R. H. Adler, Engel's biopsychosocial model is still relevant today, Journal of Psychosomatic Research, vol.67, issue.6, pp.607-611, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2009.08.008

N. R. Ahern, E. M. Kiehl, M. L. Sole, and J. Byers, A Review of Instruments Measuring Resilience, Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing, vol.1, issue.2, pp.103-125, 2006.
DOI : 10.3928/0098-9134-20031201-09

S. Akbarian and H. Huangm, Epigenetic Regulation in Human Brain???Focus on Histone Lysine Methylation, Biological Psychiatry, vol.65, issue.3, pp.198-203, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.08.015

T. N. Alim, A. Feder, R. E. Graves, Y. Wang, J. Weaver et al., Trauma, Resilience, and Recovery in a High-Risk African-American Population, American Journal of Psychiatry, vol.165, issue.12, pp.1566-1575, 2008.
DOI : 10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.07121939

J. E. Alpert, D. Mischoulon, A. A. Nierenberg, and M. Fava, Nutrition and depression: focus on folate, Nutrition, vol.16, issue.7-8, pp.544-581, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0899-9007(00)00327-0

K. J. Aroian, N. Schappler-morris, S. Neary, A. Spitzer, and T. V. Tran, Psychometric evaluation of the Russian Language version of the Resilience Scale, Journal of Nursing Measurement, vol.5, pp.151-164, 1997.

W. A. Arrindell, A. Steptoe, and J. Wardle, Higher levels of state depression in masculine than in feminine nations, Behaviour Research and Therapy, vol.41, issue.7, pp.809-817, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0005-7967(02)00185-7

M. J. Bakermans-kranenburg and M. H. Van-ijzendoorn, Research Review: Genetic vulnerability or differential susceptibility in child development: the case of attachment, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, vol.60, issue.12, pp.1160-1173, 2007.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01801.x

M. J. Bakermans-kranenburg and M. H. Van-ijzendoorn, ) genes associated with observed parenting, Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, vol.3, issue.2, pp.128-134, 2008.
DOI : 10.1093/scan/nsn004

G. Baldwin and G. D. Shean, A Taxometric Study of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs, vol.132, issue.2, pp.101-128, 2006.
DOI : 10.3200/MONO.132.2.101-128

P. T. Bartone, R. Ursano, K. Wright, and L. Ingraham, The Impact of a Military Air Disaster on The Health of Assistance Workers, The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, vol.177, issue.6, pp.317-328, 1989.
DOI : 10.1097/00005053-198906000-00001

S. R. Beach and N. Amir, Is depression taxonic, dimensional, or both?, Journal of Abnormal Psychology, vol.112, issue.2, pp.228-236, 2003.
DOI : 10.1037/0021-843X.112.2.228

S. R. Beach and N. Amir, Self-Reported Depression Is Taxonic, Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, vol.18, issue.3, pp.171-178, 2006.
DOI : 10.1007/s10862-005-9007-4

E. Becoña, [Resilience and drug consumption: A review], Adicciones, vol.19, pp.89-101, 2007.

J. Belsky, C. Jonassaint, M. Pluess, M. Stanton, B. Brummett et al., Vulnerability genes or plasticity genes? Molecular Psychiatry

A. J. Bennett, Gene environment interplay: Nonhuman primate models in the study of resilience and vulnerability, Developmental Psychobiology, vol.73, issue.1, pp.48-59, 2008.
DOI : 10.1002/dev.20263

J. Block and A. M. Kremen, IQ and ego-resiliency: Conceptual and empirical connections and separateness., Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol.70, issue.2, pp.349-361, 1996.
DOI : 10.1037/0022-3514.70.2.349

G. A. Bonanno, Loss, Trauma, and Human Resilience: Have We Underestimated the Human Capacity to Thrive After Extremely Aversive Events?, American Psychologist, vol.59, issue.1, pp.20-28, 2004.
DOI : 10.1037/0003-066X.59.1.20

G. A. Bonanno, C. B. Wortman, D. R. Lehman, R. G. Tweed, M. Haring et al., Resilience to loss and chronic grief: A prospective study from preloss to 18-months postloss., Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol.83, issue.5, pp.1150-1164, 2002.
DOI : 10.1037/0022-3514.83.5.1150

F. Borrell-carrió, A. L. Suchman, and R. M. Epstein, The Biopsychosocial Model 25 Years Later: Principles, Practice, and Scientific Inquiry, The Annals of Family Medicine, vol.2, issue.6, pp.576-582, 2004.
DOI : 10.1370/afm.245

D. J. Bowen, A. A. Morasca, and H. Meischke, Measures and Correlates of Resilience, Women & Health, vol.7, issue.2, pp.65-76, 2003.
DOI : 10.1097/00002820-199312000-00003

G. W. Brown and T. O. Harris, Depression and the serotonin transporter 5-HTTLPR polymorphism: A review and a hypothesis concerning gene???environment interaction, Journal of Affective Disorders, vol.111, issue.1, pp.1-12, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jad.2008.04.009

T. S. Brugha and D. Cragg, The List of Threatening Experiences: the reliability and validity of a brief life events questionnaire, Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, vol.20, issue.1, pp.77-81, 1990.
DOI : 10.1037/h0026256

T. S. Brugha, P. Bebbington, C. Tennant, and J. Hurry, The List of Threatening Experiences: a subset of 12 life event categories with considerable long-term contextual threat, Psychological Medicine, vol.14, issue.01, pp.189-194, 1985.
DOI : 10.1016/0022-3999(67)90010-4

C. A. Cameron, M. Ungar, and L. Liebenberg, Cultural understandings of resilience: Roots for wings in the development of affective resources for resilience. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, pp.285-301, 2007.

