M. Trojanowska, E. Leroy, B. Eckes, and T. Krieg, Pathogenesis of fibrosis: type 1 collagen and the skin, Journal of Molecular Medicine, vol.76, issue.3-4, pp.266-74, 1998.
DOI : 10.1007/s001090050216

J. Myllyharju and K. Kivirikko, Collagens and collagen-related diseases, Annals of Medicine, vol.317, issue.1, pp.7-21, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0945-053X(97)90071-8

P. Bornstein and H. Sage, Regulation of Collagen Gene Expression, Prog Nucleic Acid Res Mol Biol, vol.37, pp.67-106, 1989.
DOI : 10.1016/S0079-6603(08)60695-9

F. Verrecchia and A. Mauviel, Transforming Growth Factor-?? Signaling Through the Smad Pathway: Role in Extracellular Matrix Gene Expression and Regulation, Journal of Investigative Dermatology, vol.118, issue.2, pp.211-216, 2002.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1523-1747.2002.01641.x

J. Massague, TGF-?? SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION, Annual Review of Biochemistry, vol.67, issue.1, pp.753-91, 1998.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.biochem.67.1.753

J. Massague and D. Wotton, NEW EMBO MEMBERS REVIEW: Transcriptional control by the TGF-beta/Smad signaling system, The EMBO Journal, vol.19, issue.8, pp.1745-54, 2000.
DOI : 10.1093/emboj/19.8.1745

T. Tsukazaki, T. Chiang, A. Davison, L. Attisano, and J. Wrana, SARA, a FYVE Domain Protein that Recruits Smad2 to the TGF?? Receptor, Cell, vol.95, issue.6, pp.779-91, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81701-8

Z. Xiao, X. Liu, and H. Lodish, Importin ?? Mediates Nuclear Translocation of Smad 3, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.275, issue.31, pp.23425-23433, 2000.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.C000345200

A. Kurisaki, S. Kose, Y. Yoneda, C. Heldin, and A. Moustakas, Transforming Growth Factor-?? Induces Nuclear Import of Smad3 in an Importin-??1 and Ran-dependent Manner, Molecular Biology of the Cell, vol.12, issue.4, pp.1079-91, 2001.
DOI : 10.1091/mbc.12.4.1079

J. Yanagisawa, Y. Yanagi, Y. Masuhiro, M. Suzawa, M. Watanabe et al., Convergence of Transforming Growth Factor- and Vitamin D Signaling Pathways on SMAD Transcriptional Coactivators, Science, vol.283, issue.5406, pp.1317-1338, 1999.
DOI : 10.1126/science.283.5406.1317

X. Hua, X. Liu, D. Ansari, and H. Lodish, Synergistic cooperation of TFE3 and Smad proteins in TGF-beta -induced transcription of the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene, Genes & Development, vol.12, issue.19, pp.3084-95, 1998.
DOI : 10.1101/gad.12.19.3084

A. Moustakas and D. Kardassis, Regulation of the human p21/WAF1/Cip1 promoter in hepatic cells by functional interactions between Sp1 and Smad family members, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.338, issue.6210, pp.6733-6741, 1998.
DOI : 10.1038/338039a0

N. Liberati, M. Datto, J. Frederick, X. Shen, C. Wong et al., Smads bind directly to the Jun family of AP-1 transcription factors, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.12, issue.14, pp.4844-4853, 1999.
DOI : 10.1101/gad.12.14.2153

F. Verrecchia, L. Vindevoghel, R. Lechleider, J. Uitto, A. Roberts et al., Smad3/AP-1 interactions control transcriptional responses to TGF-?? in a promoter-specific manner, Oncogene, vol.20, issue.26, pp.3332-3372, 2001.
DOI : 10.1038/sj.onc.1204448

F. Verrecchia, C. Tacheau, M. Schorpp-kistner, P. Angel, and A. Mauviel, Induction of the AP-1 members c-Jun and JunB by TGF-??/Smad suppresses early Smad-driven gene activation, Oncogene, vol.20, issue.18, pp.2205-2216, 2001.
DOI : 10.1038/sj.onc.1204347

