The synthesis of new biobased polyamides from different β-cyclodextrin monomers and the (Z) octadec-9-enedioic acid is investigated. The aim of this study is to design different sensors, having different sensibilities and selectivities to a set of various volatile organic compounds (VOC) relevant in the early detection of lung cancer. The sensors are obtained from the synthesized polyamides, using multiwalled carbon nanotubes as conductive nanofillers and a layer by layer process. The conductive polymer nanocomposites (CPC) designed from the heptakis-6-amino β-cyclodextrin and 6A,6D diamino β-cyclodextrin have a high affinity for polar protic solvents, while the CPC having a matrix based on 6A,6D diamino 2A-G,3A-G,6B,6C,6E,6F,6G nonadeca-O-benzyl-β-cyclodextrin develops hydrophobic interactions with nonpolar solvents. Due to a higher accessibility of cyclodextrin, the chemoresistive response of the hydrophilic linear polyamide CPC is larger than one of the hydrophilic branched polyamide CPC. As required, the VOC diffusion/desorption phenomenon is reversible for all the sensors.