Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Mayo Clinic experiences with a hitherto unnamed disease, Mayo Clin Proc, vol.55, pp.434-438, 1980. ,
The metabolic abnormalities associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology, vol.16, issue.5, pp.709-731, 2002. ,
DOI : 10.1053/bega.2002.0325
Steatohepatitis: A tale of two ???hits????, Gastroenterology, vol.114, issue.4, pp.842-845, 1998. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)70599-2
Insulin resistance, adiponectin, cytokines in NASH: Which is the best target to treat?, Journal of Hepatology, vol.44, issue.2, pp.253-261, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.jhep.2005.11.030
The role of TNF?? and TNF receptors in obesity and insulin resistance, Journal of Internal Medicine, vol.100, issue.11, pp.621-625, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-2796.1999.00490.x
Essential role of tumor necrosis factor ?? in alcohol-induced liver injury in mice, Gastroenterology, vol.117, issue.4, pp.942-952, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0016-5085(99)70354-9
Gene expression of tumor necrosis factor [alpha ] and TNF-receptors, p55 and p75, in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis patients, Hepatology, vol.34, issue.6, pp.1158-1163, 2001. ,
DOI : 10.1053/jhep.2001.29628
Levels of serum hyaluronic acid, TNF-alpha and IL-8 in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, Hepatogastroenterology, vol.52, pp.1549-53, 2005. ,
TNF-alpha is not the cause of fatty liver disease in obese diabetic mice, Nature Medicine, vol.7, issue.1, pp.2-3, 2001. ,
DOI : 10.1038/83316
Steatohepatitis induced by intragastric overfeeding in mice, Hepatology, vol.47, issue.4, pp.905-914, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1002/hep.20877
O0040 FREE FATTY ACIDS PROMOTE HEPATIC LIPOTOXICITY BY STIMULATING TNF-ALPHA EXPRESSION VIA A LYSOSOMAL PATHWAY, Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, vol.39, issue.Supplement 1, pp.185-194, 2004. ,
DOI : 10.1097/00005176-200406001-00042
Tumour necrosis factor ?? signalling through activation of Kupffer cells plays an essential role in liver fibrosis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in mice, Gut, vol.55, issue.3, pp.415-424, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1136/gut.2005.071118
Hepatic microvascular dysfunction during evolution of dietary steatohepatitis in mice, Hepatology, vol.266, issue.2, pp.386-93, 2004. ,
DOI : 10.1002/hep.20302
The methionine-choline deficient dietary model of steatohepatitis does not exhibit insulin resistance, Journal of Hepatology, vol.40, issue.1, pp.47-51, 2004. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.jhep.2003.09.020
Lessons from animal models of NASH, Hepatology Research, vol.33, issue.2, pp.138-144, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.hepres.2005.09.022
The active synthesis of phosphatidylcholine is required for very low density lipoprotein secretion from rat hepatocytes, J Biol Chem, vol.263, pp.2998-3004, 1988. ,
Mechanisms of hepatic steatosis in mice fed a lipogenic methionine choline-deficient diet, The Journal of Lipid Research, vol.49, issue.5, pp.1068-1076, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1194/jlr.M800042-JLR200
Impaired immune and acute-phase responses in interleukin-6-deficient mice, Nature, vol.368, issue.6469, pp.339-342, 1994. ,
DOI : 10.1038/368339a0
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a proposal for grading and staging the histological lesions, The American Journal of Gastroenterology, vol.10, issue.9, pp.2467-2474, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0168-8278(96)80234-0
Design and validation of a histological scoring system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Hepatology, vol.38, issue.6, pp.1313-1321, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1002/hep.20701
A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding, Analytical Biochemistry, vol.72, issue.1-2, pp.248-254, 1976. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3
A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipides from animal tissues, J Biol Chem, vol.226, pp.497-509, 1957. ,
[10] Assay of inorganic phosphate, total phosphate and phosphatases, Meth Enzymol, vol.8, pp.115-118, 1966. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0076-6879(66)08014-5
Determination of Ceramides and Diglycerides by the Diglyceride Kinase Assay, Analytical Biochemistry, vol.298, issue.2, pp.141-150, 2001. ,
DOI : 10.1006/abio.2001.5342
Lipid peroxidation, stellate cell activation and hepatic fibrogenesis in a rat model of chronic steatohepatitis, Journal of Hepatology, vol.39, issue.5, pp.756-764, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0168-8278(03)00376-3
Involvement of Sphingosine in Mitochondria-dependent Fas-induced Apoptosis of Type II Jurkat T Cells, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.275, issue.21, pp.15691-15700, 2000. ,
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M000280200
Hepatocyte apoptosis is a pathologic feature of human alcoholic hepatitis, Journal of Hepatology, vol.34, issue.2, pp.248-253, 2001. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0168-8278(00)00089-1
Hepatocyte apoptosis and fas expression are prominent features of human nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, Gastroenterology, vol.125, issue.2, pp.437-443, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0016-5085(03)00907-7
Hepatocyte apoptosis, expression of death receptors, and activation of NFkappaB in the liver of nonalcoholic and alcoholic steatohepatitis patients, 2004. ,
Paradoxical effects of short- and long-term interleukin-6 exposure on liver injury and repair, Hepatology, vol.107, issue.3, pp.474-484, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1002/hep.21087
Rodent nutritional model of steatohepatitis: Effects of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) and tumor necrosis factor alpha deficiency, Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, vol.105, issue.1, pp.174-182, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2005.04220.x