J. Workman and R. Kingston, ALTERATION OF NUCLEOSOME STRUCTURE AS A MECHANISM OF TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION, Annual Review of Biochemistry, vol.67, issue.1, pp.545-79, 1998.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.biochem.67.1.545

A. Snowden and N. Perkins, Cell Cycle Regulation of the Transcriptional Coactivators p300 and CREB Binding Protein, Biochemical Pharmacology, vol.55, issue.12, pp.1947-54, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0006-2952(98)00020-3

X. Feng, Y. Zhang, R. Wu, and R. Derynck, The tumor suppressor Smad4/DPC4 and transcriptional adaptor CBP/p300 are coactivators for Smad3 in TGF-beta -induced transcriptional??activation, Genes & Development, vol.12, issue.14, pp.2153-63, 1998.
DOI : 10.1101/gad.12.14.2153

R. Janknecht, N. Wells, and T. Hunter, TGF-beta -stimulated cooperation of Smad proteins with the coactivators??CBP/p300, Genes & Development, vol.12, issue.14, pp.2114-2123, 1998.
DOI : 10.1101/gad.12.14.2114

A. Nishihara, J. Hanai, N. Okamoto, J. Yanagisawa, S. Kato et al., Role of p300, a transcriptional coactivator, in signalling of TGF-beta, Genes to Cells, vol.1, issue.9, pp.613-636, 1998.
DOI : 10.1038/383168a0

C. Pouponnot, L. Jayaraman, and J. Massague, Physical and Functional Interaction of SMADs and p300/CBP, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.273, issue.36, pp.22865-22873, 1998.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.273.36.22865

X. Shen, P. Hu, N. Liberati, M. Datto, J. Frederick et al., TGF-beta -induced Phosphorylation of Smad3 Regulates Its Interaction with Coactivator p300/CREB-binding Protein, Molecular Biology of the Cell, vol.9, issue.12, pp.3309-3328, 1998.
DOI : 10.1091/mbc.9.12.3309

A. Nishihara, J. Hanai, T. Imamura, K. Miyazono, and M. Kawabata, E1A Inhibits Transforming Growth Factor-?? Signaling through Binding to Smad Proteins, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.274, issue.40, pp.28716-28739, 1999.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.274.40.28716

S. Akiyoshi, H. Inoue, J. Hanai, K. Kusanagi, N. Nemoto et al., c-Ski Acts as a Transcriptional Co-repressor in Transforming Growth Factor-?? Signaling through Interaction with Smads, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.274, issue.49, pp.35269-35276, 1999.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.274.49.35269

S. Stroschein, W. Wang, S. Zhou, Q. Zhou, and K. Luo, Negative Feedback Regulation of TGF- Signaling by the SnoN Oncoprotein, Science, vol.286, issue.5440, pp.771-775, 1999.
DOI : 10.1126/science.286.5440.771

D. Wotton, R. Lo, L. Swaby, and J. Massague, Multiple Modes of Repression by the Smad Transcriptional Corepressor TGIF, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.274, issue.52, pp.37105-37115, 1999.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.274.52.37105

K. Verschueren, J. Remacle, C. Collart, H. Kraft, B. Baker et al., SIP1, a Novel Zinc Finger/Homeodomain Repressor, Interacts with Smad Proteins and Binds to 5'-CACCT Sequences in Candidate Target Genes, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.274, issue.29, pp.20489-98, 1999.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.274.29.20489

K. Mulder, Role of Ras and Mapks in TGF?? signaling, Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews, vol.11, issue.1-2, pp.23-35, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S1359-6101(99)00026-X

M. Engel, M. Mcdonnell, B. Law, and H. Moses, Interdependent SMAD and JNK Signaling in Transforming Growth Factor-??-mediated Transcription, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.274, issue.52, pp.37413-37433, 1999.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.274.52.37413