D. J. Carlson, Development and validation of a College Resilience Questionnaire, Dissertation Abstracts International, A (Humanities and Social Sciences, p.62, 2001.

N. Carrey and M. Ungar, Resilience theory and the diagnostic and statistical manual: Incompatible bed fellows? Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, pp.497-513, 2007.

S. T. Charles and D. M. Almeida, Genetic and environmental effects on daily life stressors: More evidence for greater variation in later life., Psychology and Aging, vol.22, issue.2, pp.331-340, 2007.
DOI : 10.1037/0882-7974.22.2.331

D. S. Charney, Psychobiological Mechanisms of Resilience and Vulnerability, FOCUS, vol.2, issue.3, pp.195-216, 2004.
DOI : 10.1176/foc.2.3.368

J. Y. Chiao and K. D. Blizinsky, Culture-gene coevolution of individualism-collectivism and the serotonin transporter gene, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, pp.529-537, 2010.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.1996.03540040037030

S. Cohen, T. Kamarck, and R. Mermelstein, A Global Measure of Perceived Stress, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, vol.24, issue.4, pp.386-396, 1983.
DOI : 10.2307/2136404

D. M. Davydov and R. Ritchie, Postural blood pressure, mood regulation, and life stress, Psychophysiology, pp.46-112, 2009.

D. M. Davydov, D. Shapiro, and I. B. Goldstein, Moods in everyday situations, Journal of Psychosomatic Research, vol.56, issue.1, pp.27-33, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-3999(03)00602-0

D. M. Davydov, D. Shapiro, and I. B. Goldstein, Relation of resting baroreflex activity to 24-hour blood pressure and mood in healthy subjects, Journal of Psychophysiology, 2010.

D. M. Davydov, D. Shapiro, I. A. Cook, and I. B. Goldstein, Baroreflex mechanisms in major depression, Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, vol.31, issue.1, pp.164-177, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2006.08.015

D. M. Davydov, D. Shapiro, I. B. Goldstein, and A. Chicz-demet, Moods in everyday situations: effects of menstrual cycle, work, and stress hormones, Journal of Psychosomatic Research, vol.58, issue.4, pp.343-349, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2004.11.003

D. M. Davydov, D. Shapiro, I. B. Goldstein, and A. Chicz-demet, Moods in everyday situations: Effects of combinations of different arousal-related factors, Journal of Psychosomatic Research, vol.62, issue.3, pp.321-329, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2006.10.021

D. M. Davydov, E. Zech, and O. Luminet, Autonomic hypo-or hyper-arousal response to sad stimuli, Psychophysiology, pp.45-83, 2008.

K. Demyttenaere, R. Bruffaerts, J. Posada-villa, I. Gasquet, V. Kovess et al., Prevalence, severity, and unmet need for treatment of mental disorders in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys, JAMA, vol.291, pp.2581-2590, 2004.

E. Diener and R. E. Lucas, Subjective emotional well-being, 2000.

E. Diener, S. Oishi, and R. E. Lucas, Personality, Culture, and Subjective Well-Being: Emotional and Cognitive Evaluations of Life, Annual Review of Psychology, vol.54, issue.1, pp.403-425, 2003.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.psych.54.101601.145056

Z. R. Donaldson and L. J. Young, Oxytocin, Vasopressin, and the Neurogenetics of Sociality, Science, vol.322, issue.5903, pp.900-904, 2008.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1158668

R. Freedman, Coping, Resilience, and Outcome, American Journal of Psychiatry, vol.165, issue.12, pp.1505-1506, 2008.
DOI : 10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.08091439

O. Friborg, D. Barlaug, M. Martinussen, J. H. Rosenvinge, and O. Hjemdal, Resilience in relation to personality and intelligence, International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, vol.5, issue.1, pp.29-42, 2005.
DOI : 10.1002/mpr.15

A. Friend, J. C. Defries, and R. K. Olson, Parental Education Moderates Genetic Influences on Reading Disability, Psychological Science, vol.86, issue.11, pp.1124-1130, 2008.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02213.x

S. N. Ghaemi, Pluralism in psychiatry: Karl Jaspers on science, Philosophy Psychiatry, & Psychology, vol.14, pp.57-66, 2007.

S. N. Ghaemi, The rise and fall of the biopsychosocial model, The British Journal of Psychiatry, vol.195, issue.1, 2009.
DOI : 10.1192/bjp.bp.109.063859

P. Gilbert, Evolutionary approaches to psychopathology: The role of natural defences. The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, pp.17-27, 2001.

