R. Whitmer, S. Sidney, J. Selby, S. Johnston, and K. Yaffe, Midlife cardiovascular risk factors and risk of dementia in late life, Neurology, vol.64, issue.2, pp.277-81, 2005.
DOI : 10.1212/01.WNL.0000149519.47454.F2

D. Knopman, L. Boland, T. Mosley, G. Howard, D. Liao et al., Cardiovascular risk factors and cognitive decline in middle-aged adults, Neurology, vol.56, issue.1, pp.42-50, 2001.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.56.1.42

D. Knopman, T. Mosley, D. Catellier, and A. Sharrett, Cardiovascular risk factors and cerebral atrophy in a middle-aged cohort, Neurology, vol.65, issue.6, pp.876-81, 2005.
DOI : 10.1212/01.wnl.0000176074.09733.a8

D. Nash and H. Fillit, Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Cognitive Impairment, The American Journal of Cardiology, vol.97, issue.8, pp.1262-1267, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.12.031

S. Debette, S. Seshadri, A. Beiser, R. Au, J. Himali et al., Midlife vascular risk factor exposure accelerates structural brain aging and cognitive decline, Alzheimer's & Dementia, vol.7, issue.4, pp.461-469, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jalz.2011.05.1431

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3146307

M. Kivipelto, E. Helkala, T. Hanninen, M. Laakso, M. Hallikainen et al., Midlife vascular risk factors and late-life mild cognitive impairment: A population-based study, Neurology, vol.56, issue.12, pp.1683-1692, 2001.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.56.12.1683

M. Kivipelto, T. Ngandu, L. Fratiglioni, M. Viitanen, I. Kareholt et al., Obesity and Vascular Risk Factors at Midlife and the Risk of Dementia and Alzheimer Disease, Archives of Neurology, vol.62, issue.10, pp.1556-60, 2005.
DOI : 10.1001/archneur.62.10.1556

L. Launer, K. Masaki, H. Petrovitch, D. Foley, and R. Havlik, The association between midlife blood pressure levels and late-life cognitive function. The Honolulu-Asia Aging Study, JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, vol.274, issue.23, pp.1846-51, 1995.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.274.23.1846

W. Xu, A. Atti, M. Gatz, N. Pedersen, B. Johansson et al., Midlife overweight and obesity increase late-life dementia risk: A population-based twin study, Neurology, vol.76, issue.18, pp.1568-74, 2011.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182190d09

J. Luchsinger, C. Reitz, L. Honig, M. Tang, S. Shea et al., Aggregation of vascular risk factors and risk of incident Alzheimer disease, Neurology, vol.65, issue.4, pp.545-51, 2005.
DOI : 10.1212/01.wnl.0000172914.08967.dc

C. Brady, S. A. Iii, R. Mcglinchey-berroth, W. Milberg, and J. Gaziano, Stroke Risk Predicts Verbal Fluency Decline in Healthy Older Men: Evidence From the Normative Aging Study, The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, vol.56, issue.6, pp.340-346, 2001.
DOI : 10.1093/geronb/56.6.P340

J. Brandt and M. Rogerson, Preliminary findings from an Internet-based dementia risk assessment, Alzheimer's & Dementia, vol.7, issue.4, pp.94-100, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jalz.2010.08.229

M. Elias, L. Sullivan, D. Agostino, R. Elias, P. Beiser et al., Framingham Stroke Risk Profile and Lowered Cognitive Performance, Stroke, vol.35, issue.2, pp.404-413, 2004.
DOI : 10.1161/01.STR.0000103141.82869.77

D. Llewellyn, I. Lang, J. Xie, F. Huppert, D. Melzer et al., Framingham Stroke Risk Profile and poor cognitive function: a population-based study, BMC Neurology, vol.77, issue.2, p.12, 2008.
DOI : 10.1136/jnnp.2005.070193

Y. Reijmer, E. Van-den-berg, S. Van, J. Dekker, G. Nijpels et al., Dementia Risk Score Predicts Cognitive Impairment after a Period of 15 Years in a Nondemented Population, Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, vol.31, issue.2, pp.152-159, 2011.
DOI : 10.1159/000324437

S. Seshadri, P. Wolf, A. Beiser, M. Elias, R. Au et al., Stroke risk profile, brain volume, and cognitive function: The Framingham Offspring Study, Neurology, vol.63, issue.9, pp.1591-1600, 2004.
DOI : 10.1212/01.WNL.0000142968.22691.70

F. Unverzagt, L. Mcclure, V. Wadley, N. Jenny, R. Go et al., Vascular risk factors and cognitive impairment in a stroke-free cohort, Neurology, vol.77, issue.19, pp.1729-1765, 2011.
DOI : 10.1212/WNL.0b013e318236ef23

S. Kaffashian, A. Dugravot, H. Nabi, G. Batty, E. Brunner et al., Predictive utility of the Framingham general cardiovascular disease risk profile for cognitive function: evidence from the Whitehall II study, European Heart Journal, vol.32, issue.18, 2011.
DOI : 10.1093/eurheartj/ehr133

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00598506

M. Marmot and E. Brunner, Cohort Profile: The Whitehall II study, International Journal of Epidemiology, vol.34, issue.2, pp.251-257, 2005.
DOI : 10.1093/ije/dyh372

