. Bibliography-1, A. Chiò, A. Calvo, C. Moglia, L. Mazzini et al., PARALS study group P study. Phenotypic heterogeneity of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a population based study, J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, vol.82, issue.7, pp.740-746, 2011.

M. Turner, O. Hardiman, M. Benatar, B. Brooks, A. Chio et al., Controversies and priorities in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, The Lancet Neurology, vol.12, issue.3, pp.310-332, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/S1474-4422(13)70036-X

J. Machts, V. Bittner, E. Kasper, C. Schuster, J. Prudlo et al., Memory deficits in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are not exclusively caused by executive dysfunction: a comparative neuropsychological study of amnestic mild cognitive impairment, BMC Neuroscience, vol.15, issue.1, p.83
DOI : 10.1186/1471-2202-15-83

G. Ringholz, S. Appel, M. Bradshaw, N. Cooke, D. Mosnik et al., Prevalence and patterns of cognitive impairment in sporadic ALS, Neurology, vol.65, issue.4, pp.586-90, 2005.
DOI : 10.1212/01.wnl.0000172911.39167.b6

L. Carluer, A. Mondou, M. Buhour, M. Laisney, A. Pélerin et al., Neural substrate of cognitive theory of mind impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Cortex, vol.65, pp.19-30, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cortex.2014.12.010

A. Girardi, S. Macpherson, and S. Abrahams, Deficits in emotional and social cognition in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis., Neuropsychology, vol.25, issue.1, pp.53-65, 2011.
DOI : 10.1037/a0020357

C. Cerami, A. Dodich, N. Canessa, C. Crespi, S. Iannaccone et al., Emotional empathy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a behavioural and voxel-based morphometry study. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener, pp.21-30, 2014.

D. Shen, L. Cui, J. Fang, B. Cui, D. Li et al., Voxel-Wise Meta-Analysis of Gray Matter Changes in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, vol.44, issue.13, 2016.
DOI : 10.1017/S0033291714000518

A. Nehlig and J. Coles, Cellular pathways of energy metabolism in the brain: Is glucose used by neurons or astrocytes?, Glia, vol.6, issue.12, pp.1238-50, 2007.
DOI : 10.1002/glia.20376

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00381748

M. Dalakas, J. Hatazawa, R. Brooks, D. Chiro, and G. , Lowered cerebral glucose utilization in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Annals of Neurology, vol.18, issue.5, pp.580-586, 1987.
DOI : 10.1002/ana.410220504

A. Ludolph, K. Langen, M. Regard, H. Herzog, B. Kemper et al., Frontal lobe function in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a neuropsychologic and positron emission tomography study, Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, vol.53, issue.suppl. 1, pp.81-90, 1992.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb04003.x

A. Cistaro, M. Valentini, A. Chiò, F. Nobili, A. Calvo et al., Brain hypermetabolism in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a FDG PET study in ALS of spinal and bulbar onset, European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, vol.45, issue.Suppl, pp.251-260, 2012.
DOI : 10.1007/s00259-011-1979-6

M. Pagani, A. Chiò, M. Valentini, J. Öberg, F. Nobili et al., Functional pattern of brain FDG-PET in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Neurology, vol.83, issue.12, pp.1067-74, 2014.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.0000000000000792

K. Van-laere, A. Vanhee, J. Verschueren, D. Coster, L. Driesen et al., Fluorodeoxyglucose???Positron-Emission Tomography in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, JAMA Neurology, vol.71, issue.5, pp.553-61, 2014.
DOI : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2014.62

A. Canosa, M. Pagani, A. Cistaro, A. Montuschi, B. Iazzolino et al., F-FDG-PET correlates of cognitive impairment in ALS, Neurology, vol.86, issue.1, pp.44-53, 2015.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.0000000000002242

D. Van-weehaeghe, J. Ceccarini, A. Delva, W. Robberecht, P. Van-damme et al., Prospective Validation of 18F-FDG Brain PET Discriminant Analysis Methods in the Diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Journal of Nuclear Medicine, vol.57, issue.8, pp.1238-1281, 2016.
DOI : 10.2967/jnumed.115.166272

V. Rajagopalan and E. Pioro, Comparing brain structural MRI and metabolic FDG-PET changes in patients with ALS-FTD: ???the chicken or the egg???? question, Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, vol.3, issue.(Pt 5), pp.952-960, 2015.
DOI : 10.1136/jnnp-2014-308239

