K. Spalding, E. Arner, P. Westermark, S. Bernard, B. Buchholz et al., Dynamics of fat cell turnover in humans, Nature, issue.7196, pp.453783-787, 2008.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00372715

V. Large and P. Arner, Regulation of lipolysis in humans. Pathophysiological modulation in obesity, diabetes, and hyperlipidaemia, Diabetes Metab, vol.24, issue.5, pp.409-418, 1998.

G. Hotamisligil, P. Arner, J. Caro, R. Atkinson, and B. Spiegelman, Increased adipose tissue expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in human obesity and insulin resistance., Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol.95, issue.5, pp.2409-2415, 1995.
DOI : 10.1172/JCI117936

K. Wellen and G. Hotamisligil, Obesity-induced inflammatory changes in adipose tissue, Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol.112, issue.12, pp.1785-1788, 2003.
DOI : 10.1172/JCI20514

P. Trayhurn and I. Wood, Adipokines: inflammation and the pleiotropic role of white adipose tissue, British Journal of Nutrition, vol.14, issue.03, pp.347-355, 2004.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.162349799

P. Decaunes, D. Esteve, A. Zakaroff-girard, C. Sengenes, J. Galitzky et al., Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells: Cytokine Expression and Immune Cell Contaminants, Methods Mol Biol, vol.702, pp.151-161, 2011.
DOI : 10.1007/978-1-61737-960-4_12

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00852298

S. Weisberg, D. Mccann, M. Desai, M. Rosenbaum, R. Leibel et al., Obesity is associated with macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue, Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol.112, issue.12, pp.1796-1808, 2003.
DOI : 10.1172/JCI19246DS1

P. Arner, Human fat cell lipolysis: Biochemistry, regulation and clinical role, Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol.19, issue.4, pp.471-482, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.beem.2005.07.004

I. Dahlman, M. Elsen, N. Tennagels, M. Korn, B. Brockmann et al., Functional annotation of the human fat cell secretome, Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, vol.118, issue.3, pp.84-91
DOI : 10.1021/pr100521c

P. Trayhurn, C. Drevon, and J. Eckel, Secreted proteins from adipose tissue and skeletal muscle ??? adipokines, myokines and adipose/muscle cross-talk, Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, vol.273, issue.2, pp.47-56, 2011.
DOI : 10.1038/372425a0

M. Deininger, R. Meyermann, and H. Schluesener, The allograft inflammatory factor-1 family of proteins, FEBS Letters, vol.64, issue.2-3, pp.2-3115, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0014-5793(02)02430-4

K. Watano, K. Iwabuchi, S. Fujii, N. Ishimori, S. Mitsuhashi et al., Allograft inflammatory factor-1 augments production of interleukin-6, -10and -12 by a mouse macrophage line, Immunology, vol.712, issue.3, pp.307-316, 2001.
DOI : 10.1097/00007890-199911150-00001

M. Autieri, S. Kelemen, and K. Wendt, AIF-1 Is an Actin-Polymerizing and Rac1-Activating Protein That Promotes Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration, Circulation Research, vol.92, issue.10, pp.921107-1114, 2003.
DOI : 10.1161/01.RES.0000074000.03562.CC

A. Brauner, O. Hertting, E. Alkstrand, E. Sandberg, M. Chromek et al., CAPD peritonitis induces the production of a novel peptide, daintain/allograft inflammatory factor-1, Perit Dial Int, vol.23, issue.1, pp.5-13, 2003.

H. Koshiba, J. Kitawaki, M. Teramoto, Y. Kitaoka, H. Ishihara et al., Expression of Allograft Inflammatory Factor-1 in Human Eutopic Endometrium and Endometriosis: Possible Association with Progression of Endometriosis, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol.90, issue.1, pp.529-537, 2005.
DOI : 10.1210/jc.2004-0871

G. Thorleifsson, G. Walters, D. Gudbjartsson, V. Steinthorsdottir, P. Sulem et al., Genome-wide association yields new sequence variants at seven loci that associate with measures of obesity, Nature Genetics, vol.87, issue.1, pp.4118-4142, 2009.
DOI : 10.1038/ng1104-1129

I. Casimiro, Role of allograft inflammatory factor-1 (Aif-1) in macrophage activity, atherosclerosis, and obesity, 2010.

P. Lofgren, I. Andersson, B. Adolfsson, B. Leijonhufvud, K. Hertel et al., Long-Term Prospective and Controlled Studies Demonstrate Adipose Tissue Hypercellularity and Relative Leptin Deficiency in the Postobese State, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol.90, issue.11, pp.906207-6213, 2005.
DOI : 10.1210/jc.2005-0596

J. Bolinder, H. Lithell, E. Skarfors, and P. Arner, Effects of Obesity, Hyperinsulinemia, and Glucose Intolerance on Insulin Action in Adipose Tissue of Sixty-Year-Old Men, Diabetes, vol.35, issue.3, pp.282-290, 1986.
DOI : 10.2337/diab.35.3.282