A. Yonekura, M. Osaki, Y. Hirota, T. Tsukazaki, Y. Miyazaki et al., Transforming Growth Factor-.BETA. Stimulates Articular Chondrocyte Cell Growth through p44/42 MAP Kinase (ERK) Activation., Endocrine Journal, vol.46, issue.4, pp.545-53, 1999.
DOI : 10.1507/endocrj.46.545

B. Hocevar, T. Brown, and P. Howe, TGF-beta induces fibronectin synthesis through a c-Jun N-terminal kinase-dependent, Smad4-independent pathway, The EMBO Journal, vol.18, issue.5, pp.1345-56, 1999.
DOI : 10.1093/emboj/18.5.1345

A. Atfi, K. Lepage, P. Allard, A. Chapdelaine, and C. S. , Activation of a serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway by transforming growth factor type beta., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.92, issue.26, pp.12110-12114, 1995.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.92.26.12110

A. Atfi, S. Djelloul, E. Chastre, R. Davis, and C. Gespach, Evidence for a Role of Rho-like GTPases and Stress-activated Protein Kinase/c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (SAPK/JNK) in Transforming Growth Factor ??-mediated Signaling, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.272, issue.3, pp.1429-1461, 1997.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.272.3.1429

K. Yamaguchi, K. Shirakabe, H. Shibuya, K. Irie, I. Oishi et al., Identification of a Member of the MAPKKK Family as a Potential Mediator of TGF-beta Signal Transduction, Science, vol.270, issue.5244, pp.2008-2019, 1995.
DOI : 10.1126/science.270.5244.2008

H. Shibuya, K. Yamaguchi, K. Shirakabe, A. Tonegawa, Y. Gotoh et al., TAB1: An Activator of the TAK1 MAPKKK in TGF-beta Signal Transduction, Science, vol.272, issue.5265, pp.1179-1187, 1996.
DOI : 10.1126/science.272.5265.1179

H. Hanafusa, J. Ninomiya-tsuji, N. Masuyama, M. Nishita, J. Fujisawa et al., Involvement of the p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway in Transforming Growth Factor-??-induced Gene Expression, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.274, issue.38, pp.27161-27168, 1999.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.274.38.27161

M. De-caestecker, E. Piek, and A. Roberts, Role of Transforming Growth Factor-beta Signaling in Cancer, Journal of the National Cancer Institute, vol.92, issue.17, pp.1388-402, 2000.
DOI : 10.1093/jnci/92.17.1388

E. Retief, M. Parker, and A. Retief, Regional chromosome mapping of human collagen genes alpha 2(I) and alpha 1(I) (COLIA2 and COLIA1), Human Genetics, vol.7, issue.4, pp.304-312, 1985.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00291646

S. Gaidarova and S. Jimenez, Inhibition of Basal and Transforming Growth Factor-beta -induced Stimulation of COL1A1 Transcription by the DNA Intercalators, Mitoxantrone and WP631, in Cultured Human Dermal Fibroblasts, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.277, issue.41, pp.38737-38782, 2002.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M201742200

P. Rossi, G. Karsenty, A. Roberts, N. Roche, M. Sporn et al., A nuclear factor 1 binding site mediates the transcriptional activation of a type I collagen promoter by transforming growth factor-??, Cell, vol.52, issue.3, pp.405-419, 1988.
DOI : 10.1016/S0092-8674(88)80033-3

K. Chung, A. Agarwal, J. Uitto, and A. Mauviel, An AP-1 Binding Sequence Is Essential for Regulation of the Human 2(I) Collagen (COL1A2) Promoter Activity by Transforming Growth Factor-, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.271, issue.6, pp.3272-3280, 1996.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.271.6.3272

P. Greenwel, Y. Inagaki, W. Hu, M. Walsh, and F. Ramirez, Sp1 Is Required for the Early Response of ??2(I) Collagen to Transforming Growth Factor-??1, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.272, issue.32, pp.19738-19783, 1997.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.272.32.19738