B. M. Gillespie, W. Chaboyer, and M. Wallis, Development of a theoretically derived model of resilience through concept analysis, Contemporary Nurse, vol.14, issue.1-2, pp.124-135, 2007.
DOI : 10.5172/conu.2007.25.1-2.124

B. M. Gillespie, W. Chaboyer, M. Wallis, and P. Grimbeek, Resilience in the operating room: developing and testing of a resilience model, Journal of Advanced Nursing, vol.8, issue.1, pp.427-438, 2007.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-2648.2003.02881.x

B. I. Goldstein, D. E. Kemp, J. K. Soczynska, and R. S. Mcintyre, Inflammation and the Phenomenology, Pathophysiology, Comorbidity, and Treatment of Bipolar Disorder, The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, vol.70, issue.8, pp.1078-1090, 2009.
DOI : 10.4088/JCP.08r04505

C. C. Gotay, P. Isaacs, and I. Pagano, Quality of life in patients who survive a dire prognosis compared to control cancer survivors, Psycho-Oncology, vol.16, issue.12, pp.882-892, 2004.
DOI : 10.1002/pon.808

H. Green, A. Mcginnity, H. Meltzer, T. Ford, and R. Goodman, Mental health of children and young people in Great Britain, 2004.

G. J. Haeffel and E. L. Grigorenko, Cognitive vulnerability to depression: Exploring risk and resilience. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, pp.435-448, 2007.

L. V. Harper, Epigenetic Inheritance and the Intergenerational Transfer of Experience., Psychological Bulletin, vol.131, issue.3, pp.340-360, 2005.
DOI : 10.1037/0033-2909.131.3.340

W. S. Harris, n-3 Fatty acid fortification: opportunities and obstacles, British Journal of Nutrition, vol.97, issue.04, pp.593-595, 2007.
DOI : 10.1017/S0007114507666434

M. Heinrichs, G. Meinlschmidt, I. Neumann, S. Wagner, C. Kirschbaum et al., Effects of Suckling on Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Responses to Psychosocial Stress in Postpartum Lactating Women, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol.86, issue.10, pp.4798-4804, 2001.
DOI : 10.1210/jcem.86.10.7919

S. C. Heinrichs and G. F. Koob, Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in Brain: A Role in Activation, Arousal, and Affect Regulation, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, vol.311, issue.2, pp.427-440, 2004.
DOI : 10.1124/jpet.103.052092

M. Heradien, M. Revera, L. Van-der-merwe, A. Goosen, V. A. Corfield et al., Abnormal blood pressure response to exercise occurs more frequently in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients with the R92W troponin T mutation than in those with myosin mutations, Heart Rhythm, vol.6, issue.11, pp.18-24, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.hrthm.2009.07.020

J. R. Hibbeln, T. A. Ferguson, and T. L. Blasbalg, Omega-3 fatty acid deficiencies in neurodevelopment, aggression and autonomic dysregulation: Opportunities for intervention, International Review of Psychiatry, vol.284, issue.2, pp.107-118, 2006.
DOI : 10.1080/07315724.1994.10718411

M. A. Hofer, Evolutionary Basis of Adaptation in Resilience and Vulnerability: Response to Cicchetti and Blender, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol.108, issue.3, pp.259-262, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2005.03.022

E. A. Hoge, E. D. Austin, and M. H. Pollack, Resilience: research evidence and conceptual considerations for posttraumatic stress disorder, Depression and Anxiety, vol.16, issue.2, pp.139-152, 2007.
DOI : 10.1002/da.20175

C. J. Holahan, C. K. Holahan, R. H. Moos, and P. L. Moos, Social support, coping, and depressive symptoms in a late-middle-aged sample of patients reporting cardiac illness., Health Psychology, vol.14, issue.2, pp.152-163, 1995.
DOI : 10.1037/0278-6133.14.2.152

Y. Hu, S. Stewart-brown, L. Twigg, and S. Weich, Can the 12-item General Health Questionnaire be used to measure positive mental health? Psychological Medicine, pp.1005-1013, 2007.

J. G. Hull, R. R. Van-treuren, and S. Virnelli, Hardiness and health: A critique and alternative approach., Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol.53, issue.3, pp.518-530, 1987.
DOI : 10.1037/0022-3514.53.3.518

A. J. Hunter, A cross-cultural comparison of resilience in adolescents, Journal of Pediatric Nursing, vol.16, issue.3, pp.172-179, 2001.
DOI : 10.1053/jpdn.2001.24180

F. A. Huppert, Positive mental health in individuals and populations The Science of Well-being, pp.307-340, 2005.

F. A. Huppert and J. E. Whittington, Evidence for the independence of positive and negative well-being: Implications for quality of life assessment, British Journal of Health Psychology, vol.8, issue.1, pp.107-122, 2003.
DOI : 10.1348/135910703762879246

E. Jablonka, The developmental construction of heredity, Developmental Psychobiology, vol.80, issue.8, pp.808-817, 2007.
DOI : 10.1002/dev.20260

C. S. Jacelon, The trait and process of resilience, Journal of Advanced Nursing, vol.1, issue.2, pp.123-129, 1997.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1997.1997025123.x

J. R. Jennings, M. W. Van-der-molen, and C. Tanase, Preparing hearts and minds: Cardiac slowing and a cortical inhibitory network, Psychophysiology, vol.119, issue.Suppl 1, pp.1170-1178, 2009.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00866.x

R. Jessor, M. Turbin, and F. Costa, Adolescent Problem Behavior in China and the United States: A Cross-National Study of Psychosocial Protective Factors, Journal of Research on Adolescence, vol.13, issue.3, pp.329-360, 2003.
DOI : 10.1111/1532-7795.1303004

J. Jin, Y. Tang, Y. Ma, S. Lv, Y. Bai et al., A structural equation model of depression and the defense system factors: A survey among Chinese college students, Psychiatry Research, vol.165, issue.3, pp.288-296, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.psychres.2008.03.012

T. Jones, Resilience in homeless adults: A review of literature, Journal of National Black Nurses' Association, vol.17, pp.36-44, 2006.