A new model for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in the rat utilizing total enteral nutrition to overfeed a high-polyunsaturated fat diet, AJP: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, vol.294, issue.1, pp.27-38, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1152/ajpgi.00296.2007
The ratio of phosphatidylcholine to phosphatidylethanolamine influences membrane integrity and steatohepatitis, Cell Metabolism, vol.3, issue.5, pp.321-331, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.cmet.2006.03.007
A lipidomic analysis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Hepatology, vol.343, issue.4, pp.1081-1090, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1002/hep.21763
Inhibition of Ceramide Synthesis Ameliorates Glucocorticoid-, Saturated-Fat-, and Obesity-Induced Insulin Resistance, Cell Metabolism, vol.5, issue.3, pp.167-179, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.cmet.2007.01.002
Sphingolipid signalling and liver diseases, Liver International, vol.18, issue.5, pp.440-450, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1093/qjmed/93.4.237
Sphingolipid signalling: molecular basis and role in TNF-[alpha]-induced cell death, Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine, vol.4, issue.28, pp.1-15, 2002. ,
DOI : 10.1017/S146239940200546X
Role of FAN in Tumor Necrosis Factor-?? and Lipopolysaccharide-induced Interleukin-6 Secretion and Lethality in D-Galactosamine-sensitized Mice, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.279, issue.18, pp.18648-18655, 2004. ,
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M314294200
CYP2E1 and CYP4A as microsomal catalysts of lipid peroxides in murine nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol.105, issue.8, pp.1067-1075, 2000. ,
DOI : 10.1172/JCI8814
NF-??B Activation, Rather Than TNF, Mediates Hepatic Inflammation in a Murine Dietary Model of Steatohepatitis, Gastroenterology, vol.129, issue.5, pp.1663-1674, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1053/j.gastro.2005.09.004
The pathogenesis of ethanol versus methionine and choline deficient diet-induced liver injury, Biochemical Pharmacology, vol.75, issue.4, pp.981-995, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.bcp.2007.09.030
Interleukin-6-deficient mice develop mature-onset obesity, Nature Medicine, vol.8, issue.1, pp.75-79, 2002. ,
DOI : 10.1038/nm0102-75
Interleukin-6 Induces Cellular Insulin Resistance in Hepatocytes, Diabetes, vol.51, issue.12, pp.3391-3399, 2002. ,
DOI : 10.2337/diabetes.51.12.3391
Serum cytokine and soluble cytokine receptor levels in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, Liver International, vol.1592, issue.1, pp.39-45, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2005.01191.x
Systemic inflammation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is characterized by elevated levels of CCL2, Journal of Hepatology, vol.44, issue.6, pp.1167-1174, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.jhep.2006.02.011
Increased plasma interleukin-8 concentrations in alcoholic hepatitis, Hepatology, vol.72, issue.3, pp.547-552, 1992. ,
DOI : 10.1002/hep.1840180316
Physiological roles of muscle-derived interleukin-6 in response to exercise, Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, vol.10, issue.3, pp.265-271, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1097/MCO.0b013e3280ebb5b3
COUNTERPOINT: INTERLEUKIN-6 DOES NOT HAVE A BENEFICIAL ROLE IN INSULIN SENSITIVITY AND GLUCOSE HOMEOSTASIS, Journal of Applied Physiology, vol.102, issue.2, pp.816-818, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1152/japplphysiol.01208a.2006
Interleukin-6 does/does not have a beneficial role in insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis, Journal of Applied Physiology, vol.102, issue.2, pp.814-816, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1152/japplphysiol.01208.2006
Liver Failure and Defective Hepatocyte Regeneration in Interleukin-6-Deficient Mice, Science, vol.274, issue.5291, pp.1379-1383, 1996. ,
DOI : 10.1126/science.274.5291.1379
Sepsis-induced cholestasis, steatosis, hepatocellular injury, and impaired hepatocellular regeneration are enhanced in interleukin-6 ???/??? mice*, Critical Care Medicine, vol.34, issue.10, pp.2613-2620, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1097/01.CCM.0000240229.98275.07
Interleukin 6 alleviates hepatic steatosis and ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice with fatty liver disease, Hepatology, vol.36, issue.4, pp.933-941, 2004. ,
DOI : 10.1002/hep.20400
Elevated interleukin-6 during ethanol consumption acts as a potential endogenous protective cytokine against ethanol-induced apoptosis in the liver: involvement of induction of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL proteins, Oncogene, vol.431, issue.1, pp.32-43, 2002. ,
DOI : 10.1038/sj.onc.1205016
IL-6-deficient mice are susceptible to ethanol-induced hepatic steatosis: IL-6 protects against ethanolinduced oxidative stress and mitochondrial permeability transition in the liver, Cell Mol Immunol, vol.1, pp.205-211, 2004. ,
Fibroblasts from different sites may promote or inhibit recruitment of flowing lymphocytes by endothelial cells, European Journal of Immunology, vol.179, issue.1, pp.113-125, 2009. ,
DOI : 10.1002/eji.200838232
Chapter 21 Interleukin???6 and Insulin Resistance, Vitam Horm, vol.80, pp.613-633, 2009. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0083-6729(08)00621-3
IL-17 and Th17 Cells, Annual Review of Immunology, vol.27, issue.1, pp.485-517, 2009. ,
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.immunol.021908.132710
Interleukin-6 and its receptor: from bench to bedside, Medical Microbiology and Immunology, vol.275, issue.4, pp.173-183, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1007/s00430-006-0019-9
Ceramide, Tumor Necrosis Factor and Alcohol-Induced Liver Disease, Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research, vol.2, issue.Supplement, pp.151-157, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1053/jhep.2002.34943
Increased Hepatic and Circulating Interleukin-6 Levels in Human Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis, The American Journal of Gastroenterology, vol.127, issue.2, pp.1372-1379, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1210/jc.82.12.4196