. Département-de-biopathologie, I. G. Centre-de-ressources-biologiques, and . Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94800 Villejuif, France. 5 Laboratoire de Recherche Translationnelle, Module d'HistoCytoPathologie, p.114

E. Vaillant, 7 Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou

H. Mehanna, V. Paleri, C. West, and C. Nutting, Head and neck cancer--Part 1: Epidemiology, presentation, and prevention, BMJ, vol.341, issue.sep20 1, p.4684, 2010.
DOI : 10.1136/bmj.c4684

H. Mehanna, C. West, C. Nutting, and V. Paleri, Head and neck cancer--Part 2: Treatment and prognostic factors, BMJ, vol.341, issue.sep28 2, p.4690, 2010.
DOI : 10.1136/bmj.c4690

C. Badoual, G. Bouchaud, A. Nel, H. Mortier, E. Hans et al., The soluble alpha chain of interleukin-15 receptor: a proinflammatory molecule associated with tumor progression in head and neck cancer, Cancer Res, issue.10, pp.683907-3914, 2008.

E. Tartour, V. Mosseri, T. Jouffroy, L. Deneux, C. Jaulerry et al., Serum soluble interleukin???2 receptor concentrations as an independent prognostic marker in head and neck cancer, The Lancet, vol.357, issue.9264, pp.3571263-1264, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04420-2

S. Schmitz and J. Machiels, Molecular biology of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: relevance and therapeutic implications, Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy, vol.10, issue.9, pp.1471-1484, 2010.
DOI : 10.1586/era.10.115

B. Brinkman and D. Wong, Disease mechanism and biomarkers of oral squamous cell carcinoma, Current Opinion in Oncology, vol.18, issue.3, pp.228-233, 2006.
DOI : 10.1097/01.cco.0000219250.15041.f8

F. Mami-chouaib, H. Echchakir, G. Dorothee, I. Vergnon, and S. Chouaib, Antitumor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response in human lung carcinoma: identification of a tumor-associated antigen, Immunological Reviews, vol.165, issue.1, pp.114-121, 2002.
DOI : 10.1084/jem.188.9.1641

N. Bercovici, N. Haicheur, S. Massicard, F. Vernel-pauillac, O. Adotevi et al., Analysis and Characterization of Antitumor T-cell Response After Administration of Dendritic Cells Loaded With Allogeneic Tumor Lysate to Metastatic Melanoma Patients, Journal of Immunotherapy, vol.31, issue.1, pp.31101-112, 2008.
DOI : 10.1097/CJI.0b013e318159f5ba

B. Helmich, The Role of Adoptively Transferred CD8 T Cells and Host Cells in the Control of the Growth of the EG7 Thymoma: Factors That Determine the Relative Effectiveness and Homing Properties of Tc1 and Tc2 Effectors, The Journal of Immunology, vol.166, issue.11, pp.6500-65086500, 2001.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.166.11.6500

U. Blohm, A. Van-der-kogel, and H. Pircher, Solid tumors ???melt??? from the inside after successful CD8 T cell attack, European Journal of Immunology, vol.60, issue.2, pp.468-477, 2006.
DOI : 10.1002/eji.200526175

J. Hollenbaugh, IFN-?? Regulates Donor CD8 T Cell Expansion, Migration, and Leads to Apoptosis of Cells of a Solid Tumor, The Journal of Immunology, vol.177, issue.5, pp.3004-3011, 2006.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.177.5.3004

G. Dunn, H. Ikeda, L. Old, and R. Schreiber, Cancer immunoediting: from immunosurveillance to tumor escape, Nature Immunology, vol.3, issue.11, pp.991-998, 2002.
DOI : 10.1038/ni1102-991

G. Dunn and R. Schreiber, The Immunobiology of Cancer Immunosurveillance and Immunoediting, Immunity, vol.21, issue.2, pp.137-148, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.immuni.2004.07.017

W. Fridman, F. Pages, E. Tartour, and C. Sautes-fridman, Prognostic and Predictive Impact of Intra- and Peritumoral Immune Infiltrates, Cancer Research, vol.71, issue.17, pp.5601-5605, 2011.
DOI : 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1316

J. Galon, F. Sanchez-cabo, A. Kirilovsky, and B. Mlecnik, Type, Density, and Location of Immune Cells Within Human Colorectal Tumors Predict Clinical Outcome, Science, vol.313, issue.5795, pp.1960-1964, 2006.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1129139

