200

M. F. Vincent, F. Bontemps, and G. Van-den-berghe, Substrate cycling between 5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide riboside and its monophosphate in isolated rat hepatocytes, Biochemical Pharmacology, vol.52, issue.7, pp.999-1006, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/0006-2952(96)00413-3