S. Chen, W. Yuan, Y. Mori, A. Levenson, M. Trojanowska et al., Stimulation of Type I Collagen Transcription in Human Skin Fibroblasts by TGF-??: Involvement of Smad 3, Journal of Investigative Dermatology, vol.112, issue.1, pp.49-57, 1999.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1523-1747.1999.00477.x

S. Chen, W. Yuan, S. Lo, M. Trojanowska, and J. Varga, Interaction of Smad3 with a proximal smad-binding element of the human ?2(I) procollagen gene promoter required for transcriptional activation by TGF-?, Journal of Cellular Physiology, vol.2, issue.3, pp.381-92, 2000.
DOI : 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4652(200006)183:3<381::AID-JCP11>3.0.CO;2-O

W. Zhang, J. Ou, Y. Inagaki, P. Greenwel, and F. Ramirez, Synergistic Cooperation between Sp1 and Smad3/Smad4 Mediates Transforming Growth Factor ??1 Stimulation of ??2(I)-Collagen (COL1A2) Transcription, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.275, issue.50, pp.39237-39282, 2000.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M003339200

A. Poncelet and H. Schnaper, Sp1 and Smad Proteins Cooperate to Mediate Transforming Growth Factor-??1-induced ??2(I) Collagen Expression in Human Glomerular Mesangial Cells, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.276, issue.10, pp.6983-92, 2001.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M006442200

A. Ghosh, W. Yuan, Y. Mori, and J. Varga, Smad-dependent stimulation of type I collagen gene expression in human skin fibroblasts by TGF-?? involves functional cooperation with p300/CBP transcriptional coactivators, Oncogene, vol.19, issue.31, pp.3546-55, 2000.
DOI : 10.1038/sj.onc.1203693

K. Tracey and A. Cerami, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Other Cytokines and Disease, Annual Review of Cell Biology, vol.9, issue.1, pp.317-360, 1993.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.cb.09.110193.001533

F. Verrecchia, E. Wagner, and A. Mauviel, Distinct involvement of the Jun-N-terminal kinase and NF-??B pathways in the repression of the human COL1A2 gene by TNF-??, EMBO reports, vol.3, issue.11, pp.1069-74, 2002.
DOI : 10.1093/embo-reports/kvf219

S. Baker and E. Reddy, Modulation of life and death by the TNF receptor superfamily, Oncogene, vol.17, issue.25, pp.3261-70, 1998.
DOI : 10.1038/sj.onc.1202568

H. Wajant and P. Scheurich, Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF) 2 and its role in TNF signaling, The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, vol.33, issue.1, pp.19-32, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S1357-2725(00)00064-9

G. Chen and D. Goeddel, TNF-R1 Signaling: A Beautiful Pathway, Science, vol.296, issue.5573, pp.1634-1639, 2002.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1071924

K. Mori, A. Hatamochi, H. Ueki, A. Olsen, and S. Jimenez, The transcription of human ??1(I) procollagen gene (COL1A1) is suppressed by tumour necrosis factor-?? through proximal short promoter elements: evidence for suppression mechanisms mediated by two nuclear-factorbinding sites, Biochemical Journal, vol.319, issue.3, pp.811-817, 1996.
DOI : 10.1042/bj3190811

M. Iraburu, J. Dominguez-rosales, L. Fontana, A. Auster, E. Garcia-trevijano et al., Tumor necrosis factor?? down-regulates expression of the??1(I) collagen gene in rat hepatic stellate cells through a p20C/EBP??- and C/EBP??-dependent mechanism, Hepatology, vol.162, issue.5, pp.1086-93, 2000.
DOI : 10.1053/he.2000.5981

E. Garcia-trevijano, M. Iraburu, L. Fontana, J. Dominguez-rosales, A. Auster et al., induces the expression of ??1(i) procollagen mRNA by a hydrogen peroxide-C/EBP??-dependent mechanism in rat hepatic stellate cells, Hepatology, vol.89, issue.3, pp.960-70, 1999.
DOI : 10.1002/hep.510290346