S. Joseph and P. A. Linley, Growth following adversity: Theoretical perspectives and implications for clinical practice, Clinical Psychology Review, vol.26, issue.8, pp.1041-1053, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cpr.2005.12.006

P. Karoly and L. S. Ruehlman, Psychological ???resilience??? and its correlates in chronic pain: Findings from a national community sample, Pain, vol.123, issue.1, pp.90-97, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.pain.2006.02.014

J. Kaufman, A. Cook, L. Arny, B. Jones, and T. Pittinsky, Problems defining resiliency: Illustrations from the study of maltreated children, Development and Psychopathology, vol.136, issue.01, pp.215-229, 1994.
DOI : 10.1097/00004583-199103000-00014

J. Kaufman, B. Z. Yang, H. Douglas-palumberi, D. Grasso, D. Lipschitz et al., Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor???5-HTTLPR Gene Interactions and Environmental Modifiers of Depression in Children, Biological Psychiatry, vol.59, issue.8, pp.673-680, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.10.026

J. Kaufman, B. Z. Yang, H. Douglas-palumberi, S. Houshyar, D. Lipschitz et al., Social supports and serotonin transporter gene moderate depression in maltreated children, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, pp.17316-17321, 2004.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.0404376101

R. Kaul, F. A. Plummer, J. Kimani, T. Dong, P. Kiama et al., HIV-1-Specific Mucosal CD8+ Lymphocyte Responses in the Cervix of HIV-1-Resistant Prostitutes in Nairobi, The Journal of Immunology, vol.164, issue.3, pp.1602-1611, 2000.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.164.3.1602

K. S. Kendler, J. Myers, and S. Zisook, Does Bereavement-Related Major Depression Differ From Major Depression Associated With Other Stressful Life Events?, American Journal of Psychiatry, vol.165, issue.11, pp.1449-1455, 2008.
DOI : 10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.07111757

C. L. Keyes, The Mental Health Continuum: From Languishing to Flourishing in Life, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, vol.43, issue.2, pp.207-222, 2002.
DOI : 10.2307/3090197

D. J. Kiesler, Beyond the Disease Model of Mental Disorders, 1999.

J. Kim-cohen, Resilience and developmental psychopathology. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, pp.271-283, 2007.

S. C. Kobasa, Stressful life events, personality, and health: An inquiry into hardiness., Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol.37, issue.1, pp.1-11, 1979.
DOI : 10.1037/0022-3514.37.1.1

R. M. Lerner, Resilience as an Attribute of the Developmental System: Comments on the Papers of Professors Masten & Wachs, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol.1094, issue.1, pp.40-51, 2006.
DOI : 10.1207/S1532480XADS0702_6

G. M. Lewitus and M. Schwartz, Behavioral immunization: immunity to self-antigens contributes to psychological stress resilience, Molecular Psychiatry, vol.15, issue.5
DOI : 10.1016/S0889-1591(03)00109-0

G. M. Lewitus, A. Wilf-yarkoni, Y. Ziv, M. Shabat-simon, R. Gersner et al., Vaccination as a Novel Approach for Treating Depressive Behavior, Biological Psychiatry, vol.65, issue.4, pp.283-288, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.07.014

P. Y. Lin and K. P. Su, A Meta-Analytic Review of Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trials of Antidepressant Efficacy of Omega-3 Fatty Acids, The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, vol.68, issue.07, pp.1056-1061, 2007.
DOI : 10.4088/JCP.v68n0712

P. A. Linley and S. Joseph, Positive Psychology in Practice, 2004.
DOI : 10.1002/9780470939338

M. Lock, Menopause in cultural context, Experimental Gerontology, vol.29, issue.3-4, pp.307-317, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0531-5565(94)90011-6

S. S. Luthar and L. B. Zelazo, Research on resilience: An integrative review Resilience and vulnerability: Adaptation in the context of childhood adversities, pp.510-550, 2003.

S. S. Luthar, D. Cicchetti, and B. Becker, The Construct of Resilience: A Critical Evaluation and Guidelines for Future Work, Child Development, vol.71, issue.3, pp.543-562, 2000.
DOI : 10.1111/1467-8624.00164

N. E. Lysenko and D. M. Davydov, Interplay of autonomic arousal and negative affect, International Journal of Psychophysiology, vol.69, issue.3, p.298, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.05.290

M. Maj, Depression, Bereavement, and ???Understandable??? Intense Sadness: Should the DSM-IV Approach Be Revised?, American Journal of Psychiatry, vol.165, issue.11, pp.1373-1375, 2008.
DOI : 10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.08071047

A. S. Masten, Resilience in developing systems: Progress and promise as the fourth wave rises, Development and Psychopathology, vol.19, issue.03, pp.921-930, 2007.
DOI : 10.1017/S0954579407000442

