M. Ballmaier, A. W. Toga, R. E. Blanton, E. R. Sowell, H. Lavretsky et al., Anterior Cingulate, Gyrus Rectus, and Orbitofrontal Abnormalities in Elderly Depressed Patients: An MRI-Based Parcellation of the Prefrontal Cortex, American Journal of Psychiatry, vol.161, issue.1, pp.99-108, 2004.
DOI : 10.1176/appi.ajp.161.1.99

L. R. Baxter, . Jr, J. M. Schwartz, M. E. Phelps, J. C. Mazziotta et al., Reduction of Prefrontal Cortex Glucose Metabolism Common to Three Types of Depression, Archives of General Psychiatry, vol.46, issue.3, pp.243-250, 1989.
DOI : 10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810030049007

K. N. Botteron, M. E. Raichle, W. C. Drevets, A. C. Heath, and R. D. Todd, Volumetric reduction in left subgenual prefrontal cortex in early onset depression, Biological Psychiatry, vol.51, issue.4, pp.342-344, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0006-3223(01)01280-X

A. L. Brody, M. W. Barsom, R. G. Bota, and S. Saxena, Prefrontal-subcortical and limbic circuit mediation of major depressive disorder, Seminars in Clinical Neuropsychiatry, vol.6, issue.2, pp.102-112, 2001.
DOI : 10.1053/scnp.2001.21837

A. L. Brody, S. Saxena, P. Stoessel, L. A. Gillies, L. A. Fairbanks et al., Regional Brain Metabolic Changes in Patients With Major Depression Treated With Either Paroxetine or Interpersonal Therapy, Archives of General Psychiatry, vol.58, issue.7, pp.631-640, 2001.
DOI : 10.1001/archpsyc.58.7.631

M. S. Buchsbaum, J. Wu, B. V. Siegel, E. Hackett, M. Trenary et al., Effect of sertraline on regional metabolic rate in patients with affective disorder, Biological Psychiatry, vol.41, issue.1, pp.15-22, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0006-3223(96)00097-2

C. P. Clark, G. G. Brown, L. Frank, L. Thomas, A. N. Sutherland et al., Improved anatomic delineation of the antidepressant response to partial sleep deprivation in medial frontal cortex using perfusion-weighted functional MRI, Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, vol.146, issue.3, pp.213-222, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2005.12.008

C. P. Clark, L. R. Frank, and G. G. Brown, Sleep Deprivation, EEG, and Functional MRI in Depression Preliminary Results, Neuropsychopharmacology, vol.25, issue.5, pp.79-84, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0893-133X(01)00324-4

J. Davies, K. R. Lloyd, I. K. Jones, A. Barnes, and L. S. Pilowsky, Changes in Regional Cerebral Blood Flow With Venlafaxine in the Treatment of Major Depression, American Journal of Psychiatry, vol.160, issue.2, pp.374-376, 2003.
DOI : 10.1176/appi.ajp.160.2.374

J. A. Detre and D. C. Alsop, Perfusion magnetic resonance imaging with continuous arterial spin labeling: methods and clinical applications in the central nervous system, European Journal of Radiology, vol.30, issue.2, pp.115-124, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0720-048X(99)00050-9

P. M. Doraiswamy, J. Macfall, K. R. Krishnan, C. O-'connor, X. Wan et al., Magnetic Resonance Assessment of Cerebral Perfusion in Depressed Cardiac Patients: Preliminary Findings, American Journal of Psychiatry, vol.156, issue.10, pp.1641-1643, 1999.
DOI : 10.1176/ajp.156.10.1641

D. D. Dougherty, A. P. Weiss, G. R. Cosgrove, N. M. Alpert, E. H. Cassem et al., Cerebral metabolic correlates as potential predictors of response to anterior cingulotomy for treatment of major depression, Journal of Neurosurgery, vol.99, issue.6, pp.1010-1017, 2003.
DOI : 10.3171/jns.2003.99.6.1010

W. C. Drevets, Neuroimaging studies of mood disorders, Biological Psychiatry, vol.48, issue.8, pp.813-829, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0006-3223(00)01020-9

W. C. Drevets, Neuroimaging and neuropathological studies of depression: implications for the cognitive-emotional features of mood disorders, Current Opinion in Neurobiology, vol.11, issue.2, pp.240-249, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0959-4388(00)00203-8

W. C. Drevets, W. Bogers, and M. E. Raichle, Functional anatomical correlates of antidepressant drug treatment assessed using PET measures of regional glucose metabolism, European Neuropsychopharmacology, vol.12, issue.6, pp.527-544, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0924-977X(02)00102-5

W. C. Drevets, J. L. Price, J. R. Simpson, . Jr, R. D. Todd et al., Subgenual prefrontal cortex abnormalities in mood disorders, Nature, vol.386, issue.6627, pp.824-827, 1997.
DOI : 10.1038/386824a0

W. C. Drevets, T. O. Videen, J. L. Price, S. H. Preskorn, S. T. Carmichael et al., A functional anatomical study of unipolar depression, Journal of Neuroscience, vol.12, pp.3628-3641, 1992.