F. Verrecchia, M. Pessah, A. Atfi, and A. Mauviel, Tumor Necrosis Factor-?? Inhibits Transforming Growth Factor-?? /Smad Signaling in Human Dermal Fibroblasts via AP-1 Activation, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.275, issue.39, pp.30226-30257, 2000.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M005310200

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00150046

R. Nagarajan, F. Chen, W. Li, E. Vig, M. Harrington et al., Repression of transforming-growth-factor-??-mediated transcription by nuclear factor ??B, Biochemical Journal, vol.348, issue.3, pp.591-597, 2000.
DOI : 10.1042/bj3480591

S. Dennler, C. Prunier, N. Ferrand, J. Gauthier, and A. Atfi, c-Jun Inhibits Transforming Growth Factor beta -mediated Transcription by Repressing Smad3 Transcriptional Activity, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.275, issue.37, pp.28858-65, 2000.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M910358199

F. Verrecchia, C. Tacheau, E. Wagner, and A. Mauviel, A Central Role for the JNK Pathway in Mediating the Antagonistic Activity of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines against Transforming Growth Factor-??-driven SMAD3/4-specific Gene Expression, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.278, issue.3, pp.1585-93, 2003.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M206927200

B. Choi, H. Kwak, C. Jun, S. Park, K. Kim et al., Control of scarring in adult wounds using antisense transforming growth factor-??1 oligodeoxynucleotides, Immunology and Cell Biology, vol.85, issue.2, pp.144-50, 1996.
DOI : 10.1038/icb.1996.19

Y. Akagi, Y. Isaka, M. Arai, T. Kaneko, M. Takenaka et al., Inhibition of TGF-??1 expression by antisense oligonucleotides suppressed extracellular matrix accumulation in experimental glomerulonephritis, Kidney International, vol.50, issue.1, pp.148-55, 1996.
DOI : 10.1038/ki.1996.297

S. Dhanani, M. Huang, J. Wang, and S. Dubinett, Interferon-alpha inhibits murine macrophage transforming growth factor-beta mRNA expression, Inflammation, vol.267, issue.3, pp.301-310, 1994.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01534271

W. Chan, R. Krieg, . Jr, E. Norkus, and J. Chan, ??-Tocopherol Reduces Proteinuria, Oxidative Stress, and Expression of Transforming Growth Factor ??1 in IgA Nephropathy in the Rat, Molecular Genetics and Metabolism, vol.63, issue.3, pp.224-233, 1998.
DOI : 10.1006/mgme.1997.2666

W. Border, N. Noble, T. Yamamoto, J. Harper, Y. Yamaguchi et al., Natural inhibitor of transforming growth factor-?? protects against scarring in experimental kidney disease, Nature, vol.360, issue.6402, pp.361-365, 1992.
DOI : 10.1038/360361a0

S. Komesli, D. Vivien, and P. Dutartre, Chimeric extracellular domain of type II transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta receptor fused to the Fc region of human immunoglobulin as a TGF-beta antagonist, European Journal of Biochemistry, vol.254, issue.3, pp.505-518, 1998.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1432-1327.1998.2540505.x

Y. Isaka, Y. Akagi, Y. Ando, M. Tsujie, T. Sudo et al., Gene therapy by transforming growth factor-?? receptor-IgG Fc chimera suppressed extracellular matrix accumulation in experimental glomerulonephritis, Kidney International, vol.55, issue.2, pp.465-75, 1999.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00275.x

J. Wendling, A. Marchand, A. Mauviel, and F. Verrecchia, 5-Fluorouracil Blocks Transforming Growth Factor-??-Induced ??2 Type I Collagen Gene (COL1A2) Expression in Human Fibroblasts via c-Jun NH2-Terminal Kinase/Activator Protein-1 Activation, Molecular Pharmacology, vol.64, issue.3, pp.707-720, 2003.
DOI : 10.1124/mol.64.3.707