A. S. Masten and J. Obradovic, Competence and Resilience in Development, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol.34, issue.1, pp.13-27, 2006.
DOI : 10.1038/sj.npp.1300814

J. M. Mccaffery, M. Bleil, M. F. Pogue-geile, R. E. Ferrell, and S. B. Manuck, Allelic Variation in the Serotonin Transporter Gene-Linked Polymorphic Region (5-HTTLPR) and Cardiovascular Reactivity in Young Adult Male and Female Twins of European-American Descent, Psychosomatic Medicine, vol.65, issue.5, pp.721-728, 2003.
DOI : 10.1097/01.PSY.0000088585.67365.1D

B. P. Mccormick, G. C. Frey, C. Lee, T. Gajic, B. Stamatovic-gajic et al., A pilot examination of social context and everyday physical activity among adults receiving Community Mental Health Services, Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, vol.53, issue.Suppl., pp.243-247, 2009.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2008.01331.x

K. Mckenzie, K. Bhui, K. Nanchahal, and B. Blizard, Suicide rates in people of South Asian origin in England and Wales: 1993-2003, The British Journal of Psychiatry, vol.193, issue.5, pp.406-409, 2003.
DOI : 10.1192/bjp.bp.107.042598

R. K. Mcnamara, J. Able, Y. Liu, R. Jandacek, T. Rider et al., Omega-3 fatty acid deficiency during perinatal development increases serotonin turnover in the prefrontal cortex and decreases midbrain tryptophan hydroxylase-2 expression in adult female rats: Dissociation from estrogenic effects, Journal of Psychiatric Research, vol.43, issue.6, pp.656-663, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2008.09.011

H. Meltzer, R. Gatward, R. Goodman, and T. Ford, Mental health of children and adolescents in Great Britain, 2000.

M. Mikolajczak, E. Roy, O. Luminet, and P. De-timary, Resilience and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis reactivity under acute stress in young men, Stress, vol.54, issue.6, pp.477-482, 2008.
DOI : 10.1002/da.10113

A. H. Miller, Mechanisms of cytokine-induced behavioral changes: Psychoneuroimmunology at the translational interface, Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, vol.23, issue.2, pp.149-158, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bbi.2008.08.006

M. Minkler, V. B. Vásquez, and P. Shepard, Promoting Environmental Health Policy Through Community Based Participatory Research: A Case Study from Harlem, New York, Journal of Urban Health, vol.31, issue.1, pp.101-110, 2006.
DOI : 10.1007/s11524-005-9010-9

C. A. Morgan, J. H. Krystal, and S. M. Southwick, Toward early pharmacological posttraumatic stress intervention, Biological Psychiatry, vol.53, issue.9, pp.834-843, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0006-3223(03)00116-1

K. E. Mosack, The development and validation of the R-PLA: A resiliency measure for people living with HIV/AIDS (immune deficiency) Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: the Sciences and Engineering, p.3844, 2002.

M. R. Munafò, S. M. Brown, and A. R. Hariri, Serotonin Transporter (5-HTTLPR) Genotype and Amygdala Activation: A Meta-Analysis, Biological Psychiatry, vol.63, issue.9, pp.852-857, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.08.016

M. R. Munafò, C. Durrant, G. Lewis, and J. Flint, Gene ?? Environment Interactions at the Serotonin Transporter Locus, Biological Psychiatry, vol.65, issue.3, pp.211-219, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.06.009

C. Nagata, N. Takatsuka, S. Inaba, N. Kawakami, and H. Shimizu, Association of diet and other lifestyle with onset of menopause in Japanese women, Maturitas, vol.29, issue.2, pp.105-113, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0378-5122(98)00012-7

S. V. Nepomnyashchiy and D. M. Davydov, Social-psychological aspects of terrorism origin and the role of the governmental social politics in counteraction to its development In: The World Anticriminal and Antiterrorist Forum (WAAF): " The World community against the Globalization of Criminality and Terrorism, pp.206-208, 2007.

E. J. Nestler, Epigenetic Mechanisms in Psychiatry, Biological Psychiatry, vol.65, issue.3, pp.189-190, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.10.030

G. Netuveli, R. D. Wiggins, S. M. Montgomery, Z. Hildon, and D. Blane, Mental health and resilience at older ages: bouncing back after adversity in the British Household Panel Survey, Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, vol.62, issue.11, pp.987-991, 2008.
DOI : 10.1136/jech.2007.069138

J. C. Norcross and M. R. Goldfried, The future of psychotherapy integration: A roundtable., Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, vol.15, issue.4, pp.392-471, 2005.
DOI : 10.1037/1053-0479.15.4.392

F. H. Norris and S. A. Murrell, Prior experience as a moderator of disaster impact on anxiety symptoms in older adults, American Journal of Community Psychology, vol.37, issue.(1), pp.665-683, 1988.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00930020

Y. Okumura, S. Sakamoto, A. Tomoda, and N. Kijima, Latent structure of self-reported depression in undergraduates: Using taxometric procedures and information-theoretic latent variable modeling, Personality and Individual Differences, vol.46, issue.2, pp.166-171, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.paid.2008.09.021

