F. Baud and . Megarbanne, A Tenaillon

L. Jm-coulaud and . Donetti, JP Terville (trauma and surgical ICU), H Outin (medical ICU); Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal du Raincy-Montfermeil, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré

H. Tenon, C Mayaud, A Parrot (respiratory and medical ICU); F Bonnet, JP Fulgencio (surgical ICU unit

R. Balk, F. Cerra, R. Dellinger, A. Fein, W. Knaus et al., References 1 Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis, The ACCP/SCCM Consensus Conference Committee, pp.1644-1655, 1992.

G. Friedman, E. Silva, and J. Vincent, Has the mortality of septic shock changed with time? Crit Care Med, pp.2078-2086, 1998.

B. Guidet, P. Aegerter, R. Gauzit, P. Meshaka, and D. Dreyfuss, Incidence and Impact of Organ Dysfunctions Associated With Sepsis, Chest, vol.127, issue.3, pp.942-951, 2005.
DOI : 10.1378/chest.127.3.942

V. Dombrovskiy, A. Martin, J. Sunderram, and H. Paz, Rapid increase in hospitalization and mortality rates for severe sepsis in the United States: A trend analysis from 1993 to 2003*, Critical Care Medicine, vol.35, issue.5, pp.1244-1250, 1993.
DOI : 10.1097/01.CCM.0000261890.41311.E9

D. Annane, P. Aegerter, M. Jars-guincestre, and B. Guidet, Current Epidemiology of Septic Shock, American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, vol.168, issue.2, pp.165-172, 2003.
DOI : 10.1164/rccm.2201087

G. Martin, D. Mannino, S. Eaton, and M. Moss, The Epidemiology of Sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.348, issue.16, pp.1546-1554, 1979.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJMoa022139

G. Martin, D. Mannino, and M. Moss, The effect of age on the development and outcome of adult sepsis*, Critical Care Medicine, vol.34, issue.1, pp.15-21, 2006.
DOI : 10.1097/01.CCM.0000194535.82812.BA

R. Dellinger, J. Carlet, H. Masur, H. Gerlach, C. T. Cohen et al., Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock, Critical Care Medicine, vol.32, issue.3, pp.858-873, 2004.
DOI : 10.1097/01.CCM.0000117317.18092.E4

D. Carlbom and G. Rubenfeld, Barriers to implementing protocol-based sepsis resuscitation in the emergency department???Results of a national survey*, Critical Care Medicine, vol.35, issue.11, pp.2525-2532, 2007.
DOI : 10.1097/01.ccm.0000298122.49245.d7

D. Yu, E. Black, K. Sands, J. Schwartz, P. Hibberd et al., Academic Medical Center Consortium Sepsis Project Working Group: Severe sepsis: variation in resource and therapeutic modality use among academic centers, Critical Care, vol.7, issue.3, pp.24-34, 2003.
DOI : 10.1186/cc2171

P. Aegerter, B. Auvert, G. Buonamico, M. Sznajder, A. Beauchet et al., Cub-Réa: [Organization and quality control of a clinical database on intensive care medicine in central and suburban Paris]. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique, pp.226-237, 1998.

B. Guidet, P. Aegerter, R. Gauzit, P. Meshaka, and D. Dreyfuss, Incidence and Impact of Organ Dysfunctions Associated With Sepsis, Chest, vol.127, issue.3, pp.942-951, 2005.
DOI : 10.1378/chest.127.3.942

. Claessens, Critical Care, p.89, 2013.

J. Dhainaut, Y. Claessens, J. Janes, and D. Nelson, Underlying Disorders and Their Impact on the Host Response to Infection, Clinical Infectious Diseases, vol.41, issue.Supplement 7, pp.481-489, 2005.
DOI : 10.1086/432001

E. Nuesch, S. Trelle, S. Reichenbach, A. Rutjes, B. Tschannen et al., The effects of excluding patients from analysis in randomized controlled trials: meta-epidemiological study, BMJ, vol.339, p.32344, 2009.

