S. Figure, Developing Stellate Axons Showed Aberrant Arborization in CHL1 À/À Mice (A) At P16, stellate cells in CHL1 À/À mice extended their axons but failed to associate with the GFAP-labeled BG fibers (arrows)

S. Figure, Normal Basket Axon Arbor and Pinceau Synapses in CHL1 À/À Mice (A) At single?basket cell resolution from PV-GFP (B20 mice), pinceau synapses (arrows) developed normally, CHL1 À/À mice and expressed GAD65

. Bt, P. Pc, and . Cell, Scale bars indicate 20 lm. Found at doi:10

M. Hausser, N. Spruston, and G. Stuart, Diversity and Dynamics of Dendritic Signaling, Science, vol.290, issue.5492, pp.739-744, 2000.
DOI : 10.1126/science.290.5492.739

M. Larkum, J. Zhu, and B. Sakmann, A new cellular mechanism for coupling inputs arriving at different cortical layers, Nature, vol.333, issue.6725, pp.338-341, 1999.
DOI : 10.1038/18686

M. Larkum, J. Zhu, and B. Sakmann, Dendritic mechanisms underlying the coupling of the dendritic with the axonal action potential initiation zone of adult rat layer 5 pyramidal neurons, The Journal of Physiology, vol.21, issue.2, pp.447-466, 2001.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1469-7793.2001.0447a.x

A. Schaefer, M. Larkum, B. Sakmann, and A. Roth, Coincidence Detection in Pyramidal Neurons Is Tuned by Their Dendritic Branching Pattern, Journal of Neurophysiology, vol.89, issue.6, pp.3143-3154, 2003.
DOI : 10.1152/jn.00046.2003

M. London and M. Hausser, DENDRITIC COMPUTATION, Annual Review of Neuroscience, vol.28, issue.1, pp.503-532, 2005.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.neuro.28.061604.135703

H. Lai and J. Ly, The distribution and targeting of neuronal voltage-gated ion channels, Nature Reviews Neuroscience, vol.525, issue.7, pp.548-562, 2006.
DOI : 10.1038/nrn1938

J. Trimmer and K. Rhodes, Localization of Voltage-Gated Ion Channels IN Mammalian Brain, Annual Review of Physiology, vol.66, issue.1, pp.477-519, 2004.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.physiol.66.032102.113328

T. Freund and G. Buzsaki, Interneurons of the hippocampus, Hippocampus, vol.495, issue.1, pp.347-470, 1996.
DOI : 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1063(1996)6:4<347::AID-HIPO1>3.0.CO;2-I

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00484796

P. Somogyi, T. G. Lujan, R. Buhl, and E. , Salient features of synaptic organisation in the cerebral cortex1Published on the World Wide Web on 3 March 1998.1, Brain Research Reviews, vol.26, issue.2-3, pp.113-135, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0165-0173(97)00061-1

P. Somogyi and T. Klausberger, Defined types of cortical interneurone structure space and spike timing in the hippocampus, The Journal of Physiology, vol.441, issue.1, pp.9-26, 2005.
DOI : 10.1113/jphysiol.2004.078915

S. Palay and V. Chan-palay, Cerebellar cortex: cytology and organization, 1974.
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-642-65581-4

Z. Huang, Subcellular organization of GABAergic synapses: role of ankyrins and L1 cell adhesion molecules, Nature Neuroscience, vol.26, issue.2, pp.163-166, 2006.
DOI : 10.1038/nn1638

F. Ango, G. Di-cristo, H. Higashiyama, V. Bennett, and P. Wu, Ankyrin-Based Subcellular Gradient of Neurofascin, an Immunoglobulin Family Protein, Directs GABAergic Innervation at Purkinje Axon Initial Segment, Cell, vol.119, issue.2, pp.257-272, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cell.2004.10.004

J. Altman and S. Bayer, Development of the cerebellar system: in relation to its evolution, structure, and functions, Boca Raton, vol.783, 1997.

A. De-blas, Monoclonal antibodies to specific astroglial and neuronal antigens reveal the cytoarchitecture of the Bergmann glia fibers in the cerebellum, J Neurosci, vol.4, pp.265-273, 1984.