A. D. Ong, C. S. Bergeman, T. L. Bisconti, and K. A. Wallace, Psychological resilience, positive emotions, and successful adaptation to stress in later life., Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol.91, issue.4, pp.730-749, 2006.
DOI : 10.1037/0022-3514.91.4.730

U. Orth, M. Berking, and S. Burkhardt, Self-conscious emotions and depression: Rumination explains why shame but not guilt is maladaptive. Personality and social psychology bulletin, pp.1608-1619, 2006.
DOI : 10.1177/0146167206292958

A. Oshio, H. Kaneko, S. Nagamine, and M. Nakaya, Construct Validity of the Adolescent Resilience Scale, Psychological Reports, vol.14, issue.3_suppl, pp.1217-1222, 2003.
DOI : 10.2466/pr0.2003.93.3f.1217

C. Ottaviani, D. Shapiro, D. M. Davydov, I. B. Goldstein, and P. J. Mills, The autonomic phenotype of rumination, International Journal of Psychophysiology, vol.72, issue.3, pp.267-275, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.12.014

M. Panjari and S. R. Davis, DHEA therapy for women: effect on sexual function and wellbeing, Human Reproduction Update, vol.13, issue.3, pp.239-248, 2007.
DOI : 10.1093/humupd/dml055

B. L. Parry, C. J. Meliska, D. L. Sorenson, A. M. Lopez, L. F. Martinez et al., Plasma Melatonin Circadian Rhythm Disturbances During Pregnancy and Postpartum in Depressed Women and Women With Personal or Family Histories of Depression, American Journal of Psychiatry, vol.165, issue.12, pp.1551-1558, 2008.
DOI : 10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.08050709

V. Patel and A. Goodman, Researching protective and promotive factors in mental health, International Journal of Epidemiology, vol.36, issue.4, pp.703-707, 2007.
DOI : 10.1093/ije/dym147

L. Pezawas, A. Meyer-lindenberg, E. Drabant, B. Verchinski, K. Munoz et al., 5-HTTLPR polymorphism impacts human cingulate-amygdala interactions: a genetic susceptibility mechanism for depression, Nature Neuroscience, vol.43, issue.6, pp.828-834, 2005.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.111134598

A. C. Phillips, G. Der, and D. Carroll, Self-reported health and cardiovascular reactions to psychological stress in a large community sample: Cross-sectional and prospective associations, Psychophysiology, vol.69, issue.5, pp.1020-1027, 2009.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00843.x

K. J. Preacher and A. F. Hayes, SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models, Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, vol.54, issue.4, pp.717-731, 2004.
DOI : 10.3758/BF03206553

K. J. Preacher and A. F. Hayes, Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models, Behavior Research Methods, vol.15, issue.3, pp.879-891, 2008.
DOI : 10.3758/BRM.40.3.879

G. C. Prkachin, C. Casey, and K. M. Prkachin, Alexithymia and perception of facial expressions of emotion, Personality and Individual Differences, vol.46, issue.4, pp.412-417, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.paid.2008.11.010

D. Quinton, M. Rutter, and C. Liddle, Institutional rearing, parenting difficulties and marital support, Psychological Medicine, vol.3, issue.01, pp.107-124, 1984.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00583828

C. Regehr, D. Hemsworth, and J. Hill, Individual Predictors of Posttraumatic Distress: A Structural Equation Model, The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, vol.60, issue.2, pp.156-161, 2001.
DOI : 10.1002/9781118619179

G. E. Richardson, The metatheory of resilience and resiliency, Journal of Clinical Psychology, vol.16, issue.3, pp.307-321, 2002.
DOI : 10.1002/jclp.10020

G. E. Richardson and P. J. Waite, Mental health promotion through resilience and resiliency education, International Journal of Emergency Mental Health, vol.4, pp.65-75, 2002.

A. Rossi, Some pre-world War II antecedents of community mental health theory and practice, Mental Hygiene, vol.46, pp.78-98, 1962.

K. Rothermund and J. Brandtstädter, Depression in later life: Cross-sequential patterns and possible determinants., Psychology and Aging, vol.18, issue.1, pp.80-90, 2003.
DOI : 10.1037/0882-7974.18.1.80

A. M. Ruscio and J. Ruscio, The latent structure of analogue depression: Should the Beck Depression Inventory be used to classify groups?, Psychological Assessment, vol.14, issue.2, pp.135-145, 2002.
DOI : 10.1037/1040-3590.14.2.135

A. Russo-neustadt, T. Ha, R. Ramirez, and J. P. Kesslak, Physical activity???antidepressant treatment combination: impact on brain-derived neurotrophic factor and behavior in an animal model, Behavioural Brain Research, vol.120, issue.1, pp.87-95, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0166-4328(00)00364-8

M. Rutter, Resilience in the face of adversity. Protective factors and resistance to psychiatric disorder, The British Journal of Psychiatry, vol.147, issue.6, pp.598-611, 1985.
DOI : 10.1192/bjp.147.6.598

M. Rutter, Implications of Resilience Concepts for Scientific Understanding, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol.77, issue.1, pp.1-12, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.01.026

M. Rutter and D. Quinton, Long-term follow-up of women institutionalized in childhood: Factors promoting good functioning in adult life*, British Journal of Developmental Psychology, vol.2, issue.3, pp.191-204, 1984.
DOI : 10.1111/j.2044-835X.1984.tb00925.x

M. Rutter and D. J. Smith, Psychosocial disorders in young people, 1995.

A. J. Sameroff and K. L. Rosenblum, Psychosocial Constraints on the Development of Resilience, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol.79, issue.1, pp.116-124, 2006.
DOI : 10.1037//0003-066X.56.3.227

S. Schaal, T. Elbert, and F. Neuner, Narrative Exposure Therapy versus group Interpersonal Psychotherapy ? a controlled clinical trial with orphaned survivors of the Rwandan genocide, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 2009.