S. Budhu, J. Loike, A. Pandolfi, S. Han, G. Catalano et al., T cell concentration determines their efficiency in killing cognate antigen???expressing syngeneic mammalian cells in vitro and in mouse tissues, The Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol.46, issue.1, pp.223-235, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/0022-1759(86)90079-7

F. Sandoval, M. Terme, M. Nizard, C. Badoual, M. Bureau et al., Mucosal Imprinting of Vaccine-Induced CD8+ T Cells Is Crucial to Inhibit the Growth of Mucosal Tumors, Science Translational Medicine, vol.5, issue.172, p.172
DOI : 10.1126/scitranslmed.3004888

O. Nakano, M. Sato, Y. Naito, K. Suzuki, S. Orikasa et al., Proliferative activity of intratumoral CD8(+) T-lymphocytes as a prognostic factor in human renal cell carcinoma: clinicopathologic demonstration of antitumor immunity, Cancer Res, issue.13, pp.615132-5136, 2001.

E. Bromwich, P. Mcardle, K. Canna, D. Mcmillan, A. Mcnicol et al., The relationship between T-lymphocyte infiltration, stage, tumour grade and survival in patients undergoing curative surgery for renal cell cancer, British Journal of Cancer, vol.89, issue.10, pp.891906-1908, 2003.
DOI : 10.1038/sj.bjc.6601400

J. Oudejans, N. Jiwa, J. Kummer, G. Ossenkoppele, P. Van-heerde et al., Activated cytotoxic T cells as prognostic marker in Hodgkin's disease, pp.1376-1382, 1997.

J. Muris, C. Meijer, S. Cillessen, W. Vos, J. Kummer et al., Prognostic significance of activated cytotoxic T-lymphocytes in primary nodal diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, Leukemia, vol.18, issue.3, pp.589-596, 2004.
DOI : 10.1038/sj.leu.2403240

C. Badoual, S. Hans, J. Rodriguez, S. Peyrard, C. Klein et al., Prognostic Value of Tumor-Infiltrating CD4+ T-Cell Subpopulations in Head and Neck Cancers, Clinical Cancer Research, vol.12, issue.2, pp.465-472, 2006.
DOI : 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-1886

M. Noman, S. Buart, P. Romero, S. Ketari, B. Janji et al., Hypoxia-Inducible miR-210 Regulates the Susceptibility of Tumor Cells to Lysis by Cytotoxic T Cells, Cancer Research, vol.72, issue.18, pp.724629-4641
DOI : 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-12-1383

M. Hasmim, M. Noman, J. Lauriol, H. Benlalam, A. Mallavialle et al., Hypoxia-Dependent Inhibition of Tumor Cell Susceptibility to CTL-Mediated Lysis Involves NANOG Induction in Target Cells, The Journal of Immunology, vol.187, issue.8, pp.1874031-4039, 2011.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.1101011
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00640044

M. Noman, S. Buart, J. Van-pelt, C. Richon, M. Hasmim et al., The cooperative induction of hypoxiainducible factor-1 alpha and STAT3 during hypoxia induced an impairment of tumor susceptibility to CTL-mediated cell lysis, pp.1823510-3521, 2009.

S. Abouzahr, G. Bismuth, C. Gaudin, C. O. Van-endert, P. Jalil et al., Identification of target actin content and polymerization status as a mechanism of tumor resistance after cytolytic T lymphocyte pressure, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.103, issue.5, pp.1428-1433, 2006.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.0510454103

A. Hamai, F. Meslin, H. Benlalam, A. Jalil, M. Mehrpour et al., ICAM-1 Has a Critical Role in the Regulation of Metastatic Melanoma Tumor Susceptibility to CTL Lysis by Interfering with PI3K/AKT Pathway, Cancer Research, vol.68, issue.23, pp.689854-9864, 2008.
DOI : 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-0719

M. Noman, B. Janji, B. Kaminska, K. Van-moer, S. Pierson et al., Blocking Hypoxia-Induced Autophagy in Tumors Restores Cytotoxic T-Cell Activity and Promotes Regression, Cancer Research, vol.71, issue.18, pp.715976-5986, 2011.
DOI : 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1094

W. Wang, R. Lau, D. Yu, W. Zhu, A. Korman et al., PD1 blockade reverses the suppression of melanoma antigen-specific CTL by CD4+CD25Hi regulatory T cells, International Immunology, vol.21, issue.9, pp.1065-1077, 2009.
DOI : 10.1093/intimm/dxp072