M. Kivimaki, M. Shipley, C. Allan, C. Sexton, M. Jokela et al., Vascular Risk Status as a Predictor of Later-Life Depressive Symptoms: A Cohort Study, Biological Psychiatry, vol.72, issue.4, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.02.005

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-01157541

M. Kivipelto, T. Ngandu, T. Laatikainen, B. Winblad, H. Soininen et al., Risk score for the prediction of dementia risk in 20 years among middle aged people: a longitudinal, population-based study, The Lancet Neurology, vol.5, issue.9, pp.735-776, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/S1474-4422(06)70537-3

). Agostino, R. Wolf, P. Belanger, A. Kannel, and W. , Stroke risk profile: adjustment for antihypertensive medication. The Framingham Study, Stroke, vol.25, issue.1, pp.40-43, 1994.
DOI : 10.1161/01.STR.25.1.40

). Agostino, R. Sr, R. Vasan, M. Pencina, P. Wolf et al., General Cardiovascular Risk Profile for Use in Primary Care: The Framingham Heart Study, Circulation, vol.117, issue.6, pp.743-53, 2008.
DOI : 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.699579

P. Wolf, D. Agostino, R. Belanger, A. Kannel, and W. , Probability of stroke: a risk profile from the Framingham Study, Stroke, vol.22, issue.3, pp.312-320, 1991.
DOI : 10.1161/01.STR.22.3.312

A. Heim, AH4: Group Test of General Intelligence, 1970.

J. Borkowski, A. Benton, and O. Spreen, Word fluency and brain damage, Neuropsychologia, vol.5, issue.2, pp.135-175, 1967.
DOI : 10.1016/0028-3932(67)90015-2

J. Raven, Guide to using the Mill Hill vocabulary test with progressive matrices, 1965.

D. Evans, L. Hebert, L. Beckett, P. Scherr, M. Albert et al., Education and Other Measures of Socioeconomic Status and Risk of Incident Alzheimer Disease in a Defined Population of Older Persons, Archives of Neurology, vol.54, issue.11, pp.1399-405, 1997.
DOI : 10.1001/archneur.1997.00550230066019

T. Ngandu, S. Von, E. Helkala, B. Winblad, A. Nissinen et al., Education and dementia: What lies behind the association?, Neurology, vol.69, issue.14, pp.1442-50, 2007.
DOI : 10.1212/01.wnl.0000277456.29440.16

Y. Stern, B. Gurland, T. Tatemichi, M. Tang, D. Wilder et al., Influence of Education and Occupation on the Incidence of Alzheimer's Disease, JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, vol.271, issue.13, pp.1004-1014, 1994.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.1994.03510370056032

A. Karlamangla, D. Miller-martinez, C. Aneshensel, T. Seeman, R. Wight et al., Trajectories of Cognitive Function in Late Life in the United States: Demographic and Socioeconomic Predictors, American Journal of Epidemiology, vol.170, issue.3, pp.331-373, 2009.
DOI : 10.1093/aje/kwp154

A. Singh-manoux, M. Marmot, M. Glymour, S. Sabia, M. Kivimaki et al., Does cognitive reserve shape cognitive decline?, Annals of Neurology, vol.106, issue.2, pp.296-304, 2011.
DOI : 10.1002/ana.22391

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00598424

S. Debette, A. Beiser, C. Decarli, R. Au, J. Himali et al., Association of MRI Markers of Vascular Brain Injury With Incident Stroke, Mild Cognitive Impairment, Dementia, and Mortality: The Framingham Offspring Study, Stroke, vol.41, issue.4, pp.600-606, 2010.
DOI : 10.1161/STROKEAHA.109.570044

P. Gorelick, A. Scuteri, S. Black, C. Decarli, S. Greenberg et al., Vascular Contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association, Stroke, vol.42, issue.9, pp.2672-713, 2011.
DOI : 10.1161/STR.0b013e3182299496

D. Knopman, T. Mosley, D. Catellier, and L. Coker, Fourteen-year longitudinal study of vascular risk factors, APOE genotype, and cognition: The ARIC MRI Study, Alzheimer's & Dementia, vol.5, issue.3, pp.207-221, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jalz.2009.01.027

B. Stephan, T. Kurth, F. Matthews, C. Brayne, and C. Dufouil, Dementia risk prediction in the population: are screening models accurate?, Nature Reviews Neurology, vol.54, issue.6, pp.318-344, 2010.
DOI : 10.1038/nrneurol.2010.54

D. Khalili, F. Hadaegh, H. Soori, E. Steyerberg, M. Bozorgmanesh et al., Clinical Usefulness of the Framingham Cardiovascular Risk Profile Beyond Its Statistical Performance: The Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study, American Journal of Epidemiology, vol.176, issue.3, pp.177-86, 2012.
DOI : 10.1093/aje/kws204

D. Barnes and K. Yaffe, The projected effect of risk factor reduction on Alzheimer's disease prevalence, The Lancet Neurology, vol.10, issue.9, pp.819-847, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/S1474-4422(11)70072-2

J. De-la-torre, Alzheimer's disease is incurable but preventable, J Alzheimers Dis, vol.20, issue.39, pp.861-70, 2010.

H. Diener, Prevention of dementia should start 20 years before symptoms become apparent, European Heart Journal, vol.32, issue.18, pp.2228-2258, 2011.
DOI : 10.1093/eurheartj/ehr122