L. Joie, R. Perrotin, A. Barré, L. Hommet, C. Mézenge et al., Region-Specific Hierarchy between Atrophy, Hypometabolism, and ??-Amyloid (A??) Load in Alzheimer's Disease Dementia, Journal of Neuroscience, vol.32, issue.46, pp.16265-73, 2012.
DOI : 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2170-12.2012

L. Ritz, S. Segobin, C. Lannuzel, C. Boudehent, F. Vabret et al., Direct voxel-based comparisons between grey matter shrinkage and glucose hypometabolism in chronic alcoholism, Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, vol.45, issue.9, 2015.
DOI : 10.1038/nrn2575

M. Buhour, F. Doidy, M. Laisney, A. Pitel, V. De et al., Pathophysiology of the behavioral variant of frontotemporal lobar degeneration: A study combining MRI and FDG-PET, Brain Imaging and Behavior, vol.2, issue.4, 2016.
DOI : 10.3233/JAD-2012-121156

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-01511515

B. Brooks, R. Miller, M. Swash, and T. Munsat, El Escorial revisited: Revised criteria for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Other Motor Neuron Disorders, vol.1, issue.5, 2000.
DOI : 10.1080/146608200300079536

D. Neary, J. Snowden, L. Gustafson, U. Passant, D. Stuss et al., Frontotemporal lobar degeneration: A consensus on clinical diagnostic criteria, Neurology, vol.51, issue.6, pp.1546-54, 1998.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.51.6.1546

K. Rascovsky, J. Hodges, D. Knopman, M. Mendez, J. Kramer et al., Sensitivity of revised diagnostic criteria for the behavioural variant of frontotemporal dementia, Brain, vol.134, issue.9, 2011.
DOI : 10.1093/brain/awr179

J. Cummings, M. Mega, K. Gray, S. Rosenberg-thompson, D. Carusi et al., The Neuropsychiatric Inventory: Comprehensive assessment of psychopathology in dementia, Neurology, vol.44, issue.12, pp.2308-2322, 1994.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.44.12.2308

J. Cedarbaum, N. Stambler, E. Malta, C. Fuller, D. Hilt et al., The ALSFRS-R: a revised ALS functional rating scale that incorporates assessments of respiratory function, Journal of the Neurological Sciences, vol.169, issue.1-2, pp.13-21, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-510X(99)00210-5

F. Norris, U. Ks, B. Sachais, and M. Carey, Trial of Baclofen in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Archives of Neurology, vol.36, issue.11, pp.715-721, 1979.
DOI : 10.1001/archneur.1979.00500470085019

L. Carluer, A. Mondou, M. Buhour, M. Laisney, A. Pélerin et al., Neural substrate of cognitive theory of mind impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Cortex, vol.65, pp.19-30, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cortex.2014.12.010

S. Baron-cohen, S. Wheelwright, J. Hill, Y. Raste, and I. Plumb, The "Reading the Mind in the Eyes" Test Revised Version: A Study with Normal Adults, and Adults with Asperger Syndrome or High-functioning Autism, J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 2001.

M. Laisney, L. Bon, C. Guiziou, N. Daluzeau, F. Eustache et al., Cognitive and affective Theory of Mind in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease, Journal of Neuropsychology, vol.20, issue.1, pp.107-127, 2013.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1748-6653.2012.02038.x

H. Muller-gartner, J. Links, J. Prince, R. Bryan, E. Mcveigh et al., Measurement of Radiotracer Concentration in Brain Gray Matter Using Positron Emission Tomography: MRI-Based Correction for Partial Volume Effects, Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, vol.8, issue.4, 1992.
DOI : 10.1038/jcbfm.1992.81

O. Rousset, Y. Ma, and A. Evans, Correction for partial volume effects in PET: principle and validation, J Nucl Med Off Publ Soc Nucl Med, vol.39, issue.5, pp.904-915, 1998.

M. Quarantelli, K. Berkouk, A. Prinster, B. Landeau, C. Svarer et al., Integrated software for the analysis of brain PET/SPECT studies with partial-volume-effect correction, J Nucl Med Off Publ Soc Nucl Med Feb, vol.45, issue.2, pp.192-201, 2004.

