M. Grandner, J. Martin, and N. Patel, Age and sleep disturbances among American men and women: It's more complicated than we thought, Sleep, vol.35, pp.395-406, 2012.

C. Cajochen, M. Munch, V. Knoblauch, K. Blatter, and A. Wirz-justice, Age???related Changes in the Circadian and Homeostatic Regulation of Human Sleep, Chronobiology International, vol.2, issue.1, pp.461-74, 2006.
DOI : 10.1081/CBI-100101046

S. Roepke and S. Ancoli-israel, Sleep disorders in the elderly, Indian J Med Res, vol.131, pp.302-312, 2010.

E. Crimmins, Trends in the Health of the Elderly, Annual Review of Public Health, vol.25, issue.1, pp.79-98, 2004.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.25.102802.124401

T. Åkerstedt, K. Hume, D. Minors, and J. Waterhouse, The meaning of good sleep: a longitudinal study of polysomnography and subjective sleep quality, Journal of Sleep Research, vol.43, issue.3, pp.152-160, 1994.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2869.1994.tb00122.x

M. Quera-salva, A. Orluc, F. Goldenberg, and C. Guilleminault, Insomnia and use of hypnotics: study of a French population, Sleep, vol.14, pp.386-91, 1991.

M. Ohayon and J. Zulley, Correlates of global sleep dissatisfaction in the German population, Sleep, vol.24, pp.780-787, 2001.

S. Pallesen, I. Nordhus, G. Nielsen, O. Havik, G. Kvale et al., Prevalence of insomnia in the adult Norwegian population, Sleep, vol.24, pp.771-780, 2001.

L. Bittencourt, R. Santos-silva, J. Taddei, M. Andersen, M. De-mello et al., Sleep complaints in the adult Brazilian population: a national survey based on screening questions, J Clin Sleep Med, vol.5, pp.459-63, 2009.

M. Klink and S. Quan, Prevalence of Reported Sleep Disturbances in a General Adult Population and their Relationship to Obstructive Airways Diseases, Chest, vol.91, issue.4, pp.540-546, 1987.
DOI : 10.1378/chest.91.4.540

D. Leger, C. Guilleminault, J. Dreyfus, C. Delahaye, and M. Paillard, Prevalence of insomnia in a survey of 12 778 adults in France, Journal of Sleep Research, vol.9, issue.1, pp.35-42, 2000.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-2869.2000.00178.x

B. Sivertsen, S. Krokstad, S. Overland, and A. Mykletun, The epidemiology of insomnia: Associations with physical and mental health., Journal of Psychosomatic Research, vol.67, issue.2, pp.109-125, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2009.05.001

M. Ohayon and G. Bader, Prevalence and correlates of insomnia in the Swedish population aged 19???75 years, Sleep Medicine, vol.11, issue.10, pp.980-986, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.sleep.2010.07.012

M. Ohayon and T. Paiva, Global sleep dissatisfaction for the assessment of insomnia severity in the general population of Portugal, Sleep Medicine, vol.6, issue.5, pp.435-476, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.sleep.2005.03.006

A. Hartz, J. Daly, N. Kohatsu, A. Stromquist, G. Jogerst et al., Risk Factors for Insomnia in a Rural Population, Annals of Epidemiology, vol.17, issue.12, pp.940-947, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.annepidem.2007.07.097

R. Li, Y. Wing, S. Ho, and S. Fong, Gender differences in insomnia???a study in the Hong Kong Chinese population, Journal of Psychosomatic Research, vol.53, issue.1, pp.601-610, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-3999(02)00437-3

R. Roberts, S. Shema, and G. Kaplan, Prospective Data on Sleep Complaints and Associated Risk Factors in an Older Cohort, Psychosomatic Medicine, vol.61, issue.2, pp.188-96, 1999.
DOI : 10.1097/00006842-199903000-00011