C. Badoual, S. Hans, N. Merillon, C. Van-ryswick, P. Ravel et al., PD-1-Expressing Tumor-Infiltrating T Cells Are a Favorable Prognostic Biomarker in HPV-Associated Head and Neck Cancer, Cancer Research, vol.73, issue.1, pp.128-138, 2013.
DOI : 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-12-2606

E. Pasquale, Eph-Ephrin Bidirectional Signaling in Physiology and Disease, Cell, vol.133, issue.1, pp.38-52, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cell.2008.03.011

H. Iida, H. Kawai, T. Yamashita, Y. Shirota, B. Wang et al., Ephrin-A1 expression contributes to the malignant characteristics of ??-fetoprotein producing hepatocellular carcinoma, Gut, vol.54, issue.6, pp.843-851, 2005.
DOI : 10.1136/gut.2004.049486

F. Xu, J. Li, Z. Shanshen, J. Cui, J. Nesland et al., Predictive value of EphA2 and EphrinA-1 expression in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, Anticancer Res, vol.25, issue.4, pp.2943-2950, 2005.

Z. Shao, K. Song, H. Zhang, K. Liu, and Z. Shang, EphA2/EphrinA1 mRNA Expression and Protein Production in Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of Salivary Gland, Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, vol.71, issue.5, pp.869-878
DOI : 10.1016/j.joms.2012.10.026

H. Miao, A. Mukherjee, H. Guo, A. Petty, J. Cutter et al., EphA2 Mediates Ligand-Dependent Inhibition and Ligand-Independent Promotion of Cell Migration and Invasion via a Reciprocal Regulatory Loop with Akt, Cancer Cell, vol.16, issue.1, pp.9-20, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ccr.2009.04.009

L. Noblitt, D. Bangari, S. Shukla, D. Knapp, S. Mohammed et al., Decreased tumorigenic potential of EphA2-overexpressing breast cancer cells following treatment with adenoviral vectors that express EphrinA1, Cancer Gene Therapy, vol.11, issue.11, pp.11757-766, 2004.
DOI : 10.1038/sj.cgt.7700761

N. Noren, G. Foos, C. Hauser, and E. Pasquale, The EphB4 receptor suppresses breast cancer cell tumorigenicity through an Abl???Crk pathway, Nature Cell Biology, vol.2, issue.8, pp.815-825, 2006.
DOI : 10.1038/ncb1438

S. Chiu, K. Chang, C. Ting, H. Shen, H. Li et al., Over-expression of EphB3 enhances cell-cell contacts and suppresses tumor growth in HT-29 human colon cancer cells, Carcinogenesis, vol.30, issue.9, pp.1475-1486, 2009.
DOI : 10.1093/carcin/bgp133

D. Kwiatkowski, Functions of gelsolin: motility, signaling, apoptosis, cancer, Current Opinion in Cell Biology, vol.11, issue.1, pp.103-108, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0955-0674(99)80012-X

S. Khurana and S. George, Regulation of cell structure and function by actin-binding proteins: Villin's perspective, FEBS Letters, vol.84, issue.14, pp.5822128-2139, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.febslet.2008.02.040

R. Zunino, Q. Li, S. Rose, M. Romero-benitez, T. Lejen et al., Expression of scinderin in megakaryoblastic leukemia cells induces differentiation, maturation, and apoptosis with release of plateletlike particles and inhibits proliferation and tumorigenesis, Blood, vol.98, issue.7, pp.982210-2219, 2001.
DOI : 10.1182/blood.V98.7.2210

N. Miura, N. Takemori, T. Kikugawa, N. Tanji, S. Higashiyama et al., Adseverin: A novel cisplatin-resistant marker in the human bladder cancer cell line HT1376 identified by quantitative proteomic analysis, Molecular Oncology, vol.136, issue.Suppl. 5, pp.311-322
DOI : 10.1016/j.molonc.2011.12.002

S. Abouzahr-rifai, M. Hasmim, H. Boukerche, J. Hamelin, B. Janji et al., Resistance of Tumor Cells to Cytolytic T Lymphocytes Involves Rho-GTPases and Focal Adhesion Kinase Activation, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.283, issue.46, pp.28331665-31672, 2008.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M800078200
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00407965