L. A. Schmidt, N. A. Fox, K. Perez-edgar, and D. H. Hamer, Linking Gene, Brain, and Behavior, Psychological Science, vol.94, issue.7, pp.831-837, 2009.
DOI : 10.1017/S0954579407000521
URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2743539

N. Schneiderman, G. Ironson, and S. D. Siegel, Stress and Health: Psychological, Behavioral, and Biological Determinants, Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, vol.1, issue.1, pp.607-628, 2005.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.144141

A. N. Schore, MINDS IN THE MAKING: ATTACHMENT, THE SELF-ORGANIZING BRAIN, AND DEVELOPMENTALLY-ORIENTED PSYCHOANALYTIC PSYCHOTHERAPY, British Journal of Psychotherapy, vol.8, issue.4, pp.299-328, 2001.
DOI : 10.1037/0736-9735.17.3.467

M. E. Seligman and S. F. Maier, Failure to escape traumatic shock., Journal of Experimental Psychology, vol.74, issue.1, pp.1-9, 1967.
DOI : 10.1037/h0024514

D. Shapiro, L. D. Jamner, I. B. Goldstein, and R. J. Delfino, Striking a chord: Moods, blood pressure, and heart rate in everyday life, Psychophysiology, vol.38, issue.2, pp.197-204, 2001.
DOI : 10.1111/1469-8986.3820197

E. A. Skinner and M. J. Zimmer-gembeck, The Development of Coping, Annual Review of Psychology, vol.58, issue.1, pp.119-144, 2007.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085705

D. A. Slattery and I. D. Neumann, No stress please! Mechanisms of stress hyporesponsiveness of the maternal brain, The Journal of Physiology, vol.25, issue.Suppl. 15, pp.377-385, 2008.
DOI : 10.1113/jphysiol.2007.145896

S. M. Southwick, M. Vythilingam, and D. S. Charney, The Psychobiology of Depression and Resilience to Stress: Implications for Prevention and Treatment, Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, vol.1, issue.1, pp.255-291, 2005.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.143948

A. L. Stanton, T. A. Revenson, and H. Tennen, Health Psychology: Psychological Adjustment to Chronic Disease, Annual Review of Psychology, vol.58, issue.1, pp.565-592, 2007.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085615

R. S. Stawski, M. J. Sliwinski, D. M. Almeida, and J. M. Smyth, Reported exposure and emotional reactivity to daily stressors: The roles of adult age and global perceived stress., Psychology and Aging, vol.23, issue.1, pp.52-61, 2008.
DOI : 10.1037/0882-7974.23.1.52

M. Steiner, E. Dunn, and L. Born, Hormones and mood: from menarche to menopause and beyond, Journal of Affective Disorders, vol.74, issue.1, pp.67-83, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0165-0327(02)00432-9

M. Steinhardt and C. Dolbier, Evaluation of a Resilience Intervention to Enhance Coping Strategies and Protective Factors and Decrease Symptomatology, Journal of American College Health, vol.56, issue.4, pp.445-453, 2008.
DOI : 10.3200/JACH.56.44.445-454

A. Steptoe and J. Wardle, Health behaviour, risk awareness and emotional well-being in students from Eastern Europe and Western Europe, Social Science & Medicine, vol.53, issue.12, pp.1621-1630, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0277-9536(00)00446-9

R. Stewart, M. Prince, R. Harwood, R. Whitley, and A. Mann, Quality of accommodation and risk of depression in later life: An analysis of prospective data from the Gospel Oak Project, International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, vol.180, issue.12, pp.1091-1098, 2002.
DOI : 10.1002/gps.749

L. A. Stone and K. A. Nielson, Intact Physiological Response to Arousal with Impaired Emotional Recognition in Alexithymia, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, vol.70, issue.2, pp.92-102, 2001.
DOI : 10.1159/000056232

J. D. Sweatt, Experience-Dependent Epigenetic Modifications in the Central Nervous System, Biological Psychiatry, vol.65, issue.3, pp.191-197, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.09.002

M. Szyf, P. Mcgowan, and M. J. Meaney, The social environment and the epigenome, Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, vol.97, issue.1, pp.46-60, 2007.
DOI : 10.1002/em.20357

S. E. Taylor and A. L. Stanton, Coping Resources, Coping Processes, and Mental Health, Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, vol.3, issue.1, pp.377-401, 2007.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.3.022806.091520

R. Tedeschi and L. Calhoun, The posttraumatic growth inventory: Measuring the positive legacy of trauma, Journal of Traumatic Stress, vol.7, issue.3, pp.455-471, 1996.
DOI : 10.1002/jts.2490090305

C. Thompson, H. Syddall, I. Rodin, C. Osmond, and D. J. Barker, Birth weight and the risk of depressive disorder in late life, The British Journal of Psychiatry, vol.179, issue.5, pp.450-455, 2001.
DOI : 10.1192/bjp.179.5.450