C. Morin, M. Leblanc, M. Daley, J. Gregoire, and C. Merette, Epidemiology of insomnia: Prevalence, self-help treatments, consultations, and determinants of help-seeking behaviors, Sleep Medicine, vol.7, issue.2, pp.123-153, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.sleep.2005.08.008

M. Ohayon and T. Sagales, Prevalence of insomnia and sleep characteristics in the general population of Spain, Sleep Medicine, vol.11, issue.10, pp.1010-1018, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.sleep.2010.02.018

I. Jaussent, Y. Dauvilliers, and M. Ancelin, Insomnia Symptoms in Older Adults: Associated Factors and Gender Differences, The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, vol.19, issue.1, pp.88-97, 2011.
DOI : 10.1097/JGP.0b013e3181e049b6
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00519717

T. Chandola, J. Ferrie, A. Perski, T. Akbaraly, and M. Marmot, The effect of short sleep duration on coronary heart disease risk is greatest among those with sleep disturbance: a prospective study from the Whitehall II cohort, Sleep, vol.33, pp.739-783, 2010.

M. Hamer, G. Batty, and M. Kivimäki, Sleep loss due to worry and future risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: the Scottish Health Survey, European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, vol.76, issue.9, 2011.
DOI : 10.1210/jcem.85.3.6484

R. Crum, C. Storr, Y. Chan, and D. Ford, Sleep Disturbance and Risk for Alcohol-Related Problems, American Journal of Psychiatry, vol.161, issue.7, pp.1197-203, 2004.
DOI : 10.1176/appi.ajp.161.7.1197

C. Jenkins, B. Stanton, S. Niemcryk, and R. Rose, A scale for the estimation of sleep problems in clinical research, Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, vol.41, issue.4, pp.313-334, 1988.
DOI : 10.1016/0895-4356(88)90138-2

T. Lallukka, A. Dregan, and D. Armstrong, Comparison of a Sleep Item From the General Health Questionnaire-12 With the Jenkins Sleep Questionnaire as Measures of Sleep Disturbance, Journal of Epidemiology, vol.21, issue.6, pp.474-80, 2011.
DOI : 10.2188/jea.JE20110023

D. Dinges, F. Pack, K. Williams, K. Gillen, J. Powell et al., Cumulative sleepiness, mood disturbance, and psychomotor vigilance performance decrements during a week of sleep restricted to 4-5 hours per night, Sleep, vol.20, pp.267-77, 1997.

H. Van-dongen, G. Maislin, J. Mullington, and D. Dinges, The cumulative cost of additional wakefulness: dose-response effects on neurobehavioral functions and sleep physiology from chronic sleep restriction and total sleep deprivation, Sleep, vol.26, pp.117-143, 2003.

Y. Ogawa, T. Kanbayashi, Y. Saito, Y. Takahashi, T. Kitajima et al., Total sleep deprivation elevates blood pressure through arterial baroreflex resetting: a study with microneurographic technique, Sleep, vol.26, pp.986-995, 2003.

G. Lac and A. Chamoux, Elevated salivary cortisol levels as a result of sleep deprivation in a shift worker, Occupational Medicine, vol.53, issue.2, pp.143-148, 2003.
DOI : 10.1093/occmed/kqg028

K. Spiegel, K. Knutson, R. Leproult, E. Tasali, and E. Van-cauter, Sleep loss: a novel risk factor for insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes, Journal of Applied Physiology, vol.99, issue.5, pp.2008-2027, 2005.
DOI : 10.1152/japplphysiol.00660.2005

W. Brown, Insomnia: prevalence and daytime consequences Sleep: a comprehensive handbook (pp 91-08), 2005.

J. Edinger and M. Means, Overview of insomnia: Definitions, epidemiology , differential diagnosis, and assessment Principles and practice of sleep medicine, pp.702-715, 2005.