J. Grosche, H. Kettenmann, and A. Reichenbach, Bergmann glial cells form distinct morphological structures to interact with cerebellar neurons, Journal of Neuroscience Research, vol.23, issue.2, pp.138-149, 2002.
DOI : 10.1002/jnr.10197

J. Grosche, V. Matyash, T. Moller, A. Verkhratsky, and A. Reichenbach, Microdomains for neuron-glia interaction: parallel fiber signaling to Bergmann glial cells, Nat Neurosci, vol.2, pp.139-143, 1999.

T. Muller, J. Fritschy, J. Grosche, G. Pratt, and H. Mohler, Developmental regulation of voltage-gated Kþ channel and GABAA receptor expression in Bergmann glial cells, J Neurosci, vol.14, pp.2503-2514, 1994.

P. Rakic, Neuron-glia relationship during granule cell migration in developing cerebellar cortex. A Golgi and electonmicroscopic study in Macacus rhesus, The Journal of Comparative Neurology, vol.8, issue.3, pp.283-312, 1971.
DOI : 10.1002/cne.901410303

T. Brummendorf, S. Kenwrick, and F. Rathjen, Neural cell recognition molecule L1: from cell biology to human hereditary brain malformations, Current Opinion in Neurobiology, vol.8, issue.1, pp.87-97, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0959-4388(98)80012-3

L. Zhang and J. Goldman, Generation of Cerebellar Interneurons from Dividing Progenitors in White Matter, Neuron, vol.16, issue.1, pp.47-54, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80022-7

H. Yamanaka, Y. Yanagawa, and K. Obata, Development of stellate and basket cells and their apoptosis in mouse cerebellar cortex, Neuroscience Research, vol.50, issue.1, pp.13-22, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neures.2004.06.008

D. Cerro, M. Swarz, and J. , Prenatal development of Bergmann glial fibres in rodent cerebellum, Journal of Neurocytology, vol.167, issue.6, pp.669-676, 1976.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01181580

D. Dahl and A. Bignami, Immunochemical and immunofluorescence studies of the glial fibrillary acidic protein in vertebrates, Brain Research, vol.61, pp.279-293, 1973.
DOI : 10.1016/0006-8993(73)90533-7

M. Eiraku, A. Tohgo, K. Ono, M. Kaneko, and K. Fujishima, DNER acts as a neuron-specific Notch ligand during Bergmann glial development, Nature Neuroscience, vol.292, issue.7, pp.873-880, 2005.
DOI : 10.1038/nn1492

K. Yamada, M. Fukaya, T. Shibata, H. Kurihara, and K. Tanaka, Dynamic transformation of Bergmann glial fibers proceeds in correlation with dendritic outgrowth and synapse formation of cerebellar Purkinje cells, The Journal of Comparative Neurology, vol.194, issue.1, pp.106-120, 2000.
DOI : 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(20000228)418:1<106::AID-CNE8>3.0.CO;2-N

R. Suzuki, J. Watanabe, S. Arata, H. Funahashi, and S. Kikuyama, A transgenic mouse model for the detailed morphological study of astrocytes, Neuroscience Research, vol.47, issue.4, pp.451-454, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neures.2003.08.008

T. Lordkipanidze and A. Dunaevsky, Purkinje cell dendrites grow in alignment with Bergmann glia, Glia, vol.187, issue.3, pp.229-234, 2005.
DOI : 10.1002/glia.20200

H. Jin, H. Wu, G. Osterhaus, J. Wei, and K. Davis, Demonstration of functional coupling between ??-aminobutyric acid (GABA) synthesis and vesicular GABA transport into synaptic vesicles, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.100, issue.7, pp.4293-4298, 2003.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.0730698100

K. Greif, M. Erlander, N. Tillakaratne, and A. Tobin, Postnatal expression of glutamate decarboxylases in developing rat cerebellum, Neurochemical Research, vol.68, issue.3, pp.235-242, 1991.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00966086

J. Holm, R. Hillenbrand, V. Steuber, U. Bartsch, and M. Moos, Structural Features of a Close Homologue of L1 (CHL1)in the Mouse: A New Member of the L1 Family of Neural Recognition Molecules, European Journal of Neuroscience, vol.13, issue.8, pp.1613-1629, 1996.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1460-9568.1996.tb01306.x

H. Hioki, F. Fujiyama, K. Taki, R. Tomioka, and T. Furuta, Differential distribution of vesicular glutamate transporters in the rat cerebellar cortex, Neuroscience, vol.117, issue.1, pp.1-6, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0306-4522(02)00943-0