A. Troisi, Cholesterol in coronary heart disease and psychiatric disorders: Same or opposite effects on morbidity risk?, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, vol.33, issue.2, pp.125-132, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2008.09.003

M. M. Tugade and B. L. Fredrickson, Resilient Individuals Use Positive Emotions to Bounce Back From Negative Emotional Experiences., Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol.86, issue.2, pp.320-333, 2004.
DOI : 10.1037/0022-3514.86.2.320

M. M. Tugade, B. L. Fredrickson, and L. F. Barrett, Psychological Resilience and Positive Emotional Granularity: Examining the Benefits of Positive Emotions on Coping and Health, Journal of Personality, vol.72, issue.6, pp.1161-1190, 2004.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2004.00294.x

K. Tusaie and J. Dyer, Resilience, Holistic Nursing Practice, vol.18, issue.1, pp.3-8, 2004.
DOI : 10.1097/00004650-200401000-00002

R. Uher and P. Mcguffin, The moderation by the serotonin transporter gene of environmental adversity in the aetiology of mental illness: review and methodological analysis, Molecular Psychiatry, vol.23, issue.2, pp.131-146, 2008.
DOI : 10.1002/gepi.1034

S. Vaishnavi, K. Connor, and J. R. Davidson, An abbreviated version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), the CD-RISC2: Psychometric properties and applications in psychopharmacological trials, Psychiatry Research, vol.152, issue.2-3, pp.293-297, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.psychres.2007.01.006

E. Vanderbilt-adriance and D. S. Shaw, Conceptualizing and Re-Evaluating Resilience Across Levels of Risk, Time, and Domains of Competence, Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, vol.19, issue.1-2, pp.30-58, 2008.
DOI : 10.1007/s10567-008-0031-2

M. Verhagen, . A. Van-der-meij, P. A. Van-deurzen, J. G. Janzing, A. Arias-vásquez et al., Meta-analysis of the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism in major depressive disorder: effects of gender and ethnicity, Molecular Psychiatry, vol.54, issue.3
DOI : 10.1016/S0006-3223(00)00829-5

B. Verheyden, J. Liu, F. Beckers, and A. E. Aubert, Adaptation of heart rate and blood pressure to short and long duration space missions, Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, vol.169, pp.13-16, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.resp.2009.03.008

M. Voracek and L. M. Loibl, Consistency of immigrant and country-of-birth suicide rates: a meta-analysis, Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, vol.41, issue.suppl. 394, pp.259-271, 2008.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2008.01238.x

T. D. Wachs, Contributions of Temperament to Buffering and Sensitization Processes in Children's Development, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol.21, issue.1, pp.28-39, 2006.
DOI : 10.1207/S15374424JCCP3301_2

G. M. Wagnild and H. M. Young, Development and psychometric validation of the Resilience Scale, Journal of Nursing Measurement, vol.1, pp.165-178, 1993.

C. E. Waugh, B. L. Fredrickson, and S. F. Taylor, Adapting to life???s slings and arrows: Individual differences in resilience when recovering from an anticipated threat, Journal of Research in Personality, vol.42, issue.4, pp.1031-1046, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jrp.2008.02.005

M. C. Wichers, K. Gunter, N. Jacobs, R. Mengelers, C. Derom et al., The BDNF Val(66)Met x 5-HTTLPR x child adversity interaction and depressive symptoms: An attempt at replication, American Journal of Medical Genetics, vol.147, pp.120-123, 2008.

M. C. Wichers, D. Schrijvers, N. Geschwind, N. Jacobs, I. Myin-germeys et al., Mechanisms of gene???environment interactions in depression: evidence that genes potentiate multiple sources of adversity, Psychological Medicine, vol.152, issue.07, pp.1077-1086, 2009.
DOI : 10.1375/twin.9.6.733

S. S. Wiltermuth and C. Heath, Synchrony and Cooperation, Psychological Science, vol.12, issue.1, pp.1-5, 2009.
DOI : 10.1002/ejsp.2420010202

G. Windle, D. A. Markland, and R. T. Woods, Examination of a theoretical model of psychological resilience in older age, Aging & Mental Health, vol.1, issue.3, pp.285-292, 2008.
DOI : 10.1207/s15327752jpa5401&2_26

C. M. Worthman, Habits of the heart: Life history and the developmental neuroendocrinology of emotion, American Journal of Human Biology, vol.363, issue.6, pp.772-81, 2009.
DOI : 10.1002/ajhb.20966

M. Yazdanbakhsh, P. G. Kremsner, and R. Van-ree, Allergy, Parasites, and the Hygiene Hypothesis, Science, vol.296, issue.5567, pp.490-494, 2002.
DOI : 10.1126/science.296.5567.490

R. Yehuda and J. D. Flory, Differentiating biological correlates of risk, PTSD, and resilience following trauma exposure, Journal of Traumatic Stress, vol.37, issue.4, pp.435-447, 2007.
DOI : 10.1002/jts.20260

E. A. Young and M. Altemus, Puberty, Ovarian Steroids, and Stress, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol.27, issue.1, pp.124-133, 2004.
DOI : 10.1196/annals.1308.013