M. Richardson, K. Friston, S. Sisodiya, M. Koepp, J. Ashburner et al., Cortical grey matter and benzodiazepine receptors in malformations of cortical development. A voxel-based comparison of structural and functional imaging data, Brain, vol.120, issue.11, pp.1961-73, 1997.
DOI : 10.1093/brain/120.11.1961

G. Chételat, B. Desgranges, B. Landeau, F. Mézenge, J. Poline et al., Direct voxelbased comparison between grey matter hypometabolism and atrophy in Alzheimer's disease, Brain A J Neurol, pp.60-71, 2008.

N. Villain, B. Desgranges, F. Viader, V. De-la-sayette, F. Mézenge et al., Relationships between Hippocampal Atrophy, White Matter Disruption, and Gray Matter Hypometabolism in Alzheimer's Disease, Journal of Neuroscience, vol.28, issue.24, pp.6174-81, 2008.
DOI : 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1392-08.2008

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2902815

M. Boccardi, M. Laakso, L. Bresciani, S. Galluzzi, C. Geroldi et al., The MRI pattern of frontal and temporal brain atrophy in fronto-temporal dementia, Neurobiology of Aging, vol.24, issue.1, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0197-4580(02)00045-3

N. Tzourio-mazoyer, B. Landeau, D. Papathanassiou, F. Crivello, O. Etard et al., Automated Anatomical Labeling of Activations in SPM Using a Macroscopic Anatomical Parcellation of the MNI MRI Single-Subject Brain, NeuroImage, vol.15, issue.1, pp.273-89, 2002.
DOI : 10.1006/nimg.2001.0978

J. Lancaster, M. Woldorff, L. Parsons, M. Liotti, C. Freitas et al., Automated Talairach Atlas labels for functional brain mapping, Human Brain Mapping, vol.5, issue.3, pp.120-151, 2000.
DOI : 10.1002/1097-0193(200007)10:3<120::AID-HBM30>3.0.CO;2-8

J. Mutlu, B. Landeau, C. Tomadesso, R. De-flores, F. Mézenge et al., Connectivity Disruption, Atrophy, and Hypometabolism within Posterior Cingulate Networks in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Neurosci, p.582, 2016.
DOI : 10.3389/fnins.2016.00582

URL : http://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2016.00582

C. Tomadesso, A. Perrotin, J. Mutlu, F. Mézenge, B. Landeau et al., Brain structural, functional, and cognitive correlates of recent versus remote autobiographical memories in amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment, NeuroImage: Clinical, vol.8, pp.473-82, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.nicl.2015.05.010

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-01187752

R. Cox, AFNI: Software for Analysis and Visualization of Functional Magnetic Resonance Neuroimages, Computers and Biomedical Research, vol.29, issue.3, pp.162-73, 1996.
DOI : 10.1006/cbmr.1996.0014

S. Carrington and A. Bailey, Are there theory of mind regions in the brain? A review of the neuroimaging literature. Hum Brain Mapp, pp.2313-2348, 2009.

R. Schultz, D. Grelotti, A. Klin, J. Kleinman, C. Van-der-gaag et al., The role of the fusiform face area in social cognition: implications for the pathobiology of autism, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol.358, issue.1430, pp.415-442, 1430.
DOI : 10.1098/rstb.2002.1208

M. Cosottini, I. Pesaresi, S. Piazza, S. Diciotti, P. Cecchi et al., Structural and functional evaluation of cortical motor areas in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Experimental Neurology, vol.234, issue.1, pp.169-80, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.12.024

J. Grosskreutz, J. Kaufmann, J. Frädrich, R. Dengler, H. Heinze et al., Widespread sensorimotor and frontal cortical atrophy in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, BMC Neurology, vol.116, issue.Suppl, p.17, 2006.
DOI : 10.1093/brain/116.6.1399

URL : http://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2377-6-17

E. Mioshi, P. Lillo, B. Yew, S. Hsieh, S. Savage et al., Cortical atrophy in ALS is critically associated with neuropsychiatric and cognitive changes, Neurology, vol.80, issue.12, pp.1117-1140, 2013.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.0b013e31828869da

F. Agosta, E. Pagani, M. Rocca, D. Caputo, M. Perini et al., Voxel-based morphometry study of brain volumetry and diffusivity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with mild disability. Hum Brain Mapp, pp.1430-1438, 2007.