E. Bonora, G. Targher, M. Alberiche, R. Bonadonna, F. Saggiani et al., Homeostasis model assessment closely mirrors the glucose clamp technique in the assessment of insulin sensitivity: studies in subjects with various degrees of glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, Diabetes Care, vol.23, issue.1, pp.57-63, 2000.
DOI : 10.2337/diacare.23.1.57

J. Hoffstedt, E. Arner, H. Wahrenberg, D. Andersson, V. Qvisth et al., Regional impact of adipose tissue morphology on the metabolic profile in morbid obesity, Diabetologia, vol.57, issue.12, pp.532496-2503, 2010.
DOI : 10.1007/s00125-010-1889-3

E. Klimcakova, B. Roussel, Z. Kovacova, M. Kovacikova, M. Siklova-vitkova et al., Macrophage gene expression is related to obesity and the metabolic syndrome in human subcutaneous fat as well as in visceral fat, Diabetologia, vol.57, issue.Suppl, pp.876-887, 2011.
DOI : 10.1007/s00125-010-2014-3

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00617667

C. Curat, A. Miranville, C. Sengenes, M. Diehl, C. Tonus et al., From Blood Monocytes to Adipose Tissue-Resident Macrophages: Induction of Diapedesis by Human Mature Adipocytes, Diabetes, vol.53, issue.5, pp.1285-1292, 2004.
DOI : 10.2337/diabetes.53.5.1285

A. Miranville, C. Heeschen, C. Sengenes, C. Curat, R. Busse et al., Improvement of Postnatal Neovascularization by Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells, Circulation, vol.110, issue.3, pp.349-355, 2004.
DOI : 10.1161/01.CIR.0000135466.16823.D0

S. Lorente-cebrian, A. Eriksson, T. Dunlop, N. Mejhert, I. Dahlman et al., Differential effects of 1alpha,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol on MCP-1 and adiponectin production in human white adipocytes, Eur J Nutr, issue.3, pp.51335-342, 2011.

F. Lonnqvist, L. Nordfors, M. Jansson, A. Thorne, M. Schalling et al., Leptin secretion from adipose tissue in women. Relationship to plasma levels and gene expression., Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol.99, issue.10, pp.992398-2404, 1997.
DOI : 10.1172/JCI119422

I. Dahlman, M. Kaaman, T. Olsson, G. Tan, A. Bickerton et al., A Unique Role of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 among Chemokines in Adipose Tissue of Obese Subjects, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol.90, issue.10, pp.905834-5840, 2005.
DOI : 10.1210/jc.2005-0369

E. Arner, N. Mejhert, A. Kulyte, P. Balwierz, M. Pachkov et al., Adipose Tissue MicroRNAs as Regulators of CCL2 Production in Human Obesity, Diabetes, vol.61, issue.8, pp.611986-1993
DOI : 10.2337/db11-1508

D. Lamers, S. Famulla, N. Wronkowitz, S. Hartwig, S. Lehr et al., Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Is a Novel Adipokine Potentially Linking Obesity to the Metabolic Syndrome, Diabetes, vol.60, issue.7, pp.601917-1925, 2011.
DOI : 10.2337/db10-1707

A. Rosenow, T. Arrey, F. Bouwman, J. Noben, M. Wabitsch et al., Identification of Novel Human Adipocyte Secreted Proteins by Using SGBS Cells, Journal of Proteome Research, vol.9, issue.10, pp.5389-5401
DOI : 10.1021/pr100621g

M. Autieri, C. Carbone, and A. Mu, Expression of Allograft Inflammatory Factor-1 Is a Marker of Activated Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Arterial Injury, Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, vol.20, issue.7, pp.1737-1744, 2000.
DOI : 10.1161/01.ATV.20.7.1737

H. Xu, G. Barnes, Q. Yang, G. Tan, D. Yang et al., Chronic inflammation in fat plays a crucial role in the development of obesity-related insulin resistance, Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol.112, issue.12, pp.1121821-1830, 2003.
DOI : 10.1172/JCI19451DS1

M. Fukui, M. Tanaka, H. Toda, M. Asano, M. Yamazaki et al., The serum concentration of allograft inflammatory factor???1 is correlated with metabolic parameters in healthy subjects, Metabolism, vol.61, issue.7, pp.611021-1025
DOI : 10.1016/j.metabol.2011.12.001

M. Fukui, M. Tanaka, M. Asano, M. Yamazaki, G. Hasegawa et al., Serum allograft inflammatory factor-1 is a novel marker for diabetic nephropathy. Diabetes research and clinical practice 2012, pp.146-150

X. Chen, S. Kelemen, and M. Autieri, AIF-1 Expression Modulates Proliferation of Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Autocrine Expression of G-CSF, Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, vol.24, issue.7, pp.1217-1222, 2004.
DOI : 10.1161/01.ATV.0000130024.50058.de

Y. Tian, S. Jain, S. Kelemen, and M. Autieri, AIF-1 expression regulates endothelial cell activation, signal transduction, and vasculogenesis, AJP: Cell Physiology, vol.296, issue.2, pp.256-266, 2009.
DOI : 10.1152/ajpcell.00325.2008

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2643850