A. T. Du, G. H. Jahng, S. Hayasaka, J. H. Kramer, H. J. Rosen et al., Hypoperfusion in frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer disease by arterial spin labeling MRI, Neurology, vol.67, issue.7, pp.1215-1220, 2006.
DOI : 10.1212/01.wnl.0000238163.71349.78

R. R. Edelman and Q. Chen, EPISTAR MRI: Multislice mapping of cerebral blood flow, Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, vol.10, issue.6, pp.800-805, 1998.
DOI : 10.1002/mrm.1910400603

M. Fava, Diagnosis and definition of treatment-resistant depression, Biological Psychiatry, vol.53, issue.8, pp.649-659, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0006-3223(03)00231-2

C. M. Feng, S. Narayana, J. L. Lancaster, P. A. Jerabek, T. L. Arnow et al., CBF changes during brain activation: fMRI vs. PET, CBF changes during brain activation: fMRI vs. PET, pp.443-446, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.01.017

M. S. George, T. A. Ketter, P. I. Parekh, N. Rosinsky, H. A. Ring et al., Blunted left cingulate activation in mood disorder subjects during a response interference task (the Stroop), Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, vol.9, pp.55-63, 1997.

X. Golay and E. T. Petersen, Arterial Spin Labeling: Benefits and Pitfalls of High Magnetic Field, Neuroimaging Clinics of North America, vol.16, issue.2, pp.259-268, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.nic.2006.02.003

K. Goldapple, Z. Segal, C. Garson, M. Lau, P. Bieling et al., Modulation of Cortical-Limbic Pathways in Major Depression, Archives of General Psychiatry, vol.61, issue.1, pp.34-41, 2004.
DOI : 10.1001/archpsyc.61.1.34

M. D. Greicius, B. H. Flores, V. Menon, G. H. Glover, H. B. Solvason et al., Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Major Depression: Abnormally Increased Contributions from Subgenual Cingulate Cortex and Thalamus, Biological Psychiatry, vol.62, issue.5, pp.429-437, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.09.020

W. Guy, ECDEU Assessment Manual for Psychopharmacology, revised National Institute of Mental Health, pp.218-222, 1976.

M. Hamilton, A RATING SCALE FOR DEPRESSION, Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, vol.23, issue.1, pp.56-62, 1960.
DOI : 10.1136/jnnp.23.1.56

Y. Hirayasu, M. E. Shenton, D. F. Salisbury, J. S. Kwon, C. G. Wible et al., Subgenual cingulate cortex volume in first-episode psychosis, American Journal of Psychiatry, vol.156, pp.1091-1093, 1999.

M. Liotti, H. S. Mayberg, S. Mcginnis, S. L. Brannan, and P. Jerabek, Unmasking Disease-Specific Cerebral Blood Flow Abnormalities: Mood Challenge in Patients With Remitted Unipolar Depression, American Journal of Psychiatry, vol.159, issue.11, pp.1830-1840, 2002.
DOI : 10.1176/appi.ajp.159.11.1830

J. M. Lupo, M. C. Lee, E. T. Han, S. Cha, S. M. Chang et al., Feasibility of dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion MR imaging at 3T using a standard quadrature head coil and eight-channel phased-array coil with and without SENSE reconstruction, Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, vol.43, issue.3, pp.520-529, 2006.
DOI : 10.1002/jmri.20673

C. Maffei, A. Fossati, I. Agostoni, A. Barraco, M. Bagnato et al., Interrater Reliability and Internal Consistency of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Personality Disorders (SCID-II), Version 2.0, Journal of Personality Disorders, vol.11, issue.3, pp.279-284, 1997.
DOI : 10.1521/pedi.1997.11.3.279

A. L. Malizia, The frontal lobes and neurosurgery for psychiatric disorders, Journal of Psychopharmacology, vol.118, issue.44, pp.179-187, 1997.
DOI : 10.1177/026988119701100211

S. Mattis, Mental status examination for organic mental syndrome in the elderly patient, Geriatric Psychiatry, pp.77-121, 1976.