M. Marmot and E. Brunner, Cohort Profile: The Whitehall II study, International Journal of Epidemiology, vol.34, issue.2, pp.251-257, 2005.
DOI : 10.1093/ije/dyh372

M. Kivimäki, D. Lawlor, D. Smith, G. Kouvonen, A. Virtanen et al., Socioeconomic Position, Co-Occurrence of Behavior-Related Risk Factors, and Coronary Heart Disease: the Finnish Public Sector Study, American Journal of Public Health, vol.97, issue.5, pp.874-883, 2007.
DOI : 10.2105/AJPH.2005.078691

D. Goldberg, R. Gater, N. Sartorius, T. Ustun, M. Piccinelli et al., The validity of two versions of the GHQ in the WHO study of mental illness in general health care, Psychological Medicine, vol.27, issue.1, pp.191-198, 1997.
DOI : 10.1017/S0033291796004242

M. Holi, M. Marttunen, and V. Aalberg, Comparison of the GHQ-36, the GHQ-12 and the SCL-90 as psychiatric screening instruments in the Finnish population, Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, vol.169, issue.3, pp.233-241, 2003.
DOI : 10.1080/08039480310001418

C. Ribet and F. Derriennic, Age, working conditions, and sleep disorders: a longitudinal analysis in the French cohort, E.S.T.E.V. Sleep, vol.22, pp.491-504, 1999.

U. Kujala, J. Kaprio, S. Sarna, and M. Koskenvuo, Relationship of Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Mortality, JAMA, vol.279, issue.6, pp.440-444, 1998.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.279.6.440

D. Spiegelman and E. Hertzmark, Easy SAS Calculations for Risk or Prevalence Ratios and Differences, American Journal of Epidemiology, vol.162, issue.3, pp.199-200, 2005.
DOI : 10.1093/aje/kwi188

S. Lipsitz, K. Kim, and L. Zhao, Analysis of repeated categorical data using generalized estimating equations, Statistics in Medicine, vol.54, issue.11, pp.1149-63, 1994.
DOI : 10.1002/sim.4780131106

. Who-collaborating-centre-for-drug-statistics and . Methodology, Guidelines for ATC classification and DDD assignment. Oslo, Norway: World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics, 2004.

J. Vahtera, H. Westerlund, and M. Hall, Effect of retirement on sleep disturbances: the GAZEL prospective cohort study, Sleep, vol.32, pp.1459-66, 2009.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00441056

M. Jokela, J. Ferrie, and D. Gimeno, From Midlife to Early Old Age, Epidemiology, vol.21, issue.3, pp.284-90, 2010.
DOI : 10.1097/EDE.0b013e3181d61f53
URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3204317

T. Oksanen, J. Vahtera, and H. Westerlund, Is Retirement Beneficial for Mental Health?, Epidemiology, vol.22, issue.4, pp.553-562, 2011.
DOI : 10.1097/EDE.0b013e31821c41bd
URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3132597

H. Westerlund, J. Vahtera, and J. Ferrie, Effect of retirement on major chronic conditions and fatigue: French GAZEL occupational cohort study, BMJ, vol.341, issue.nov23 1, p.6149, 2010.
DOI : 10.1136/bmj.c6149
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00550692

H. Westerlund, M. Kivimäki, and A. Singh-manoux, Self-rated health before and after retirement in France (GAZEL): a cohort study, The Lancet, vol.374, issue.9705, pp.1889-96, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61570-1
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00431840

R. Stewart, A. Besset, and P. Bebbington, Insomnia comorbidity and impact and hypnotic use by age group in a national survey population aged 16 to 74 years, Sleep, vol.29, pp.1391-1398, 2006.

D. Foley, S. Ancoli-israel, P. Britz, and J. Walsh, Sleep disturbances and chronic disease in older adults, Journal of Psychosomatic Research, vol.56, issue.5, pp.497-502, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2004.02.010

M. Vitiello, K. Moe, and P. Prinz, Sleep complaints cosegregate with illness in older adults, Journal of Psychosomatic Research, vol.53, issue.1, pp.555-564, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-3999(02)00435-X

M. Ohayon, M. Carskadon, C. Guilleminault, and M. Vitiello, Meta-analysis of quantitative sleep parameters from childhood to old age in healthy individuals: developing normative sleep values across the human lifespan, Sleep, vol.27, pp.1255-73, 2004.