Q. Le, C. Kong, P. Lavori, O. Byrne, K. Erler et al., Expression and Prognostic Significance of a Panel of Tissue Hypoxia Markers in Head-and-Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas, International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, vol.69, issue.1
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.01.071

E. Tartour, L. Deneux, V. Mosseri, C. Jaulerry, F. Brunin et al., Soluble interleukin-2 receptor serum level as a predictor of locoregional control and survival for patients with head and neck carcinoma, Cancer, vol.16, issue.7, pp.791401-1408, 1997.
DOI : 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19970401)79:7<1401::AID-CNCR18>3.0.CO;2-3

D. Wansom, E. Light, D. Thomas, F. Worden, M. Prince et al., Infiltrating lymphocytes and human papillomavirus-16-associated oropharyngeal cancer, The Laryngoscope, vol.69, issue.1, pp.121-127
DOI : 10.1002/lary.22133

D. Pretscher, L. Distel, G. Grabenbauer, M. Wittlinger, M. Buettner et al., Distribution of immune cells in head and neck cancer: CD8+ T-cells and CD20+B-cells in metastatic lymph nodes are associated with favourable outcome in patients with oro- and hypopharyngeal carcinoma, BMC Cancer, vol.78, issue.8, p.292, 2009.
DOI : 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19961015)78:8<1677::AID-CNCR7>3.0.CO;2-B

S. Rajjoub, S. Basha, E. Einhorn, M. Cohen, D. Marvel et al., Prognostic significance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in oropharyngeal cancer, Ear Nose Throat J, vol.86, issue.8, pp.506-511, 2007.

J. Grandis, D. Falkner, M. Melhem, W. Gooding, S. Drenning et al., Human leukocyte antigen class I allelic and haplotype loss in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: clinical and immunogenetic consequences, Clin Cancer Res, vol.6, issue.7, pp.2794-2802, 2000.

T. Ogino, H. Shigyo, H. Ishii, A. Katayama, N. Miyokawa et al., HLA Class I Antigen Down-regulation in Primary Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Lesions as a Poor Prognostic Marker, Cancer Research, vol.66, issue.18, pp.669281-9289, 2006.
DOI : 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-0488

A. Nasman, E. Andersson, C. Nordfors, N. Grun, H. Johansson et al., MHC class I expression in HPV positive and negative tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma in correlation to clinical outcome, International Journal of Cancer, vol.118, issue.Suppl 1, pp.72-81
DOI : 10.1002/ijc.27635

A. Jung, S. Guihard, S. Krugell, S. Ledrappier, A. Brochot et al., CD8-alpha T-cell infiltration in human papillomavirus-related oropharyngeal carcinoma correlates with improved patient prognosis, International Journal of Cancer, vol.14, issue.2, pp.26-36
DOI : 10.1002/ijc.27776

L. Distel, R. Fickenscher, K. Dietel, A. Hung, H. Iro et al., Tumour infiltrating lymphocytes in squamous cell carcinoma of the oro- and hypopharynx: Prognostic impact may depend on type of treatment and stage of disease, Oral Oncology, vol.45, issue.10, pp.45-167, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2009.05.640

A. Nasman, M. Romanitan, C. Nordfors, N. Grun, H. Johansson et al., Tumor Infiltrating CD8+ and Foxp3+ Lymphocytes Correlate to Clinical Outcome and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Status in Tonsillar Cancer, PLoS ONE, vol.107, issue.6, p.38711
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0038711.t004

C. Badoual, F. Sandoval, H. Pere, S. Hans, A. Gey et al., Better understanding tumor-host interaction in head and neck cancer to improve the design and development of immunotherapeutic strategies, Head & Neck, vol.58, issue.15 Pt 1, pp.32946-958, 2010.
DOI : 10.1002/hed.21346

Y. Watanabe, F. Katou, H. Ohtani, T. Nakayama, Y. O. Hashimoto et al., Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, particularly the balance between CD8+ T cells and CCR4+ regulatory T cells, affect the survival of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma, Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology, vol.109, issue.5, pp.744-752, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tripleo.2009.12.015

H. Pere, Y. Montier, J. Bayry, F. Quintin-colonna, N. Merillon et al., A CCR4 antagonist combined with vaccines induces antigen-specific CD8+ T cells and tumor immunity against self antigens, Blood, vol.118, issue.18, pp.1184853-4862, 2011.
DOI : 10.1182/blood-2011-01-329656
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-00711130