G. Demyanenko, M. Schachner, A. E. Schmid, R. Feng, and G. , Close Homolog of L1 Modulates Area-Specific Neuronal Positioning and Dendrite Orientation in the Cerebral Cortex, Neuron, vol.44, issue.3, pp.423-437, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuron.2004.10.016

L. Zhuo, M. Theis, I. Alvarez-maya, M. Brenner, and K. Willecke, hGFAP-cre transgenic mice for manipulation of glial and neuronal function in vivo, genesis, vol.12, issue.2, pp.85-94, 2001.
DOI : 10.1002/gene.10008

J. Barski, K. Dethleffsen, and M. Meyer, Cre recombinase expression in cerebellar Purkinje cells, genesis, vol.51, issue.3-4, pp.93-98, 2000.
DOI : 10.1002/1526-968X(200011/12)28:3/4<93::AID-GENE10>3.0.CO;2-W

E. Mugnaini and P. Forstronen, Ultrastructural studies on the cerebellar histogenesis. I. Differentiation of granule cells and development of Glomeeruli in the chick embryo, Zeitschrift f???r Zellforschung und Mikroskopische Anatomie, vol.114, issue.1, pp.115-143, 1967.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00336702

R. Riquelme, C. Miralles, D. Blas, and A. , Bergmann glia GABA(A) receptors concentrate on the glial processes that wrap inhibitory synapses, J Neurosci, vol.22, pp.10720-10730, 2002.

C. Chotard and I. Salecker, Neurons and glia: team players in axon guidance, Trends in Neurosciences, vol.27, issue.11, pp.655-661, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tins.2004.09.001

M. Freeman, Sculpting the nervous system: glial control of neuronal development, Current Opinion in Neurobiology, vol.16, issue.1, pp.119-125, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.conb.2005.12.004

F. Charron, E. Stein, J. Jeong, A. Mcmahon, and M. Tessier-lavigne, The Morphogen Sonic Hedgehog Is an Axonal Chemoattractant that Collaborates with Netrin-1 in Midline Axon Guidance, Cell, vol.113, issue.1, pp.11-23, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00199-5

P. Kolodziej, L. Timpe, K. Mitchell, S. Fried, and C. Goodman, frazzled Encodes a Drosophila Member of the DCC Immunoglobulin Subfamily and Is Required for CNS and Motor Axon Guidance, Cell, vol.87, issue.2, pp.197-204, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81338-0

T. Serafini, S. Colamarino, E. Leonardo, H. Wang, and R. Beddington, Netrin-1 Is Required for Commissural Axon Guidance in the Developing Vertebrate Nervous System, Cell, vol.87, issue.6, pp.1001-1014, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81795-X

T. Kidd, K. Bland, and C. Goodman, Slit Is the Midline Repellent for the Robo Receptor in Drosophila, Cell, vol.96, issue.6, pp.785-794, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80589-9

S. Rajagopalan, E. Nicolas, V. Vivancos, J. Berger, and B. Dickson, Crossing the Midline, Neuron, vol.28, issue.3, pp.767-777, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0896-6273(00)00152-5

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00122217

Y. Zou, E. Stoeckli, H. Chen, and M. Tessier-lavigne, Squeezing Axons Out of the Gray Matter, Cell, vol.102, issue.3, pp.363-375, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)00041-6

B. Poeck, S. Fischer, D. Gunning, S. Zipursky, and I. Salecker, Glial Cells Mediate Target Layer Selection of Retinal Axons in the Developing Visual System of Drosophila, Neuron, vol.29, issue.1, pp.99-113, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0896-6273(01)00183-0

V. Auld, Glia as mediators of growth cone guidance: studies from insect nervous systems, Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences CMLS, vol.55, issue.11, pp.1377-1385, 1999.
DOI : 10.1007/s000180050378

D. Colon-ramos, M. Margeta, and K. Shen, Glia Promote Local Synaptogenesis Through UNC-6 (Netrin) Signaling in C. elegans, Science, vol.318, issue.5847, pp.103-106, 2007.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1143762

A. Puche and M. Shipley, Radial glia development in the mouse olfactory bulb, The Journal of Comparative Neurology, vol.26, issue.1, pp.1-12, 2001.
DOI : 10.1002/cne.1160