D. Buysse, M. Hall, and P. Strollo, Relationships between the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and clinical/polysomnographic measures in a community sample, J Clin Sleep Med, vol.4, pp.563-71, 2008.

M. Ohayon, J. Zulley, C. Guilleminault, S. Smirne, and R. Priest, How Age and Daytime Activities Are Related to Insomnia in the General Population: Consequences for Older People, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol.30, issue.Suppl. 2, pp.360-366, 2001.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2001.49077.x

E. Kronholm, T. Partonen, and T. Laatikainen, Trends in self-reported sleep duration and insomnia-related symptoms in Finland from 1972 to 2005: a comparative review and re-analysis of Finnish population samples, Journal of Sleep Research, vol.6, issue.1, pp.54-62, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.smrv.2003.10.002

R. Santos-silva, L. Bittencourt, and M. Pires, Increasing trends of sleep complaints in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil, Sleep Medicine, vol.11, issue.6, pp.520-524, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.sleep.2009.12.011

H. Westerlund, K. Alexanderson, T. Akerstedt, M. Hanson, L. Theorell et al., Work-related sleep disturbances and sickness absence in the Swedish working population, Sleep, vol.31, pp.1169-77, 1993.

T. Åkerstedt, A. Knutsson, P. Westerholm, T. Theorell, L. Alfredsson et al., Sleep disturbances, work stress and work hours, Journal of Psychosomatic Research, vol.53, issue.3, pp.741-749, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-3999(02)00333-1

B. Zhang and Y. Wing, Sex differences in insomnia: a meta-analysis, Sleep, vol.29, pp.85-93, 2006.

E. Bixler, A. Vgontzas, H. Lin, A. Vela-bueno, and A. Kales, Insomnia in Central Pennsylvania, Journal of Psychosomatic Research, vol.53, issue.1, pp.589-92, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-3999(02)00450-6

H. Kravitz, P. Ganz, J. Bromberger, L. Powell, K. Sutton-tyrrell et al., Sleep difficulty in women at midlife: a community survey of sleep and the menopausal transition, Menopause, vol.10, pp.19-28, 2003.

K. Rödström, C. Bengtsson, L. Lissner, I. Milsom, V. Sundh et al., A longitudinal study of the treatment of hot flushes: the population study of women in Gothenburg during a quarter of a century, Menopause, vol.9, issue.3, pp.156-61, 2002.
DOI : 10.1097/00042192-200205000-00003

L. Lindh-astrand, M. Hoffmann, M. Hammar, and K. Kjellgren, Women's conception of the menopausal transition ? a qualitative study, Journal of Clinical Nursing, vol.76, issue.3, pp.509-526, 2007.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.288.3.321

L. Mallon, J. Broman, and J. Hetta, Sleep complaints predict coronary artery disease mortality in males: a 12-year follow-up study of a middle-aged Swedish population, Journal of Internal Medicine, vol.154, issue.3, pp.207-223, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0002-9343(98)00371-4

B. Phillips and D. Mannino, Do insomnia complaints cause hypertension or cardiovascular disease?, J Clin Sleep Med, vol.3, pp.489-94, 2007.

D. Ford and D. Kamerow, Epidemiologic Study of Sleep Disturbances and Psychiatric Disorders, JAMA, vol.262, issue.11, pp.1479-84, 1989.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.1989.03430110069030

M. Szklo-coxe, T. Young, P. Peppard, L. Finn, and R. Benca, Prospective Associations of Insomnia Markers and Symptoms With Depression, American Journal of Epidemiology, vol.171, issue.6, pp.709-729, 2010.
DOI : 10.1093/aje/kwp454

C. Baglioni, K. Spiegelhalder, C. Lombardo, and D. Riemann, Sleep and emotions: A focus on insomnia, Sleep Medicine Reviews, vol.14, issue.4, pp.227-265, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.smrv.2009.10.007