H. S. Mayberg, S. K. Brannan, R. K. Mahurin, P. A. Jerabek, J. S. Brickman et al., Cingulate function in depression, NeuroReport, vol.8, issue.4, pp.1057-1061, 1997.
DOI : 10.1097/00001756-199703030-00048

H. S. Mayberg, S. K. Brannan, J. L. Tekell, J. A. Silva, R. K. Mahurin et al., Regional metabolic effects of fluoxetine in major depression: serial changes and relationship to clinical response, Biological Psychiatry, vol.48, issue.8, pp.830-843, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0006-3223(00)01036-2

H. S. Mayberg, M. Liotti, S. K. Brannan, S. Mcginnis, R. K. Mahurin et al., Reciprocal limbiccortical function and negative mood: converging PET findings in depression and normal sadness, American Journal of Psychiatry, vol.156, pp.675-682, 1999.

H. S. Mayberg, A. M. Lozano, V. Voon, H. E. Mcneely, D. Seminowicz et al., Deep Brain Stimulation for Treatment-Resistant Depression, Neuron, vol.45, issue.5, pp.651-660, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuron.2005.02.014

F. M. Mottaghy, C. E. Keller, M. Gangitano, J. Ly, M. Thall et al., Correlation of cerebral blood flow and treatment effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in depressed patients, Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, vol.115, issue.1-2, pp.1-14, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0925-4927(02)00032-X

M. S. Nobler, M. A. Oquendo, L. S. Kegeles, K. M. Malone, C. C. Campbell et al., Decreased Regional Brain Metabolism After ECT, American Journal of Psychiatry, vol.158, issue.2, pp.305-308, 2001.
DOI : 10.1176/appi.ajp.158.2.305

J. I. Nurnberger, . Jr, M. C. Blehar, C. A. Kaufmann, C. York-cooler et al., Diagnostic Interview for Genetic Studies, Archives of General Psychiatry, vol.51, issue.11, pp.849-859, 1994.
DOI : 10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950110009002

K. P. Pruessmann, Parallel Imaging at High Field Strength, Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging, vol.15, issue.4, pp.237-244, 2004.
DOI : 10.1097/01.rmr.0000139297.66742.4e

D. A. Seminowicz, H. S. Mayberg, A. R. Mcintosh, K. Goldapple, S. Kennedy et al., Limbic???frontal circuitry in major depression: a path modeling metanalysis, NeuroImage, vol.22, issue.1, pp.409-418, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.01.015

S. Tekin and J. L. Cummings, Frontal???subcortical neuronal circuits and clinical neuropsychiatry, Journal of Psychosomatic Research, vol.53, issue.2, pp.647-654, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-3999(02)00428-2

M. E. Thase, The Need for Clinically Relevant Research on Treatment-Resistant Depression, The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, vol.62, issue.4, pp.221-224, 2001.
DOI : 10.4088/JCP.v62n0401

M. E. Thase, E. S. Friedman, and R. H. Howland, Management of treatment-resistant depression: psychotherapeutic perspectives, J Clin Psychiatry, vol.62, pp.18-24, 2001.

M. E. Thase and A. J. Rush, When at first you don't succeed: sequential strategies for antidepressant nonresponders, J Clin Psychiatry, vol.58, pp.23-29, 1997.

J. Wang, Y. Zhang, R. L. Wolf, A. C. Roc, D. C. Alsop et al., Amplitude-modulated Continuous Arterial Spin-labeling 3.0-T Perfusion MR Imaging with a Single Coil: Feasibility Study, Radiology, vol.235, issue.1, pp.218-228, 2005.
DOI : 10.1148/radiol.2351031663

C. Warmuth, M. Gunther, and C. Zimmer, Quantification of Blood Flow in Brain Tumors: Comparison of Arterial Spin Labeling and Dynamic Susceptibility-weighted Contrast-enhanced MR Imaging, Radiology, vol.228, issue.2, pp.523-532, 2003.
DOI : 10.1148/radiol.2282020409

M. Wintermark, M. Sesay, E. Barbier, K. Borbely, W. P. Dillon et al., Comparative overview of brain perfusion imaging techniques, Journal of Neuroradiology, vol.32, issue.5, pp.83-99, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/S0150-9861(05)83159-1

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00410400

R. L. Wolf, D. C. Alsop, M. L. Mcgarvey, J. A. Maldjian, J. Wang et al., Susceptibility Contrast and Arterial Spin Labeled Perfusion MRI in Cerebrovascular Disease, Journal of Neuroimaging, vol.34, issue.1, pp.17-27, 2003.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1552-6569.2003.tb00152.x

F. Q. Ye, K. F. Berman, T. Ellmore, G. Esposito, J. D. Van-horn et al., H215O PET validation of steady-state arterial spin tagging cerebral blood flow measurements in humans, Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, vol.6, issue.3, pp.450-456, 2000.
DOI : 10.1002/1522-2594(200009)44:3<450::AID-MRM16>3.0.CO;2-0