J. Chang, C. Lomen-hoerth, J. Murphy, R. Henry, J. Kramer et al., A voxel-based morphometry study of patterns of brain atrophy in ALS and ALS/FTLD, Neurology, vol.65, issue.1, pp.75-80, 2005.
DOI : 10.1212/01.wnl.0000167602.38643.29

N. Filippini, G. Douaud, C. Mackay, S. Knight, K. Talbot et al., Corpus callosum involvement is a consistent feature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Neurology, vol.75, issue.18, pp.1645-52, 2010.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181fb84d1

M. Grossman, C. Mcmillan, P. Moore, L. Ding, G. Glosser et al., What's in a name: voxel-based morphometric analyses of MRI and naming difficulty in Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia and corticobasal degeneration, Brain, vol.127, issue.3, pp.628-677, 2004.
DOI : 10.1093/brain/awh075

J. Kassubek, A. Unrath, H. Huppertz, D. Lulé, T. Ethofer et al., Global brain atrophy and corticospinal tract alterations in ALS, as investigated by voxel???based morphometry of 3???D MRI, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, vol.134, issue.1, pp.213-233, 2005.
DOI : 10.1080/14660820310011250

F. Agosta, M. Gorno-tempini, E. Pagani, S. Sala, D. Caputo et al., Longitudinal assessment of grey matter contraction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A tensor based morphometry study, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, vol.10, issue.3, pp.168-74, 2009.
DOI : 10.1136/jnnp.2006.101758

J. Machts, K. Loewe, J. Kaufmann, S. Jakubiczka, S. Abdulla et al., Basal ganglia pathology in ALS is associated with neuropsychological deficits, Neurology, vol.85, issue.15, pp.1301-1310, 2015.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.0000000000002017

H. Kim, S. Oh, M. De-leon, X. Wang, K. Oh et al., Structural explanation of poor prognosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in the non-demented state, European Journal of Neurology, vol.73, issue.Suppl, pp.122-131, 2016.
DOI : 10.1111/ene.13163

I. Mackenzie and H. Feldman, Ubiquitin Immunohistochemistry Suggests Classic Motor Neuron Disease, Motor Neuron Disease With Dementia, and Frontotemporal Dementia of the Motor Neuron Disease Type Represent a Clinicopathologic Spectrum, Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology, vol.64, issue.8, pp.730-739, 2005.
DOI : 10.1097/01.jnen.0000174335.27708.0a

T. Sefcsik, D. Nemeth, K. Janacsek, I. Hoffmann, J. Scialabba et al., The role of the putamen in cognitive functions ??? A case study, Learning & Perception, vol.1, issue.2, pp.215-242, 2009.
DOI : 10.1556/LP.1.2009.2.4

E. Beeldman, J. Raaphorst, K. Twennaar, M. De-visser, M. Schmand et al., The cognitive profile of ALS: a systematic review and meta-analysis update, Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, vol.22, issue.(Pt 9), 2016.
DOI : 10.1136/jnnp-2015-310734

J. Kew, P. Leigh, E. Playford, R. Passingham, L. Goldstein et al., Cortical function in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Brain, vol.116, issue.3, pp.655-680
DOI : 10.1093/brain/116.3.655

J. Kew, L. Goldstein, P. Leigh, S. Abrahams, N. Cosgrave et al., The relationship between abnormalities of cognitive function and cerebral activation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A neuropsychological and positron emission tomography study, Brain, vol.116, issue.6, pp.116-1399
DOI : 10.1093/brain/116.6.1399

C. Lloyd, M. Richardson, D. Brooks, A. Chalabi, and P. Leigh, Extramotor involvement in ALS: PET studies with the GABA(A) ligand, pp.123-2289

A. Cistaro, M. Pagani, A. Montuschi, A. Calvo, C. Moglia et al., The metabolic signature of C9ORF72-related ALS: FDG PET comparison with nonmutated patients, European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, vol.7, issue.33, pp.844-52, 2014.
DOI : 10.1007/s00259-013-2667-5

A. Ashraf, Z. Fan, D. Brooks, and E. P. , Cortical hypermetabolism in MCI subjects: a compensatory mechanism? European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging, pp.447-458

W. Hu, Z. Wang, L. Trojanowski, M. Detre, J. Grossman et al., Distinct cerebral perfusion patterns in FTLD and AD, Neurology, vol.75, issue.10, pp.881-889, 2010.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181f11e35