A. Herrera, S. Snipes, D. King, I. Torres-vigil, D. Goldberg et al., Disparate Inclusion of Older Adults in Clinical Trials: Priorities and Opportunities for Policy and Practice Change, American Journal of Public Health, vol.100, issue.S1, pp.105-112, 2010.
DOI : 10.2105/AJPH.2009.162982

M. Fortin, J. Dionne, G. Pinho, J. Gignac, J. Almirall et al., Randomized Controlled Trials: Do They Have External Validity for Patients With Multiple Comorbidities?, The Annals of Family Medicine, vol.4, issue.2, pp.104-108, 2006.
DOI : 10.1370/afm.516

H. Van-spall, A. Toren, A. Kiss, and R. Fowler, Eligibility Criteria of Randomized Controlled Trials Published in High-Impact General Medical Journals, JAMA, vol.297, issue.11, pp.1233-1240, 2007.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.297.11.1233

C. Goulenok, M. Monchi, J. Chiche, J. Mira, J. Dhainaut et al., Influence of Overweight on ICU Mortality, Chest, vol.125, issue.4, pp.1441-1445, 2004.
DOI : 10.1378/chest.125.4.1441

V. Vachharajani and S. Vital, Obesity and Sepsis, Journal of Intensive Care Medicine, vol.21, issue.5, pp.287-295, 2006.
DOI : 10.1177/0885066606290670

N. Shapiro, R. Wolfe, R. Moore, E. Smith, E. Burdick et al., Mortality in Emergency Department Sepsis (MEDS) score: A prospectively derived and validated clinical prediction rule*, Critical Care Medicine, vol.31, issue.3, pp.670-675, 2003.
DOI : 10.1097/01.CCM.0000054867.01688.D1

M. Fine, T. Auble, D. Yealy, B. Hanusa, L. Wiessfeld et al., A Prediction Rule to Identify Low-Risk Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.336, issue.4, pp.243-250, 1997.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJM199701233360402

G. Bugeja, A. Kumar, and A. Banerjee, Exclusion of elderly people from clinical research: a descriptive study of published reports, BMJ, vol.315, issue.7115, p.1059, 1997.
DOI : 10.1136/bmj.315.7115.1059

M. Mcmurdo, M. Witham, and N. Gillespie, Including older people in clinical research, BMJ, vol.331, issue.7524, pp.1036-1037, 2005.
DOI : 10.1136/bmj.331.7524.1036

A. Herrera, S. Snipes, D. King, I. Torres-vigil, D. Goldberg et al., Disparate Inclusion of Older Adults in Clinical Trials: Priorities and Opportunities for Policy and Practice Change, American Journal of Public Health, vol.100, issue.S1, pp.105-112, 2010.
DOI : 10.2105/AJPH.2009.162982

D. Angus, W. Linde-zwirble, J. Lidicker, G. Clermont, J. Carcillo et al., Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: Analysis of incidence, outcome, and associated costs of care, Critical Care Medicine, vol.29, issue.7, pp.1303-1310, 2001.
DOI : 10.1097/00003246-200107000-00002

R. Franca, L. Launois, R. , L. Lay, K. Aegerter et al., Cost-effectiveness of drotrecogin alfa (activated) in the treatment of severe sepsis with multiple organ failure, International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care, vol.9, issue.01, pp.101-108, 2006.
DOI : 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1050(199705)6:3<217::AID-HEC267>3.3.CO;2-N

D. Annane, E. Bellissant, and J. Cavaillon, Septic shock, The Lancet, vol.365, issue.9453, pp.63-78, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)17667-8

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01414960

R. Comis, J. Miller, C. Aldige, L. Krebs, and E. Stoval, Public Attitudes Toward Participation in Cancer Clinical Trials, Journal of Clinical Oncology, vol.21, issue.5, pp.830-835, 2003.
DOI : 10.1200/JCO.2003.02.105

P. Corrie, Rate limiting factors in recruitment of patients to clinical trials in cancer research: descriptive study, BMJ, vol.327, issue.7410, pp.320-321, 2003.
DOI : 10.1136/bmj.327.7410.320