A. Bulfone, F. Wang, R. Hevner, S. Anderson, and T. Cutforth, An Olfactory Sensory Map Develops in the Absence of Normal Projection Neurons or GABAergic Interneurons, Neuron, vol.21, issue.6, pp.1273-1282, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80647-9

M. Haber, L. Zhou, and K. Murai, Cooperative Astrocyte and Dendritic Spine Dynamics at Hippocampal Excitatory Synapses, Journal of Neuroscience, vol.26, issue.35, pp.8881-8891, 2006.
DOI : 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1302-06.2006

H. Nishida and S. Okabe, Direct Astrocytic Contacts Regulate Local Maturation of Dendritic Spines, Journal of Neuroscience, vol.27, issue.2, pp.331-340, 2007.
DOI : 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4466-06.2007

B. Rolf, D. Lang, R. Hillenbrand, M. Richter, and M. Schachner, Altered expression of CHL1 by glial cells in response to optic nerve injury and intravitreal application of fibroblast growth factor-2, Journal of Neuroscience Research, vol.16, issue.6, pp.835-843, 2003.
DOI : 10.1002/jnr.10533

R. Hillenbrand, M. Molthagen, D. Montag, and M. Schachner, The close homologue of the neural adhesion molecule L1 (CHL1): patterns of expression and promotion of neurite outgrowth by heterophilic interactions, European Journal of Neuroscience, vol.204, issue.3, pp.813-826, 1999.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1460-9568.1999.00496.x

I. Jakovcevski, J. Wu, N. Karl, I. Leshchyns-'ka, and V. Sytnyk, Glial Scar Expression of CHL1, the Close Homolog of the Adhesion Molecule L1, Limits Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury, Journal of Neuroscience, vol.27, issue.27, pp.7222-7233, 2007.
DOI : 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0739-07.2007

M. Montag-sallaz, M. Schachner, and D. Montag, Misguided Axonal Projections, Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule 180 mRNA Upregulation, and Altered Behavior in Mice Deficient for the Close Homolog of L1, Molecular and Cellular Biology, vol.22, issue.22, pp.7967-7981, 2002.
DOI : 10.1128/MCB.22.22.7967-7981.2002

A. Nikonenko, M. Sun, E. Lepsveridze, I. Apostolova, and I. Petrova, Enhanced perisomatic inhibition and impaired long-term potentiation in the CA1 region of juvenile CHL1-deficient mice, European Journal of Neuroscience, vol.16, issue.7, pp.1839-1852, 2006.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2006.04710.x

I. Leshchyns-'ka, V. Sytnyk, M. Richter, A. Andreyeva, and D. Puchkov, The Adhesion Molecule CHL1 Regulates Uncoating of Clathrin-Coated Synaptic Vesicles, Neuron, vol.52, issue.6, pp.1011-1025, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuron.2006.10.020

A. Wright, G. Demyanenko, A. Powell, M. Schachner, and L. Enriquez-barreto, Close Homolog of L1 and Neuropilin 1 Mediate Guidance of Thalamocortical Axons at the Ventral Telencephalon, Journal of Neuroscience, vol.27, issue.50, pp.13667-13679, 2007.
DOI : 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2888-07.2007

M. Pratte, G. Rougon, M. Schachner, and M. Jamon, Mice deficient for the close homologue of the neural adhesion cell L1 (CHL1) display alterations in emotional reactivity and motor coordination, Behavioural Brain Research, vol.147, issue.1-2, pp.31-39, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0166-4328(03)00114-1

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00311266

J. Huard, C. Forster, M. Carter, P. Sicinski, and M. Ross, Cerebellar histogenesis is disturbed in mice lacking cyclin D2, Development, vol.126, pp.1927-1935, 1999.

X. Yang, P. Model, and N. Heintz, Homologous recombination based modification in Escherichia coli and germline transmission in transgenic mice of a bacterial artificial chromosome, Nat Biotechnol, vol.9, pp.859-865, 1997.

N. Gounko, D. Kalicharan, V. Rybakin, A. Gramsbergen, and J. Van-der-want, The dynamic developmental localization of the full-length corticotropin-releasing factor receptor type???2 in rat cerebellum, European Journal of Neuroscience, vol.378, issue.12, pp.3217-3224, 2006.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2006.04869.x