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2938974

A. Feigin, M. Ghilardi, C. Huang, Y. Ma, M. Carbon et al., Preclinical Huntington's disease: Compensatory brain responses during learning, Annals of Neurology, vol.90, issue.1, pp.53-62, 2006.
DOI : 10.1002/ana.20684

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2519955

A. Pitel, A. Aupée, G. Chételat, F. Mézenge, H. Beaunieux et al., Morphological and Glucose Metabolism Abnormalities in Alcoholic Korsakoff's Syndrome: Group Comparisons and Individual Analyses, PLoS ONE, vol.19, issue.11, p.7748, 2009.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0007748.g004

URL : http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0007748

S. Shimizu, Y. Zhang, J. Laxamana, B. Miller, J. Kramer et al., Concordance and Discordance Between Brain Perfusion and Atrophy in Frontotemporal Dementia, Brain Imaging and Behavior, vol.64, issue.3, pp.46-54, 2010.
DOI : 10.1007/s11682-009-9084-1

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2854356

D. Blackburn, S. Sargsyan, P. Monk, and P. Shaw, Astrocyte function and role in motor neuron disease: A future therapeutic target?, Glia, vol.32, issue.6, pp.1251-64, 2009.
DOI : 10.1002/glia.20848

J. Brettschneider, J. Toledo, V. Van-deerlin, L. Elman, L. Mccluskey et al., Microglial Activation Correlates with Disease Progression and Upper Motor Neuron Clinical Symptoms in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, PLoS ONE, vol.5, issue.6, p.39216, 2012.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0039216.s002

URL : http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0039216

L. Joie, R. Perrotin, A. Barre, L. Hommet, C. Mezenge et al., Region-Specific Hierarchy between Atrophy, Hypometabolism, and ??-Amyloid (A??) Load in Alzheimer's Disease Dementia, Journal of Neuroscience, vol.32, issue.46, pp.16265-73, 2012.
DOI : 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2170-12.2012

F. Geser, N. Brandmeir, L. Kwong, M. Martinez-lage, L. Elman et al., Evidence of Multisystem Disorder in Whole-Brain Map of Pathological TDP-43 in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Archives of Neurology, vol.65, issue.5, pp.636-677, 2008.
DOI : 10.1001/archneur.65.5.636

A. Rocher, F. Chapon, X. Blaizot, J. Baron, and C. Chavoix, Resting-state brain glucose utilization as measured by PET is directly related to regional synaptophysin levels: a study in baboons, NeuroImage, vol.20, issue.3, pp.1894-1902, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.07.002

D. Ongur and J. Price, The Organization of Networks within the Orbital and Medial Prefrontal Cortex of Rats, Monkeys and Humans. Cereb Cortex, pp.206-225, 2000.

P. Lillo, E. Mioshi, J. Burrell, M. Kiernan, J. Hodges et al., Grey and White Matter Changes across the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis-Frontotemporal Dementia Continuum, PLoS ONE, vol.7, issue.8, p.43993, 2012.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0043993.s002

URL : http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0043993

D. Mezzapesa, A. Ceccarelli, F. Dicuonzo, A. Carella, D. Caro et al., Whole-brain and regional brain atrophy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, 2007.

J. Senda, S. Kato, T. Kaga, M. Ito, N. Atsuta et al., Progressive and widespread brain damage in ALS: MRI voxel-based morphometry and diffusion tensor imaging study, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, vol.201, issue.1, pp.59-69, 2011.
DOI : 10.1001/archneur.65.5.636

E. Tavazzi, M. Laganà, N. Bergsland, P. Tortorella, G. Pinardi et al., Grey matter damage in progressive multiple sclerosis versus amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a voxel-based morphometry MRI study, Neurological Sciences, vol.75, issue.18, pp.371-378, 2014.
DOI : 10.1007/s10072-014-1954-7

M. Tsujimoto, J. Senda, T. Ishihara, Y. Niimi, Y. Kawai et al., Behavioral changes in early ALS correlate with voxel-based morphometry and diffusion tensor imaging, Journal of the Neurological Sciences, vol.307, issue.1-2, pp.34-40, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jns.2011.05.025

C. Ellis, J. Suckling, E. Amaro, E. Bullmore, A. Simmons et al., Volumetric analysis reveals corticospinal tract degeneration and extramotor involvement in ALS, Neurology, vol.57, issue.9, pp.1571-1579, 2001.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.57.9.1571